Saúde-saneamento e as ações de prevenção: a Estratégia Saúde da Família em Municípios da Região Norte

Abstract

The integrated adoption of sanitation and health policies can contribute to the improvement of the population's sanitary and health conditions, reducing the number of cases of hospitalization and deaths by Inadequated Environmental Sanitation Diseases (IESD) for example. In this context, the general objective of research was examine the relationship among economic conditions, sanitation and coverage of the Family Health Strategy (FHS) and the occurrence of IESD in municipalities in the Northern, from 2008 until 2017, seeking to describe how the sanitation indicators influenced the occurrence of IESD and the relationship between FHS coverage and the occurrence of IESD. It was utilized the Theory of Policy Evaluation, aiming to evaluate the degree which the objectives and goals of a program or policy were achieved, independently of the costs involved. The municipalities of Para’s State were choosen for analysis, using the Statistical and Comparative methods, based in secondary data research on the DataSUS websites, the National Sanitation Information System (NSIS) and the Department of Primary Care (DPC). It were been chosen only municipalities had available data for the study period. Were analysed 18 municipalities, 3 for each state region. It was found that: (1) rates of hospitalizations and deaths decreased over the historical series, which lower average values in the municipalities of Mesoregion of Marajó; (2) the water supply service had little growth; (3) there was an expansion of coverage by the FHS, 11 municipalities with a service exceeding 50%; and (4) economic growth (GDP) was not necessarily accompanied by overcoming social problems, as a level of income in the municipalities did not mean that they were investing in sanitation services and / or promotion and prevention actions. Therefore, infering that although the NSIS is an important policy for expanding coverage of sanitation services in the country, the municipalities of Para still have this issue as a challenge. In turn, the FHS contributed to an expansion of the coverage of prevention and care services to the population, decreasing hospitalizations and deaths by IESD from 2008 until 2017.