Desenvolvimento de um programa de ações estratégicas para a gestão integrada dos recursos hídricos da bacia do rio Marapanim – Pará

Abstract

The present work analyzes the water resources management process of the Marapanim river basin, contextualizing the political, legal and conceptual framework of integrated management and the participation of society in national and state water resources policies (Law nº 9.433 / 1997 and Law No. 6,381 / 2001). With the guiding question: what are the main and necessary strategic actions to support Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) in the Marapanim River basin? The main objective of the research was to identify the root causes of 04 main problems (governance, water contamination, deforestation and change in land use) that hinder the process of management and conservation of natural resources in the Marapanim River basin, proposing the development of a Strategic Action Program (PAE). The research results were obtained through interviews with actors who relate to the studied theme, who identify the main problems affecting the basin and outline strategies to face them. The PAE is a guiding instrument and is based on surveying the opinions and proposals of the different actors involved in the water resource management process, which identify the main problems affecting the Marapanim basin. The PAE gathers the economic, social and environmental characteristics of the basin and establishes strategies and priorities for actions that encourage scientific research, the strengthening and promotion of agreements and regulations that contribute to the sustainable development and well-being of the local population. The construction of the PAE in the Marapanim basin had as main reference the work developed by the Amazonian countries, members of the Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization (ACTO) who developed a PAE for the Amazon basin, through the Global Environment Facility Project (GEF) Amazonas (2006 to 2016). It is concluded that there are still many challenges to implement an efficient management of the basin; the lack of state and municipal environmental management investments and initiatives in actions aimed at professional training and environmental education hinder the efficient management of water resources in the region.