Invasão e violência: sobreposições da pretensa propriedade privada em terras indígenas no Brasil

Abstract

This dissertation analyzes the invasions of indigenous lands (ILs) in Brazil as a structural expression of the formation of private property in rural areas, articulated with land concentration, land grabbing, and capitalist accumulation. The research is based on a database developed from official public information and on geoprocessing and documentary analysis techniques, through which 1,694 overlaps of private rural properties on ILs were identified, totaling more than 1.18 million hectares invaded in almost all Federative Units. The results show that invasions and violence affect indigenous lands at different stages of the demarcation process, including homologated areas, indicating that territorial usurpation is a systematic practice directly or indirectly legitimized by the State. The analysis of land use demonstrates the predominance of agricultural and livestock activities aimed at the production of commodities, especially pastures and soy, as well as areas designated for asset reserves and land speculation. The dissertation also incorporates a case study of the Comexatibá Indigenous Land, through the analysis of the title chains of the overlapping properties, highlighting the recurrence of titles without origin and the state's role in titling and granting amnesty for land grabbing. It is concluded that invasions constitute a central mechanism of territorial dispossession and the material basis of agrarian conflicts in Brazil, reproducing the systematic violation of the rights of indigenous peoples in Brazil.