Ferramentas de apoio à tomada de decisão ao problema de alocação ótima de bancos de capacitores em redes de distribuição de energia considerando cargas não lineares

Abstract

The use of properly allocated capacitor banks has long been one of the main strategies used to maintain electrical variables such as voltage, power factor and feeder loading within acceptable levels. However, the constant presence of harmonics in the grid limits the applicability of this strategy. In this context, this work proposes an a posteriori evaluation of the Resonance Index to support the decision making process, in conjunction with the multiobjective evolutionary algorithm, SPEA2, to solve the Optimal Capacitor Allocation Problem (OCAP) in three-phase radial distribution networks considering the harmonic resonance and amplification phenomena due to the presence of non-linear loads. A study of the variation of the equivalent impedance of the network (driving point impedance) seen from the allocation point of the respective capacitor bank, either by the variation of load during the day or by the numerous maneuvers to which the system is subjected. The results presented here were obtained from the IEEE 34-bus three-phase radial distribution network and the IEEE 123- bus network, in which the models from three different harmonic sources commonly found in real case scenarios were inserted. Finally, the convenience of the use of multiobjective routines in solving the OCAP and the importance of the evaluation of resonance scenarios in order to guarantee an adequate and safe operation of the system are highlighted.