Escrituras indígenas de autoria de mulheres Potiguara (Brasil) e Mapuche (Chile)

Abstract

In this dissertation I propose a study in the field of resistence literature on the writings written by the women from the Potiguara (Brazil) and Mapuche (Chile) native peoples. For this purpose, this research is structured as a great tessitura formed by threads and theoreticalmethodological lines whereby the basic epistemologies support, initially, on the process of brushing history against grain, thereby, tracing the (re)made literary plot made by indigenous women thread by thread. A priori, I realize that the literatures of indigenous authorship are resistence literatures and that the indigenous literary territory-body in connection with nature is done through words in defense, as well as it remains firm in its purpose and own ideologies, even with all the impositions and subjugations engendered by the hegemonic discourse perpetuazed by the colonizer. It’s also important to emphasize that the resistence literature is a field of literary theory that studies the literatures that emerge in contexts of authoritarianism, state of exception, barbaric situation, likewise in trauma situtations, or, even, thematize such psychologycal and socio-historical conditions. Therefore, this literature sub-area configures itself as a great potential to existence through resistence, thus forming a poetry rupture of “reexistence”. Seen in these terms, I consider that the Potiguara and Mapuche women’s writings are developed by words that transcend the resistence both gender and ethnic identity. This perspective is significant on the literary corpus of this research, and enables that the scope of the dissertation is done through the expression of the fractured body of the indigenous woman, which, consequently, in resistence, it tenses through the literary production, the memory, ancestry, gender issues, ethnic identity and subjective and collective relationships with the colonial trauma. From this point of view, the literary corpora of this research is composed of the texts by the Potiguara writers: Eliane Potiguara, Graça Graúna and Sulami Katy; of the Mapuche people the texts selected were by the writers: Graciela Huinao, Faumelisa Manquepillán and Daniela Catrileo. However, I reinforce that on this dissertation, there are also references to a considerable writing production created by other writers, including even some that belong to other ethnic groups. Thus, this is a bibliografic and qualitative research developed from a descreptive analytical approach and also done through the reading comprehension of the literary texts selected for it. For this purpose, after doing the literary copora analysis, I pursued to make text snatches that were consonant to the compression of poetic aspects of the indigenous writers’ texts, on the conception of an ancient escrevivência on the development of gender identity poetries and ethnic identities, besides a perspective of the indigenous view about the colonial traumas caused by the genocidal state. Finally, taking an overview about this research, I consider that one of the most significant contributions of this dissertation is on the combination of the resistence literature to indigenous literature, because it adds to this field another literary narrative from decolonial source that goes through bodies and texts that were excluded from literary studies for a longe time.