No Fútila, no Mayombe: modernidade, desenvolvimento e riscos no tempo de paz em Cabinda - Angola

Abstract

In this study, the relation of contradiction integration between two towns of Cabinda, province of Angola, is put into question, with activities of exploration of natural resources such as crude oil and wood. Futila village, nearby Malongo oil field, where oil activities are concentrated under Chevron-Texaco leadership. And the town of Buco-Zau immersed in a region next to the Forest reserve of Mayombe. Modernity, development and the risk are prioritized as the main concept in this study. And as a broader context, the reconstruction of Angola after the peace agreement, post civil war in 2002, when conception of development and that of modernization are perceived, the stimulus of an economy guided by interests of exportation of primary goods such as crude oil and wood, even though the strong appeal of so called sustainable development. Placing a constitution of Angola while the country is integrated in the process of modernity, since the Portuguese colony through thirty years of overcoming the civil war, started after the conquest of independence in 1975, reflection was sought about meaning, for the population who suffered directly from exporting enterprises, adoption of the development model synonymous of the economic growth in governmental actions to the reconstruction of the country. Affected so much by exclusion, evidence was sought of which way is better to promote life, if it is to resist by opulence, effectively to force those population to overcome the constraints imposed upon them, of cultural order, social and political, such as environmental, in relation to activities of exploration of natural resources. On other hand, it also aimed to perceive the meaning of environmental requirements in strategies of legitimating undertaken in activities of exploration of natural resources, in order to mitigate adverse effects in the social and environmental that involve them. In conclusion, features were clearly the face of disintegrating local ways of life, based in fishing, small agriculture and collection, under the risk imposed by exportation activities, therefore without, considering the integration of the point of view of development such as substantive freedom, this is, in a sense of propitiate to those populations a worthy conditions of life, to perform strategies including politics of collective knowledge and the valorization of other rationalities more suited to a social reappropriation of nature.