Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Trópico Úmido - PPGDSTU/NAEA
URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2294
O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Trópico Úmido (PPGDSTU) pertence ao Núcleo de Altos Estudos Amazônicos (NAEA), da Universidade Federal do Pará. O NAEA existe desde 1972, quando foi concebido como uma unidade de Pós-Graduação e de Pesquisa Interdisciplinar voltada à análise da dinâmica social, econômica e ambiental da Amazônia. No plano institucional, tinha a finalidade, enquanto instituto interdisciplinar, de propiciar a integração da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) em suas diversas áreas de conhecimento, além de iniciar propostas de integração de pesquisas e ensino de pós-graduação no plano internacional, principalmente no que diz respeito à Pan-Amazônia.
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Adoção e difusão de inovação no estado do Pará: uma análise a partir do sistema regional de inovação (1995 - 2006)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007) CRUZ, Adejard Gaia; CAMPOS, Índio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9134366210754829In an economical context, where intangible factors, like innovation and learning assume a increasing importance in the productive process, the regional innovation system becomes an important instrument of economical development.. The state of Pará reveals an economy seated in the primary production, with low technological intensity and low competitiveness. In order to demonstrate the innovative capacity of the state of Pará in the optics of its regional system of innovation, the research analyses the processes of adoption an diffusion of innovations in three different sectors. Further, investigates the relationship among productive sectors, the university and the public politics of S&T. In spite of the existence of an important institutional arrangement of R&D, the interaction absence among the agents restricts the generation, diffusion and adoption of new technologies, denoting a reduced regional innovative capacity. That condition is worsened by the fragility of the public politics of S&T, configuring a deformed and disjointed regional system of innovation.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Arranjo produtivo moveleiro da Região Tocantina(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006-05-25) GOMES, José Ribamar; CAMPOS, Índio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9134366210754829The present work seeks to analyze the economical development of the section productive moveleiro of the Tocantina Region of the State of Maranhão in the perspective of your formation as the structural and evolutionary characteristics about the Small-Scale Companies (PMEs), to the learning processes and innovations, as well as the existence of experience in cooperation among the constituent companies of the referred arrangement place.The industry of wood pieces of furniture was selected for this work, among other reasons, because it is inserted in the section of forest base amazon, with preponderance of PMEs with strong relevance in the employment creation and income in the area. Until the decade of 80, denominated area tocantina it was characterized as a great forest reservation and for the existence an enormous number of companies in the extraction and wood improvement that it caused the shortage of that natural resource. This process culminated with the transformation of some remaining sawmills in saw-mill/joinery, saw-mill/movelaria and factories of pieces of furniture. Then, the way suigêneres of the appearance of the tocantina industry moveleira.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Diversidade e estilos de agricultura: uma análise a partir de dois assentamentos, induzido e tradicional, no Estado do Amapá(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-06-05) MARINI, Jose Adriano; CAMPOS, Índio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9134366210754829There is a duality in agricultural settlements of the State of Amapá. On one side are seated with little or no tradition in agriculture, allocated by public agencies in areas of native forests distant regional centers of consumers. Are the settlements induced by social demands. On the other side are the traditional family farmers, whose families live in areas colonized since the colonial period. Here, the actions of INCRA is summarized demarcating land already occupied. The land use in the induced settlements follows the current model in the rest of the state. After the extraction of timber and firewood production, the remains are burned. Follow the "fields" of cassava, economic base of all properties. The research problem is presented as a need to identify and understand the social and environmental phenomena associated with poor socioeconomic development of induced settlers, whose main symptom is severe impoverishment and subsequent evasion of lots. The reference point of this analysis are the family farmers of induced rural settlements in the State of Amapá, their agricultural practices and their interactions with the environment in which they live, as opposed having the traditional settlements of the State of Amapá. Tacit knowledge acquired and improved over successive generations in Traditional Settlements led to the practice of production systems in harmony with the local environment, preventing soil degradation and taking advantage of natural conditions of soil fertilization. The lack of this, coupled with the lack of collective learning experiences, questions the continuity of agriculture induced settlements in the State of Amapá.