Avaliação dos fatores de risco associados à transmissão do HTLV-1 e do HTLV-2, em doadores de sangue, na cidade de Belém do Pará

Abstract

In order to define the epidemiological profile of the Human T-cell Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV-1 and HTLV-2) among inapt blood donors population, at the HEMOPA Foundation, in Belém, state of Pará, we analyzed 113 epidemiological forms, related with risk factors associated with these retrovirus transmission, among carriers and noncarriers of HTLV. We observed that 76% (n=50) of the inapt blood donors were infected by HTLV-1 and 24% (n=16) by HTLV-2; 62% (n=70) of the carriers were male and 38% (n=43) were female, with a tendency of infection in this gender (p=0,007). The risk factors which exhibited significant results were: have received blood transfusion (p=0,0003), more specifically to HTLV-2 (p=0,02); have been breastfeeding from non-mother (p=0,006), more specifically to HTLV-1 (p=0,04); have been submitted to surgery (p=0,01), discriminately to HTLV-1 (p=0,03) and HTLV-2 (p=0,04); share blades/shavers (p=0,02), more specifically to HTLV-1 (p=0,02); do not use condoms during sexual intercourse (p=0,0003), discriminately to HTLV-1 (p=0,001) and HTLV-2 (p=0,002). Despite of the diverse stages existing in the process of selection of blood donors, which the main objective is to eliminate potentials candidates carrying transmissible blood diseases, in special of chronic and asymptomatic course, exist bias that disable an exempt process of fails.