2015-02-252015-02-252013-12-18SANTOS, Sheila Silva dos. Síntese e caracterização de materiais híbridos (PCHs e Organoargilas) com aplicabilidade na adsorção de fenol, benzeno e tolueno. Orientadora: Vanda Porpino Lemos. 2013. 68 f. Tese (Doutorado em Geologia e Geoquímica) - Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, 2013. Disponível em: http://repositorio.ufpa.br:8080/jspui/handle/2011/6343. Acesso em:.https://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/6343This study evaluates the use of smectite from Acre/Brazil as a precursor in the synthesis of Porous Clay heterostructure and organofunctionalization with mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTS-Arg) and applicability of these materials as adsorbents for phenol, benzene and toluene in the liquid phase. The synthesis of PCH involves the following steps: preparation of organoclay with hexadecyltrimethylammonium (HDTMA-clay); it increases the basal spacing (d001) of organoclay using the co-surfactant octylamine and concomitant addition of a source of Si, such as tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) , washing with HCl in ethanol and drying at 60 º C (PCH-60 A and B); calcination at 500 ° C and 700 ° C (PCH 500 A /B and PCH 700) by removing the surfactant / co-surfactant and subsequent replacement of these organic substances by protons that remain on the walls of galleries SiO pillars to new treatment perhaps held at PCH. The material MPTS-Arg was obtained from the intercalation of the original clay with mercaptopropiltrimetoxisilano stirring for 1 h (MPTS Arg-1) and the original clay pre-treated with HCl 1 mol L-1 and stirred for 2 h (Arg-MPOS 2).The materials (clay original HDTMA-Clay, PCH-60, Arg-PCH-500/700 and MPTS) were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy coupled to X-ray spectroscopy and energy dispersive (SEM / EDS), molecular absorption spectroscopy with Fourier transform IR (FTIR), thermal analysis techniques (DTA_TG) and textural analyzes, such as specific surface area measurements (ASE BET, ASELangmuir), total pore volume (TPV) and average pore diameter (APD). Additional characterization by nuclear magnetic resonance in solid coupled to mass spectrometry (NMR-MAS) was conducted for the PCH-500 A. In the experiments adsorption of phenol, benzene and toluene were used aqueous suspensions containing adsorbents of the separately adsorbates. The equilibrium concentrations of phenol, toluene and benzene were measured by molecular absorption spectroscopy in the ultraviolet region, as accepted method is applied in other adsorption studies. We obtained the following results: identification of smectite clay minerals in natural clay with basal spacing of 1.25 nm; intercalation of HDTMA and MPTS with expansion of d (001) to 1.95 nm (HDTMA-Arg 5) and 2.1 nm (MPTS Clay-1h). After modification was observed by EDS analysis a decrease of the concentrations of elements Na, Si and Al (%) and the increase in interlayer positions concentration C. The 29Si MAS NMR spectrum of the PCH A-500 showed signs of chemical center Q3 Si (OSi)3OH and Q4 Si(OSi)4 indicate that the formation of silica in its structure. The PCHs (60 and 500 A) were classified as mesoporous, with ASE BET between 417-446 m2 g-1 and total pore volume (cm-3 g-1) = 0.367 to 0.369. Increasing calcination temperature of 500 to 700º C PCH (PCH 700) provided decrease in SBET (305 m2 g-1) and average pore diameter (0976 nm). It was found from the evaluation of the measures of pore diameter at 700 PCH that 46 % of the measurements correspond to micropores. The adsorption process obtained values for KL (mg L-1) , KF (mg L-1) and qmax (mg g-1) in the following cases : (i) adsorption of phenol (1.40, 2.26 and 3.80) and toluene (145, 18.7 and 135) in the PCH- 500 , (ii) adsorption of benzene (0.33 , 41.49 and 69.81) in PCH 500 B (iii) in toluene adsorption MPTS-Argila 1h (1.06 , 118.9 and 146) and MPTSArgila 2h (2.1 , 92 and 97) , (iv) adsorption of phenol (0.07, 4.44 and 12.48 ) and benzene (12.11, 4.95 and 35.8) in HDTMA-Arg 5, respectively. The data on the characterization of the materials indicated that the formation of PCH caused a large increase in the concentrations of Si and decrease in the concentrations of Al, Fe and other elements due to delamination - exfoliation of smectite original. It was verified that the materials are most suitable for the adsorption of toluene and benzene to phenol.porAcesso AbertoGeoquímicaArgilaEsmectitaPorous Clay Heterostructure (PCHs)OrganoargilaAdsorçãoFenolBenzenoToluenoPCHsTeseCNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::GEOCIENCIAS::GEOLOGIA::GEOQUIMICA