Parto domiciliar planejado no contexto amazônico: escolha e direito das mulheres

Abstract

This is a study from the point of view of choice and women's right to planned home birth, considering that this option has been gaining ground in the national and international scenery, as an alternative to the prevailing obstetric model, hegemonically technocratic, showing their right as the choice of form and place of delivery. The study has as general objective: to understand the factors that lead women to choose a planned home birth in the metropolitan region of the state of Pará and as specific objectives: to identify how the process of choosing women for planned home birth occurs; to analyze the information that women obtain to support the choice of planned home birth; unveil how obstetric nursing care provides the guarantee for choosing a planned home birth. Descriptive, exploratory study, in the case study modality, under a qualitative approach, where the study participants were 20 women who had a planned home birth in the Metropolitan region of the State of Pará, with the Naiá Home Birth Obstetric Nursing Team. The data were submitted to content analysis, in which three categories emerged, respectively: 1) Support to women for the choice of planned home birth, characterized by the importance of the female support network in this choice; 2) The empowerment of women as a factor for choosing a planned home birth, with emphasis on information that guarantees mastery of the decision and autonomy in the birth scenario; 3) Obstacles to ensure the choice of planned home birth, demonstrating that the shortage of specialized teams, financial factors, lack of social and family support and difficulty in accessing the SUS are the main obstacles faced in the process of choosing the PDP. Thus, it is possible to understand that the choice of women about the planned home birth in the Metropolitan region of the State of Pará takes place in the search for the valorization and validation of the female strength, a possibility subsidized by the work of the professionals of the EO Team to support and substantiate these women against their rights. Therefore, talking about PDP is talking about public health, a topic in which more research is needed to fill in the gaps on the subject.