Gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos em instituições de ensino: proposta de plano de sustentabilidade para o Campus Macapá do Instituto Federal do Amapá (IFAP)

Abstract

Higher Education Institutions (IEs), such as the Federal Institute of Amapá (IFAP), play a fundamental role in promoting sustainability and environmental management, especially in relation to solid waste. The growing production associated with the increase in educational activities in IEs has generated the need for effective management, as guided by Law No. 12,305/2010. However, IFAP's Macapá Campus does not yet have a formal Solid Waste Management Plan (PGRS), highlighting a gap in the structuring of local environmental policies to control and adequately dispose of waste. Faced with this scenario, the central research question was: “How to implement a PGRS on the Macapá/IFAP Campus to comply with current legislation and promote institutional sustainability?”. Based on the hypothesis that the adoption of a PGRS directly contributes to institutional sustainability and to meeting legal requirements, the study defined as its objective the elaboration of a PGRS proposal for the Macapá-IFAP Campus. The theoretical framework covered studies on environmental management in educational institutions and applicable legal regulations, highlighting the National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS) and Decree No. 10,936/2022, in addition to NBR recommendations for waste. The methodology was divided into three stages: survey of current waste management practices on campus, quantitative and qualitative analysis of the waste generated and formulation of strategic actions to comply with legal guidelines. As a main result, the PGRS proposal outlined procedures and goals for integrated waste management, covering everything from segregation at source to final destination. The analysis revealed the need for educational interventions to raise awareness among academics and promote waste reduction practices, as it was identified that the campus produces an average of 83 kg of waste daily and 1,627.93 kg monthly. Finally, it is concluded that the PGRS is an essential instrument for IFAP, with the potential to optimize institutional waste management practices and strengthen socio-environmental responsibility, contributing to the creation of a sustainable culture in the academic community.