Katuana da Amazônia: consumo alimentar e associação com o risco cardiovascular em população urbana

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate dietary intake and its association with the risk of coronary artery disease in urban population over 30 years of age; to describe the cardiovascular risk by the Framingham score; verify the food and food groups consumed in the study population; to analyze the association between dietary intake and the high and low risk groups by the Framingham score. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out involving 267 individuals per randomized random sample from the periphery of the city of Belém do Pará. Biological samples were collected for biochemical tests and measurements of weight, height and blood pressure. A questionnaire on socioeconomic characteristics at home and a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) were used to collect information on food consumption. The consumption of food was reclassified for analysis in regular and non-regular consumption. Cardiovascular risk was calculated from clinical and biochemical data using the Framingham cardiovascular risk scale and classifying subjects into two groups: high and low cardiovascular risk. After this classification, associations were analyzed with sociodemographic, anthropometric variables and food consumption data obtained through the FFQ. Results: 22.5% of the group were at high risk for developing coronary artery disease and 77.5% were low risk, according to the Framingham score. Of the population that presented high risk, 65% were women, 91.7% referred predominantly brown or black; 68.3% belonged to classes B and C; the median per capita income was R$ 300.70; the median age was 47 years; the median number of years of study was 8 years; 65.9% had a marital relationship; 76.7% were overweight and 41.7% had increased waist circumference. Regarding the regular food consumption of the studied population, 62.9% consumed whole milk, 13.9% red meat, 50.2% margarine, 65.5% cassava flour, 8.6% soda, 10.5% skimmed milk, 38.6% beans and 15.7% consumed five daily servings of fruit vegetables. Conclusion: The present study observed that the population studied presented a fairly homogeneous diet, probably due to the similarities of purchasing power and eating habits. Thus, this study did not find statistical association between cardiovascular risk and food consumption in this population group.