Heteroendogenia intraurbana: reestruturação urbana e da cidade de Marabá-PA a partir de três centros e centralidades econômicas

Abstract

The objective of the research is to understand how the process of urban and city restructuring of Marabá has been taking place, through the processes of center and centrality in the socioeconomic dimensions, whose spatial scope are the three central areas of the nuclei, namely: Marabá Pioneer, Nova Marabá and Cidade Nova in the period between 2000 and 2020. Although the analysis is based on the three intraurban spatial fractions mentioned and with indicated temporal clipping, it was sometimes necessary to insert long-distance sway mentions to to substantiate the scope of the research, as well as to go back in time in order to apprehend the spatial processes that determined the formation of the Maraba territory, apprehended in the forms and even functions that still persist and coexist with "new" dynamics, establishing a dialectical relationship between the traditional-modern and its resistance, coexistence and suppression. It became necessary to insert the discussion about modernity in order to understand the manifestations of this phenomenon in space through polycentric urban centralities, that is, materiality under technical support modern production and consumption. Thus, the economic centers and centralities emerge, with their greater significance of reconfiguration in the urban fabric, for services and trade activities, interpreted as polycentrality by the technical-transnational content it carries. The phenomenon of centrality produces substantial changes in urban content, which denotes the creation and / or intensification of central areas, complexing the intelligibility of the relations of both inter scalarity and intra-urban spatial interaction. Given this reality, we carried out the analysis in order to unveil the dynamics of the three centers that promote interscalarity by the facet of services and commerce, the same factors being associated with the social factor that was used to understand the relationships of intra-urban spatial interaction, in addition to an urban subsystemic perspective, aiming to apprehend complementarities and competitiveness among themselves. In this way, we consider that the contribution of the thesis results from the set of empirical elements raised and assessed as spatial dynamics, whose results apprehend that the concepts, center and urban centrality exerts significant importance when it is envisaged to recognize the process of urban and city restructuring, through the treatment of secondary and primary data, these, obtained through interlocution through various operational methodologies applied to subjects, resident, consumer, worker, capital and state, highlighting that it is a (multi) polycentric city composed of three interrelational polymorphic inter-scale centers, that is, with its particular forms, whose spatial expression is it verifies in the urban landscape of each center and the economic centralities with their respective interbred endogenous and exogenous contents.