As práticas de produção de leite dos agricultores familiares de Paragominas-Pará e as ditas “boas práticas” de produção: caminhos e descaminhos de uma aproximação

Abstract

Studies conducted in the eastern Amazon show milk production relevant to family farming. However, the national dairy sector has undergone profound changes in the aspect of standardization of milk due to international requirements, including generating changes in the Brazilian legislation. These changes eventually push the entire industry, including this region, to meet these requirements as operational standards have been established for the entire production chain, the good milk production practices. In the first article in a systemic approach of the plant and the construction of a typology of production systems found in this region, specifically in Paragominas in Para, we analyze the activities of diversity, the difficulties of adapting the infrastructure issues to best practices; and to move closer towards the establishment level, we made a typology of the practices of family farmers in a theoretical analysis of possible adaptation. Therefore, there were observation, semi-structured interviews with key informants and application of mixed questionnaires to 60 milk producing families in 12 rural communities in the municipality, in order to grasp the main difficulties for milk production in the Amazon region. The second article discusses the influences of good practice for milk production and the difficulties of adapting these procedures the Amazon family farming. We show that the Amazon farmer is characterized by its diversity both productive and social, highlighting the regional differentiation as the application of these procedures and resulting exclusion of ignoring local contexts where they are applied. In the third article, we consider good practice an exogenous innovation and question their contribution to the innovation process of family farmers. Approached compared themes of good practices to practices developed by farmers in the region; and present a path of evolution of one of the communities studied, showing the changes in the production system and practices by important local historical events. We note that the difficulties of adapting to Good practices are beyond the lack of knowledge and lack of resources but in government actions of infrastructure and commitment to the strengthening of family farming. As the most participatory action of support to production agencies.