Acordos de pesca como instituição social de governança dos territórios de pesca em prol do manejo sustentável dos recursos pesqueiros: o caso de Limoeiro do Ajuru-PA

Abstract

Fisheries agreements arise from the mobilization of fishing communities that create rules in common agreement to conserve fishing resources in their territories in order to guarantee income and food security, in addition to strengthening social ties between individuals. This work aims to analyze the process of creating fisheries agreements, especially their implications as mechanisms of territorial governance for local development in the municipality of Limoeiro do Ajuru, exposing fishing in its symbolic aspects and cultural. This work is a case study in the Prainha fishing agreement located in the municipality of Limoeiro do Ajuru-PA. First, an extensive bibliographic survey was prepared. The field research was exploratory. For data collection, interviews and participant observation techniques were used. The interviews were conducted with individuals working in the fisheries agreements and with members of the communities where the agreement is in force, and the method of key informants was used. It was intended with the interview, to know: how they see the fisheries agreements; whether the creation of the agreements brought benefits; if they have contributed with the fish stocks; what are the positive and negative points; where they can improve. It was observed that the fisheries agreements act as a social governance institution for the fishing territories since the fishing communities are mobilized and create rules in common agreement to safeguard the fishing resources in their territories. At the end of this study, it was noticed how the fishing agreements positively influence the fishing territories, acting as a mediator of conflicts in the fishing territories, as an empire of the fishing communities by giving voice and power of action to the local subjects who can create rules that will manage fisheries resources. And, mainly, by guaranteeing the sustainable management of fishery resources, always guaranteeing the availability of stocks and maintaining the food security of riverside dwellers. In addition, the agreements must be expanded beyond the fisheries aspects. They must cover other aspects such as the management of solid waste in rivers, the issue of fishing in the streams, illegal hunting, among others, as these are actions of relevant importance because all these topics mentioned are intertwined with fishing practice. This is because the fishing activity is not something isolated from the other activities in the riverside space, but it is necessary for that. However, it is necessary for the municipality, state and federal government to be present with the fisheries agreements to help them in their consolidation.