Pré-despacho ótimo da geração distribuída para melhoria da operação de redes de distribuição com presença de reguladores de tensão no modo bidirecional

Abstract

Electric power systems have been significantly altered over the last few years due to the increased integration of Distributed Generation (DG) into their networks. However, despite the proven advantages associated with the growing penetration of DGs, the modification of the traditional passive nature of such networks incurs several impacts. In order for these systems to have their security, reliability and robustness characteristics ensured, many studies have been developed to mitigate the verified problems caused by this sort of generation and to maximize its benefits. Within this context, it is conducted in this dissertation the integration study of an Independent Power Producer (IPP) in a long rural feeder located in the state of Pará, which contains cascaded step voltage regulators (SVRs) and presents the possibility of switching operations with a neighboring feeder. Upon connection of the IPP, the feeder’s SVRs might be subjected to reverse active power flow by the DG’s injected power as well as by topology reconfiguration of the network, leading them to lose their voltage control capability and indicating the occurrence of runaway condition. Thus, the possible operating scenarios, comprising different SVR configurations and real load profiles, were analyzed via simulations conducted in OpenDSS (Open Distribution Simulator Software). From the assessment of these results, a pre-dispatch optimization strategy for the IPP’s DG control was proposed, aiming not only to prevent the occurrence of runaway condition, but also to help ensure adequate voltage levels and preservation of reliability of the network into which it will be integrated. Perfomance tests of the developed strategy confirmed its feasibility as a tool to mitigate the impacts of high penetration DGs on reconfigurable distribution grids that contain SVR banks.