Estudos de geradores distribuídos de grande porte conectados ao sistema elétrico via conversores cc-ca aplicados ao projeto de estabilizadores de sistemas de potência

Abstract

This thesis presents a study to develop linear models suitable for conducting stability studies in interconnected electrical power systems that include large utility-scale inverterconnected power stations. To that end, an extended Heffron-Phillips-type model was developed for a study power system consisting of a utility-scale inverter-connected power source and a synchronous generator, both of which having similar power ratings and being interconnected to a larger power system (infinite bus bar). Due to the presence of the distributed generator and associated current regulating control subsystem, the extended model presents a set of signal channels originating at the current regulation subsystem of the distributed generator and arriving at the torque summing point of the synchronous generator. By performing a large set of computational tests, for a wide range of operating conditions, the relative importance of these new channel gains were assessed. It was found that the gains associated with the direct paths have a predominant influence on the contribution of the distributed generator for both synchronizing as well as damping torques actuating on the synchronous generator shaft. Furthermore, the values of these path gains prove to be negligible when the generation level of the distributed generator is rather reduced. This observation allowed for performing further model simplifications in order to obtain a more suitable model for Power System Stabilizers (PSS) design for such class of power systems. In addition, new formulae are proposed hereby which allow for estimating the values of the synchronizing and damping torque coefficients as a function of the active power generation level of the distributed generator. For the test power system, a PSS damping controller was designed by using the developed simplified model. Subsequent ly, the PSS performance degradation has been investigated for a large set of operating conditions, The results showed considerable PSS performance detuning for those operating conditions corresponding to increased generating level at the distributed generator in comparison to synchronous active power generating level. Supplementary computational tests were performed to evaluate potential adverse interacting effects between the PSS and the proportional and integral (PI) control of a TCSC FACTS device in the area. It was found that moderate values must be chosen in order not to substantially reduce the system stability.