Quando os fios se esgarçam: memórias e identidades nos processos de desintrusão de famílias agricultoras em Garrafão do Norte (PA)

Abstract

The main objective of this dissertation was to investigate the territorial conflicts that took place in the area of Vila Tauari, in the municipality of Garrafão do Norte (PA), seeking to understand the perceptions of settlers/farmers regarding the process of “desintrusão” (removal from Indigenous Lands) and its consequences. The research aimed to give visibility to the experiences and memories of these historically marginalized subjects, often silenced by the official narrative, highlighting the social, cultural, and territorial impacts resulting from the loss of land and the rupture of community ties. The method adopted was qualitative, based on approaches of memory, escrevivência (writing from lived experience), and oral history. The investigation combined historical documents, academic analyses, and life stories of the farmers of Vila Tauari, understanding the territory not only as a physical space but also as a symbolic and identity axis. The collected narratives were treated as analytical tools, allowing for the recovery of silenced voices and for a deeper understanding of the tensions underlying the process of dispossession. The results show that conflicts between settlers and Indigenous peoples did not stem from direct rivalries, but rather from the omission and contradictions of the State, which encouraged migration and settlement in the area but failed to provide dignified conditions for permanence or fair alternatives during the removal process. The analysis revealed the centrality of land as a space of memory and belonging, showing how desintrusão provoked not only physical displacement but also identity and community fragmentation. At the same time, the research highlighted forms of resistance, territorial reorganization, and survival strategies that reaffirm peasant resilience. In the conclusions, the study argues that desintrusão, although necessary to guarantee Indigenous territorial rights, was conducted in a disorganized and unequal manner, disregarding poor farmers and exacerbating their vulnerabilities. It emphasizes the importance of public policies that integrate social and territorial justice, capable of ensuring both the protection of Indigenous peoples and the dignity of farmers. Thus, this research contributes to a critical reflection on dispossession in the Amazon, reinforcing the role of collective memory as a form of resistance and as an instrument for the construction of rights.