Conflitos socioambientais, desafios e possibilidades da gestão compartilhada: o caso da Reserva Extrativista Marinha Mestre Lucindo, em Marapanim-PA

Abstract

This paper analyzes socio-environmental conflicts, limits and possibilities in the context of the shared management of the Marine Master Lucindo Extractive Reserve (RESEX), in the municipality of Marapanim. Among the general aspects of RESEX, one that deserves to be highlighted is its recent creation, a factor that allowed monitoring from the embryonic stages of management. RESEX does not yet have a Management Plan in place, which provides the opportunity to suggest intervention techniques, and reinforces the relevance of the research. This work presents an article that discusses RESEX's socioenvironmental conflicts. In this article, the main socioenvironmental conflicts verified were overfishing, degradation of mangroves, predatory extraction of crab, extraction of wood in mangrove and dry land areas, improper disposal of solid waste, fires, accumulation of solid waste in rivers and streams, and land conflicts. With that, the bases were created to deal with the second article, which deals with the limits of shared management considering the existing conflicts. At this stage, the analyzes were restricted to the Deliberative Council, since this is the main instrument of shared management. The result of the reflections in this article pointed out that the limitations of shared management in the RESEX are: inefficiency of the information system among the majority of councilors, low level of participation of the population, difficulty in mediation regarding the interests of the members of the Deliberative Council, weak communication between the RESEX communities and the implementation of the Integrated Management Center (NGI). From these results, it was possible to think of techniques to be suggested in order to better deal with these limits. The techniques aimed at increasing social participation, income generation opportunities, strengthening interrelationships and partnerships between Council institutions, training and awareness of all those involved, increasing the dissemination of information about RESEX, encouraging communication between communities, with an emphasis on those furthest from the city center, encouraging organization and proactivity, in addition to the search for continuous improvement.