O diário de leitura como instrumento para a experiência com o texto literário: uma incursão pelo conto fantástico demônios, de Aluísio Azevedo

Abstract

This work discusses the contributions of the use of the reading diary to the experience with the literary text, precisely in classes of the 9th year of Elementary School. Among the objectives of this incursion, we can highlight the discussion of the relationship between literature and society, and its consequences in the school context; and present the basic concepts of the reading diary. Starting from a bibliographic research, in the light of studies on the characteristics of the literary text, reading procedures, author-text-reader relationship, among other researches in the teaching-learning field, it was possible to observe that, in a school context, the treatment given the literary text must provide, from a practical point of view, an immersion in the tenuous fabrics of the text's mesh, walking along the roads of the unsaid, of absences, of euphemisms, in short, that the reader is able to see what, through literary language, is beyond everyday actions. As a theoretical contribution to justify the relevance of the reader's experience in the face of the literary instance, the assumptions of the Aesthetics of Reception were adopted, based on the studies of Hans Robert Jauss and Wolfgang Iser. For the authors, the text provides clues to the reader, suggests, gives margins for different interpretations, through the process of perception. Based on this assumption and seeking to answer the question: Which teaching strategy would facilitate literary reading in a school context?, we chose to use the reading diary, based on the studies of Machado (1998) and Cosson (2021). For the cited authors, the diary is a form of verbal interaction, where the student registers/exposes his impressions about the text read. As an example of the use of the reading diary, as an effect resulting from the propositions raised about the importance of literary reading, a didactic sequence was elaborated having as a motivating text the fantastic tale Demons, by Aluísio Azevedo (1857-1913). As a tributary aspect of the theme addressed and the detailed construction of the didactic sequence for working with reading, it was possible to verify that the reading diary is a peculiar way of recording the reader's impressions through contact with the text object of his reading intervention, that is, through the record it is possible to create, recreate and intervene in the routing of the fictional narrative, for example; and that, from the point of view of functionality, it is practical for work in the classroom, since it makes teaching work more flexible, while the student (reader) can organize their own reading routine. Among the authors used for this work, we highlight Pound (2013), Coelho (2000), Compagnon (2010), Todorov (2009), Terra (2014), Cosson (2014), Silva (2013), Colomer (2007), Aguiar (2017), Rezende (2013), Zilberman (1991) and Dalvi (2013), Machado (2018), Pimentel (2011), Tinoco (2013), Moisés (2004), among other sources, who thought about the characteristics of literary language and its dialogic aspect within the authortext-reader triad; as well as reflections on methodologies for the development of reading competence among Basic Education students.