2017-05-052017-05-052017-01-12URTIAGA, Luisa Maria Viegas Becerra. Fisiologia térmica e vulnerabilidade dos lagartos da Amazônia (Reptilia: Squamata) frente às mudanças climáticas. 2017. 102 f. Dissertação (Mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Pará, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém, 2017. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia.https://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/8311Is predicted that the global warming drive the Earth to an increase of temperature of almost 4.8°C by the end of the XXI century, what may negatively affects the distribution of lizards species, considering that they are ectotherms and depends directly on the environmental temperatures to regulate their body temperatures (Tb). This animals usually present as compensatory response to the thermal stress the restriction of activity time in refuges, to minimize the risk of death by overheating. It is believed that the species’ vulnerability would be inversely proportional to Tb and to the number of hours of activity restriction in refuges (Hr), and directly proportional to the maximum environmental temperature (MET), what means that both heliotherm and thermoconformer lizards should be vulnerable to the climate changes. There are little information available in literature about the biology of Amazonian lizards, although it is the most biodiverse region in the world and house about 210 species of lizards among all its extension. Therefore, the first chapter of this work had as goal to synthetize the knowledge on thermal physiology of these animals and incorporate unpublished data on thermal preferences for some species, besides to characterize their thermoregulation mode and recover the phylogenetic relationships among the characters. The second chapter, in turn, analyzes the persistence/absence status of 29 species, with projections to 2050 and 2070, in order to verify if their vulnerability is in fact associated to Tb, Hr and MET. Fourty-five studies reporting Tbs from 62 species were found, and additional data on Tb, as well as unpublished data on thermal preferences, were collected among 13 localities of Amazonia, encompassing several phytophysiognomies of the biome. Were obtained data on preferred temperature (Tpref), minimum (Vtmin) and maximum (Vtmax) voluntary temperatures and tolerance zone (critical thermals, Ctmin and Ctmax) for 33 species, and performance data (Topt) for 10 species. Tb, Tpref and Vtmin present low phylogenetic signal (K<1), and all variables are correlated, with exception of 1) Topt, which does not present correlation with Ctmax, and 2) Ctmin, which only correlates with Topt. Although shows significant statistical differences, heliotherms and thermoconformers present thermal characters intercalated in the scale of values, demonstrating a continuum between the extreme thermoregulation modes. The use of a species distribution model that mix environmental and physiological data to calculate the potential distribution of species in the present and future, considering a realistic scenario of greenhouse gases’ emissions, allows the verification of the persistence/absence status on 29 species of Amazonian lizards. Three of them, all heliotherms, presents a projection of territorial expansion by 2070. The other 26, presents a projection of reductions in their occurrence area, with heliotherms presenting lower mean values of Hr and higher mean values of Tb than thermoconformers. Has not been verified any pattern of vulnerability related to thermoregulation mode, and the majority of the species present low Tb and/or Hr, agreeing with the hypothesis that relates vulnerability to Tb, Hr and MET. Other eight species were also modeling, but they present issues in the calculation of the potential distribution and thus were not included in the vulnerability analysis. These species are being evaluated by the model’ developers to possible adjustments. Lastly, if the forecasts concretizes, the high occurrence restrictions recovered by the model can reflects a potentially high extinction risk of the species. The result is worrying, even considering the model limitations, and reinforces the need of conservation policies that take into account the effects of climate change on fauna, as well as further studies aimed to improving our understanding about the consequences of the global warming.Acesso AbertoZoologiaBiogeografiaFisiologia térmicaComportamento animalAnimal ectotérmicoLagarto (Animal)AmazôniaDissertaçãoCNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ZOOLOGIA::FISIOLOGIA DOS GRUPOS RECENTESCNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ZOOLOGIA::COMPORTAMENTO ANIMAL