Análise espaço temporal das barragens no estado do Pará nos últimos 20 anos

Abstract

Knowledge of the location of reservoirs of water bodies is extremely important for the study and management of water resources. However, the registration of such information is mandatory for large dams, however, it is performed in a purely informative manner by most entrepreneurs, and it is up to them to correctly inform the data or simply ignore its importance. The cost of on-site registration is high, in addition to taking a long time on the part of environmental agencies such as ANA, ANM, SEMAS. In this sense, orbital images can offer maps of buslocations at low cost, covering large areas, including difficult to access. The present work has as main objective to perform a temporal space analysis through the MNDWI index, with the objective of subsidizing the registration and location of the buses in the state of Pará, which have an area of water depth greater than 3,600m², using for this purpose , 192 imagesof the Landsat sensor that cover the entire state territory. The results obtained showed a significant increase of 656% in the total number of dams in the last 20 years, mainly in the eastern region of the State. Having identified 3,704 dams in the State of Pará, however, only a total of 314 are registered on the ANA website, throughout the State. It was also identified the relationship between the largest cattle and soybean producing cities as the cities with the highest number of buses. It can be concluded that the method used proved to be efficient, since it managed to efficiently characterize the evolution of the dams over time, as well as their distribution and spatial variation, thus being able to assist in the planning of the inspection bodies in the identification of the most critical sites that need to be inspected, thus making inspection more effective and allowing better management of water resources.