De Dandara a Firmina: o ensino de História do Brasil a partir de Mulheres Negras no Ensino Médio Integrado

Abstract

A single story has been told about the black population and black women in the teaching of Brazilian history, a history of invisibility and subordinate places, where black people is dehumanized and black women reduced to the conditions of mulattos, domestic workers and black mothers. This narrative is result of a conscious historical process of dehumanization shaped by the West in modernity/coloniality to generate dominance and consolidation of power. In this sense, this master’s dissertation seeks to be a response to this context, aiming at to build a narrative in the teaching of Brazilian history in light of the trajectory of five black women, Dandara, Chica da Silva, Mônica, Luiza Mahin and Maria Firmina dos Reis, mobilizing their perspectives to understand the colonial context (16h-19th century), visualizing marginalized characters and contexts and presenting the methodology and the ideas on which this experience is based, having the web system “Women Black in History Teaching” as a product of the activities carried out. This research was developed at the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Pará, campus located in the city of Paragominas, concurrently the history classes for the second year high School of informatics class, in 2018. For this, it was necessary to decolonize ways of seeing, intersectionality, gender and the scale games of microhistory were used as procedural tools, combined with student’s knowledge to understand the black women from the present and the past. The methodology used was the classroom-workshop (BARCA, 2004) where the students, after being acclimated about the contexts, they were divided into groups and had access to sources about each character, presenting in the form of a seminar its context and biography, which were used to produce the web system. Understanding the colonial past through the lenses of black women materialized and approached the history of the students' daily lives, a lot of them made an appropriation of the characters as symbolic elements for the positivity of blackness, starting to observe black women around them and their issues, in addition to analyze critically what is to be a woman and criticism of white femininity.