O impacto da implantação do teste NAT-HBV na Fundação Centro de Hemoterapia e Hematologia do Estado do Pará (HEMOPA), Região Norte do Brasil

Abstract

Nucleic acid testing (NAT) for virus detection during blood screening has helped to prevent transfusion-transmitted infections worldwide. In northern Brazil, NAT was implemented in 2012 for HIV and HCV and more recently, in January 2015, the screening for HBV was included and currently used concomitant with serological tests (HBsAg and anti-HBc). This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and the incidence of HBV infection among voluntary blood donors at ten regional blood centers of HEMOPA Foundation in Pará state and to compare the residual risk of transfusion-transmitted HBV infection before and after the Brazilian HBV-NAT implementation. The prevalence (restricted to FT donors) and incidence (restricted to RP donors) of HBV were calculated based on rates of confirmed positive samples. Residual risk was based on the incidence and WP model described by Schreiber and coauthors. Logistic and Poisson regression were used in the statistical analysis by SPSS v20.0. A p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. HBV prevalence in the periods before and after the implementation of HBV-NAT were 247 and 251 per 100,000 donations, respectively. Seroconversion rates were 114 and 122 per 100,000 donations in the two periods, respectively. The residual risk (RR) for HBV decreased significantly in the period after the implementation of HBV-NAT, with a reduction of 1: 144.92 to 1: 294.11 donations (p <0.001), significantly increasing transfusion safety at HEMOP Foundation, in the Northern Region of Brazil.