Caracterização da cinética de captação de glutamato por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência em tecido retiniano

Abstract

The present study describes a simple and efficient method utilizing high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to fluorescence detection for the determination of kinetic parameters of glutamate uptake in nervous tissue. Retinal tissue obtained from 7-day-old chicks was incubated to known concentrations of glutamate (50-2000 μM) for 10 minutes, and the levels of the o-phtaldehyde (OPA)-derivatized neurotransmitter in the incubation medium were measured. By assessing the difference between initial and final concentrations of glutamate in the medium, a saturable uptake mechanism was characterized (Km = 8,2 e Vmax = 9,8 nmol/mg protein/minute). This measure was largely sodium- and temperature-dependent, strongly supporting that the mechanism for concentration decrements is indeed uptake by high-affinity transporters. Added to this, our results also demonstrated that zinc chloride (an inhibitor of glutamate/aspartate transporters) evoked a concentration dependent decrease in the glutamate uptake, demonstrating an elevate specificity of our methodology. Overall, the present work characterizes an alternative methodology to evaluate glutamate uptake in nervous tissue using HPLC. This approach could be an important tool for studies associated to the characterization of glutamate transport related with central nervous system injury