Do uso comum ao parcelamento da terra: as transformações territoriais em uma comunidade camponesa do Baixo Acará, Acará/PA

Abstract

This research analyses territorial changes and on a traditional farmer community called Centro Alegre, located on Baixo Acará region, Acará /PA, North East of Pará, over the past two decades. It's about an ethnographic research that was made based on qualitative and quantitative approaches, with information obtained by semi structured pools, by observing participants and historical interviews. The community estudied organized from common land use and access to natural resources. But, in the early 2000s, the community's territory is crossed by a highway and this triggers a series of transformations, including, resulting in a parceling of the communal land occupied in single-family fractions, which generates significant transformations in the group's socioterritorial organization. This research revealed that with the parceling out of the community's lands, there was a significant decrease in its territory and a process of selling land fractions started. Of the total of 13 parcels of land in which the community was divided, only three remain integral, without having been sold at least one piece. Of the remaining ten, six were broken up and had some portion sold, and four were sold entirely. Ethnographic research in the community, with observation in the form of territorial occupation, revealed that families today live in a context of strong limitations of natural resources in their plots, reaching the point that most of them have no more gardens. It was also observed that the community has undergone profound changes in social relations between the individuals that constitute it.