2018-01-022018-01-022017CRUZ, Ana Vládia Holanda et al. A ditadura que se perpetua: direitos humanos e a militarização da questão social. Psicologia: Ciência e Profissão, Brasília, v. 37, n. spe., p. 239-252, 2017. Disponível em: <http://repositorio.ufpa.br/jspui/handle/2011/9353>. Acesso em:.1414-98931982-3703https://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/9353The present article is a theoretical study about the permanence and spread processes in the social body, regarding the security policies, of the elements that were forged in the long history of our Brazilian territory, from the time of the colonial invasion, emphasizing the contradictions in the military-business dictatorship, and the contradiction between the militarization of the social question and the struggle for the guarantee of human rights today. From the reflections of critical or radical criminology and the analysis of the role of sciences in a materialist-historical and dialectical perspective, this study sought to highlight the processes of construction of the figure of the internal enemy today qualified as “delinquent”, as well as the unfolding of the constitution of processes of criminalization in certain modes of sociability and subjectivities. In this sense, it is understood that psychology, as a science and profession, has the task of positioning itself before the expressions of social inequality, seeking to unveil the historical determinations and the relation with the totality from which emerge such contexts.Acesso AbertoDitaduraDireitos humanosArtigo de PeriódicoCNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA::PSICOLOGIA SOCIALhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-3703180002017