Fontes fotográficas da Segunda Guerra Mundial no ensino de História: uma proposta de estudo para estudantes e professores

Abstract

This work aims to reflect theoretically and methodologically upon the use of photography in the teaching of History, considering the foundations of historical literacy, photography as a historical source and the production of an electronic paradidactic book (e-book) as a possibility of pedagogical tool for students of the High School and teachers. The starting point of this project was the application of a survey among the students of the High School classes of the State School Dr. Ulysses Guimarães, located in the city of Belém, Pará. The data obtained with the survey, in which the students answered questions about their preferred topics and others related to History learning, provided rich material used in analyzes and reflections about the teaching of History. In the survey, there was an indication of interest on the topic of World War II. Considering the interest shown by the consulted students and the aim of deepening theoretical and methodological studies on historical iconographic sources, the choice was to develop a study on photography in World War II in order to reflect upon the possibilities, limits and particularities of the photographic document and its potential for teaching and learning history. As well as written documents, photographs are also significant sources of information and reveal much more than a “portrait” of experienced reality. In order to analyze the documentary richness of photography, developing a methodological study of this type of source is important, and this should be based on theoretical references both from authors who approach photography and from those in the field of history teaching.