Atividade citoprotetora e cicatrizante da espécie Conocarpus erectus l em lesões gástricas induzidas em ratos Wistar adultos

Abstract

The pharmacological research has been aimed at the knowledge of regional folk medicine, in order to establish the scientific bases of their respective pharmaceutical products’ effectiveness. Among the many natural sources used in our region are the species Conocarpus erectus L, popularly known as the "mangrove bud", belonging to the Combretaceae family. Different parts of the plant such as leaves, stems, fruits and flowers have their biological activity studied, among them the anticancer and antimicrobial effects. Ethnopharmacological reports obtained in the region of Salinópolis - PA also described a potential use in digestive disorders. Although a great advance in the drug therapy used in the cases of gastric ulcerationhas been made, it is important to carry out studies that prove its validity. This work aims to verify the cytoprotective activity and cicatrizing activity of the lyophilisatebark teaobtained by decoction of the species Conocarpus erectus L (LCE) in acute and chronic gastric lesions. The methodologies for evaluating the cytoprotective effect were acute lesions inducted by indomethacin and ethanol, while the cicatrization effect was evaluated by chronic acetic acid-induced lesions in adult Wistar rats. The intragastric pH variation was measured by the pylorus ligament assay. The lyophilizate’santioxidant activity was evaluated by the DPPH assay, as well as the lipid perioxide levels’ that were evaluated by the TBA-RS method in chronic lesions induced by acetic acid 5 and 10%. The results showed cytoprotective activity of LCE by the indomethacin induction model reduced the ulceration index (IU) in the treated group by 51,49%, omeprazole group by 51,33% and sucralfate group by 71,28%, all of them when compared to the controlled group. On the model of ethanol LCE’s induction, the area affected was reduced by 90.94%, and in the sucralfate’s induction group, by 75.88% when compared with the controlled group. The LCE’s healing effect reduced gastric lesions to 5% in 80.11%, while the on omeprazole group to 52.75% and the sucralfate group reduced to 66.33%, whereas in the 10% gastric lesionsthe LCE group reduced 72.11%, the omeprazole 57.47%, and the sucralfate group 43.77% (p>0,05Anova, post testDunnett'sand Turkey). The LCE treatment showed an increase of 39% onintragastric pH when compared to control (p>0,05Anova, post testDunnett's e Turkey’s) and did not statistically showed any different from the omeprazole group by the model of pylorus ligation. The LCElyophilizate’santioxidant effect was confirmed by the DPPH assay, as it was diluted in 10x, 50x and 100x with a percentage of 67.65% ± 0.52, 73.22% ± 0.17 and 72.70% ± 1.39, respectively, when compared to the ascorbic acid antioxidant of 33,74% (AA) like this (p <0.05, Anovapost testDunnett). A lipid peroxidation evaluated in the lesions obtained by the 5%-acetic-acid-induction model showed that the average MDA levels in the nave group, controlled group and treated group LCE were 0.492 ± 0.0849, 1.579 ± 0.219, and 0.399 ± 0.092, respectively, showing that the LCE-treated group was able to reduce lipid peroxidation by 74.73% in comparison to the controlled group (p<0,05 Anovapost testDunnet) and it did not statisticallydiffer from the nave group. On the 10%-acetic-acid-model the average level of malonaldehyde in the nave group, controlled group and the LCE-treated group was 0.628 ± 0.042, 1.567 ± 0.234 and 0.441 ± 0.12, respectively. The LCE treated group managed to reduce by 71.85% the lipid peroxidation caused by acetic acid induced lesions when compared to the control group (p <0.05 Anovapost testDunnet).These results confirm the cytoprotective and cicatrizing effects of LCEand suggest possible action mechanisms associated with its antioxidant potential, as well as possible acid secretion inhibition.