Metodologia 7Cs: uma proposta de ensino e aprendizagem para disciplinas introdutórias à programação

Abstract

This thesis presents the conception of a teaching and learning methodology for introductory subjects to programming, entitled 7Cs Methodology, composed of seven dimensions (Understanding, Conceiving, Completing, Compatibilizing, Correcting, Building and Creating) and which aims to facilitate the learning process of the basic contents of algorithms, in order to minimize difficulties of undergraduate students of courses that include introductory subjects to programming, subjects that are often held responsible for high retention and dropout rates in undergraduate courses in the area of Technology and Information. The conception of such a methodology was based on the principles of Ausubel's Meaningful Learning Theory (2000) and was initially inspired by Campos' work (2010). Participant observations were held in two different undergraduate courses at the Federal University of Pará (UFPA) and a pilot test in the Algorithm Leveling Program (PNA – Portuguese acronym) at the same university. Then, from the observations and data obtained, the methodology was applied in the subject Algorithms, from the Bachelor's Degree in Computer Science, also at UFPA. It was verified the possibility of using the methodology in a flexible way, with feasibility, both in leveling courses and in the subject of Algorithms at the undergraduate level. Observed elements indicated the potential of the 7Cs Methodology to assist in reducing difficulties in understanding the basic concepts and in the development of skills associated with algorithm subjects, with the verification, throughout the applications, of more active involvement of students and the development of specific skills related to the construction of algorithms. Finally, a Guidance Material was prepared, with a brief description of the 7Cs Methodology and examples of possible ways of its application, to illustrate its principles and assist teachers interested in using it.