Método de análise e tomada de decisão pela teoria de sistema de controle e lógica fuzzy

Abstract

This dissertation, entitled Method of Analysis and Decision-Making through Control System Theory and Fuzzy Logic, has as its research problem: How can control theory, with the aid of fuzzy logic, be applied in contexts involving purely human relationships? Its general objective is to verify this applicability and to illustrate it through two case studies, one in the field of education and another in the field of health. An interdisciplinary approach is proposed by articulating classical control theory with elements from the human sciences, especially within the context of decision-making in human relationships, with emphasis on the areas of education and health. Through a bibliographic review, the foundations of control theory are initially presented. The research is based on an analogy that compares the elements of a control system, such as the reference signal, the plant, the sensor and the controller, with components of human action, including purposes, perceptions, beliefs and decisions. As a practical application, a fuzzy system was developed to suggest dietary and physical activity recommendations based on laboratory data, including glycemia, total cholesterol and triglycerides. This application validated the usefulness of the model in health-related decision-making contexts.In the education-focused case study, the teaching and learning process is interpreted as a closed-loop system. In this system, the teacher acts as a mediator, adjusting his or her methodology based on the performance of the students, which represents the system output. The results demonstrate that the analogy between automatic control and human action is productive when it comes to reflecting on the balance between autonomy, structure and adaptation in human behavior. By integrating technical reasoning with subjective human aspects, this work proposes new possibilities for the application of control models in educational, clinical and social environments.