Antenas compactas de microondas de banda larga e banda ultra-larga (UWB)

Abstract

In the last years, with the sprouting of new services and devices for the system of mobile communication that have large bandwidths of operation band frequency and occupying small volumes, the development of new antennas of broad bands and with reduced dimensions if became one of the main challenges of the research in the field of antennas. In the present work, two structures of large bandwidth antennas and dimensions reduced had been analyzed and optimized. In the first part, the wire built-in folded monopole antenna (W-BFMA) was investigated and optimized in different feeding impedances. For modeling of antenna structure W-BFMA the numerical method of moments (MoM) was used, and for its optimization the methods: parametric, hill climbing and genetic algorithm (GA) were used. Computational programs based in the Matlab language had been developed for modeling, optimizing, and generation of the main characteristic curves of the antenna. In the second part, two different configurations of planar monopole antennas using the technology ultrawideband (UWB) had been investigated and optimized with the aid of commercial program CST - Microwave Studio. Both UWB antennas had been fed by a line of microstrip in the impedance of 50Ω. The UWB antenna with the small return loss was constructed and measured experimentally. The main characteristic curves of the antenna as return losses, gain and radiation patterns had been analyzed. The simulated results had been compared with the measured results.