Variáveis físicas, químicas e microbiológicas da água de consumo humano no Brasil: análise cienciométrica de produção científica

Abstract

Water is an essential and fundamental substance for life, whose quality is directly related to the appearance of various diseases. The water quality supplied to the population can be evaluated by physical, chemical and microbiological parameters. This study aimed to evaluate the increase in knowledge water quality for human consumption in Brazil using the scientometric method. A systematic search for information was carried out in the Scielo, Scopus, Web of Science and Google academic databases. We seek to evaluate the physical, chemical and microbiological water quality for human consumption in Brazil through a systematic literature review. We obtained 843 concatenated articles, of which 62 articles met inclusion criteria. There was an investigation of the water quality in 10 sources of water abstraction, 20 numbers of species of microorganisms were classified, being 15 species of bacteria and 6 of protozoa, were Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp, and for protozoa Giardia spp. were the most frequent. The variables that most favor the environment for the emergence of pathogenic microorganisms found in the studies were: Dissolved Oxygen (DO), hydrogenic potential (pH), Nephelometric Turbidity Unit (UNT), Electrical Conductivity (EC), Temperature (T) and Demand Oxygen Biochemistry (BOD). The Northeast region presented variables with higher values than expected, as well as the highest number of publications. Although we have detected an increase in the number of studies, some questions such as demographic aspects, socioeconomic conditions and environmental health still remain unanswered and are important questions to be considered in future studies.