Diversidade genética das espécies de micobactérias não tuberculosas identificadas em laboratório de referência para o diagnóstico da tuberculose na região Norte

Abstract

Recent years has seen an increase in reports of infections associated with nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). However, knowledge of the frequency and the species involved in pulmonary and non-pulmonary infections in Brazil are limited. We evaluated the occurrence of species of NTM isolated Mycobacteria Laboratory of the Instituto Evandro Chagas, Regional Laboratory of Public Health of the North. We analyzed all NTM isolates from pulmonary clinical specimens of individuals with infection, according to the criteria of the American Thoracic Society and the Department of Health between the years 2004 to 2007. The NTM were characterized by PCR-restriction analysis (PRA-hsp65) and 16S rRNA, hsp65 e rpoB genes sequencing. We identified 51 patients with infection caused by NTM, which the M. abscessus (n=2), M. bolletii (n=4), M. massiliense (n=9), M. avium (n=5), M. colombiense (n=5), M. fortuitum (n=4), M. simiae (n=2), M. interjectum (n=4), M. intracellulare (n=5), M. kansasii (n=1), M. scrofulaceum (n=1) e M. terrae (n=1) species that involved in lung infection. In eight individuals the NTM isolates were not identified at the species level, which may represent new taxonomic entity from M. simiae complex. This study describes the diversity of NTM isolated from pulmonary clinical specimens in the state of Pará, Brazilian Amazon Region. The finding cases of lung infections diagnosed and treated unsuccessfully for several months as tuberculosis suggest the need for isolation and identification of mycobacteria involved before establishment of treatment failure.