Propriedades anti-inflamatórias e anti-oxidantes do ácido kójico in vitro e in vivo: uma revisão sistemática e metanálise

Abstract

Throughout the inflammatory process, many chemical mediators are released by cells of the immune system, inducing the expression of adhesion molecules and leukocyte recruitment from the bloodstream to the site. The imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants in favor of oxidants ends up predominating in cases such as inflammation, leading to what we can call oxidative stress. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of Kojic Acid in an in vitro and in vivo model. Methods: This review met the criteria of the PRISMA protocol, and the PICO strategy was used (P: Murine; I: Kojic Acid; C: Comparison; O: Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects). The risk of bias assessment was performed using the Risk of Bias (RoB) 2.0 software and the following electronic databases were used: Pubmed, Scielo, Web of Science and Virtual Health Library (VHL) of studies published between 2020 and 2024. Results: A total of 286 studies were found, where based on the eligibility criteria, 3 studies were selected, which proved that kojic acid presented iNOS production inhibition activity and a significant impact on reducing the expression of Nrf2 regulation, lipid peroxidation, p-NRF2 and NFkB, having a substantial impact in the anti-inflammatory context. Conclusion: The selected studies have a minimal risk of research bias, making them reproducible and highly reliable. The data presented a decisive consensus to confirm the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress effects of kojic acid.