Segurança de barragens de rejeitos e impactos ambientais: uma revisão sobre a mineração de caulim em uma região amazônica

Abstract

In Brazil, the state of Pará has received attention, especially for the production and processing of kaolin. On the other hand, the demand for such mineral inputs has led to the growth of tailings production, which represents risks, which can be evidenced in recent disasters involving mining dams. This study consists of a systematic bibliographical review and aimed at discussing related methods of processing, kaolin storage and numerous incidents involving waste leaks, in order to support actions to detect the most impacted areas. The results demonstrated that the processing of kaolin ore in the study area is carried out via the wet process. Kaolin tailings storage systems in Barcarena-PA are more unsafe in relation to alternative disposal systems, resulting in events of kaolin tailings leaking into regional water bodies and spreading areas used for bathing.