Grau de confiabilidade operacional de transformadores de instrumentos para sistemas de energia elétrica

Abstract

Instrument transformers (ITs) such as current transformers (CTs), potential transformers (PTs) and capacitive potential transformers (CPTs) are fundamental equipment in systems involving protection, command, control, supervision and measurement related to the Electric Power System – EPS. The purpose of evaluating the reliability of substation equipment, in particular CTs and PTs, and the impact caused to the Transmission Functions (TFs) to which these equipments belong, is for better management of maintenance schedules, aiming at minimizing scheduled shutdowns, elimination or reduction of untimely disconnections and operational restrictions for the Transmission System of Pará. The choice of the ITs for this dissertation was due to the occurrence of explosions in CTs between the years 2015 to 2016, and some cases of divergences in measurements related to PTs, being that these equipments are installed in the substations belonging to Eletrobrás Eletronorte. The objective is to propose a methodology for IT control based on statistical methods that consider for both equipment (CTs and PTs): maintenance history, installation sites, different families, operating time, systemic occurrences and useful life, to estimate the degree of operational reliability of these equipments based on standard deviation, to be applied in the substations of the Regional Operation of Pará. Aiming at the reliability of complementary diagnoses and support to maintenance planning, in order to reduce the negative financial impact caused by the application of unplanned Variable Parcels (VPs) and/or operational restrictions. Assisting in managerial decisions regarding the prediction of possible substitutions of CTs and PTs that may fail, allowing the guarantee of continuity of the electric power transmission services of Pará applying the concepts of Electric Power Quality, focusing on the quality of services.