Estudo por PCR em tempo real de três polimorfismos em genes envolvidos na resposta imune em pacientes infectados por Plasmodium vivax da população de Belém-PA

Abstract

The malaria is an infectious disease and reaches approximately 40% of the world-wide population in more than 100 countries and is a serious problem for public health. The citokynes are important molecules in the immune response and act through the stimulaton or inhibition of the activation, proliferation and or differentiation of cells, besides regulating the secretion of antibodies and other cytokines. In this work we investigate three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) that can influence in a greater or minor synthesis of cytokines TNF-a and IFN-g. In relation to the malaria, the polymorphisms already had been associated with the severe malaria, cerebral malaria and severe anemia and also with other infectious or auto-immune diseases and cancer. Had been enclosed in this study eighty one (81) patients with Plasmodium vivax malaria (first infection) and one hundred and thirty (130) healthy individuals, both of the population of Belem - PA. The frequencies had been searched through the allelic discrimination technique by real time PCR and the results had been compared between the two groups investigated. Clinical parameters had been used to try to associate a bigger gravity of the malaria manifestations and the presence of the polymorphism between the patients group. The frequencies had been similar between the two studied groups. The TNF-238*A allele did not show relation with none of the clinical parameters while the TNF-376*A was related with minor plasmatic levels of TNF-a and with minor intensity of the symptoms. The patients carrying the IFN+874*T allele had presented minor intensity of the parasitaemia. Thus the gotten results do not indicate association of the polymorphisms with malaria in the studied population, but yes with some of the clinical parameters investigated, and can assist futures studies to try to clarify as the mutations in the genes of cytokines can influence in the occurrence and the clinical evolution of the malaria and of other infectious and parasitic diseases.