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Limites e condicionantes à expansão da soja em Mato Grosso e no complexo MAPITOBA: uma abordagem utilizando econometria espacial(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-09-12) PESSOA, Ruben Eurico da Cunha; CAMPOS, Índio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9134366210754829This thesis aims to analyze the determining factors of soybean expansion in Mato Grosso and MAPITOBA complex. It was found that a relationship exists spatial dependence inside producers mesoregion. The spatial dependence is represented by the attempt agglomeration of polygons (soy municipalities producers) around one or more attributes that makes that particular region. This is possible in the case of soybeans, when conditioning factors necessary for production are present, namely: a) Soil and relief; b) Requirements climate like water, light and temperature; c) Infrastructure and logistics for delivery of inputs and pesticides, as well as the run off of production; and d) Financing of production. In the presence of these conditioning factors is possible the expansion of soybean production. Soybean producers states such as Mato Grosso and those belonging to the conglomerate MAPITOBA hold about 48,8 million hectares of savanna coverage in his clenched, which corresponds to 64.55% of the quoted physiognomy of the entire biome. Thus, there remain 26,8 million hectares (35,45%) of this type of coverage that can sustain the growth of the planted area in the coming years. Corroborating the possibility of expansion were estimated coefficients of elasticity of the largest soybean producing that unity through spatial econometric models. The water availability in the Cerrado is dependent on the large amount of water vapor formed in the Amazon Biome. The intensive use of irrigation by means of pivots in crops, expansion of biodiesel production from oil certainly will raise the demand for water resources in any production region and can compromise the water supply to users and their multiple uses in agriculture if there is no efficient resource management in river basins of the Cerrado. In the medium term, agribusiness depends on water availability in the Cerrado and the Amazon ecosystem services for the cultivation of soy and its expansion in the producers regions.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Manejo florestal comunitário em unidades de conservação na Amazônia: uma avaliação de impactos na Resex Verde para Sempre - PA e na RDS Rio Negro - AM(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-06-02) MARIN, Tany Ingrid Sagredo; CAMPOS, Índio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9134366210754829The community forest management (CFM) for timber extraction is considered an important instrument to increase income and forestry sustainability among traditional local users who live in protected areas in the Amazon region. However, there is little evidence that this tool has brought social benefits to their users. The present research aims at identifying the social and economic impact of the introduction of two CFM programs: Projeto de Apoio ao Manejo Florestal Sustentável (ProManejo) at Verde para Sempre Extractive RESERVE and Programa Bolsa Florestal (PBF) at Rio Negro Sustainable Development Reserve. An effectiveness evaluation has been performed, considering the following dimensions: (i) objective, expressing the change of income and its composition between the ex-ante and expost periods; (ii) substantive, which measures changes in livelihood standards, such as housing, infrastructure and access to consumer goods; and (iii) subjective, which describes users’ perception regarding economic variables (income and monetary benefits), social factors (availability of social services) and environmental variables (deforestation decrease). The research can also be classified as a quasi-experiment utilizing three types of research strategies: bibliographic, documental and fieldwork. The latter included the application of a structured questionnaire through personal interviews with householders, which has enabled the researcher to know 53% of program users at Verde para Sempre Extractive RESERVE and 63% at Rio Negro Sustainable Development Reserve. The evidence shows that both initiatives brought mainly positive effects, particularly through income increase and deforestation decrease. Regarding livelihood standards and the overall program performance, the study indicates better results at Rio Negro, due to PBF’s participative approach and the continuity of program, which has no end date.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Passivo ambiental de nutrientes e matéria orgânica na agricultura empresarial de Mato Grosso(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-04-24) GOMES, Vallência Maíra; CAMPOS, Índio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9134366210754829The intensive exploitation of soils of Mato Grosso-Brazil savanna, associated with inadequate farming techniques has taken to an increasing and noticeable soil degradation. As a result, grows among the large farmers of Mato Grosso the adoption of the no-tillage system. The environmental chemistry and agronomy allied to ecological economics and environmental management provide the interdisciplinary basis of this study, which aims to estimate the environmental liability of nutrients and organic matter of the soil in the mato-grossense savanna from the perspective of the economic viability of different soil management systems. After the identification of areas in which the environmental costs were or were not incorporated, was made the economic-financial feasibility analysis, considering the different types of management. The results point to a segmented reduction of environmental liabilities in areas where no-till farm system is adopted. However, in the short term, higher profitabilities is still combined with less sustainable traditional management techniques. However, other externalities are still associated of the no-tillage not addressed in this study, such as more intensive use of herbicides and insecticides, which may compromise its environmental results.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Pecuária e agroindústria de exportação na Amazônia: dinâmicas e perspectivas(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-08-09) SILVA, Leonela Guimarães da; CAMPOS, Índio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9134366210754829This research aims to analyze the recent dynamics of the livestock in the Amazon. The arrival of agribusiness export is promoting a livestock revolution in the region, in terms of technical changes to provide raw material with quality and competitive prices. But the biggest change can occur in the ecological area wich involves the activity in the region, where the export agribusiness is represented by the companies JBS, Bertin, Minerva, Marfrig and Independence, this companies respect the international requirements in their beef production and they’ve received the centification of “legal” product, without giving rise to the deforestation. The result may be a reduction in the deforestation and a increase in the productivity through adoption of new Technologies in the livestock. Key-words: Livestock in the Amazon. Large agroindustrial capital. Recent dynamics.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Política de incentivos fiscais do Estado do Pará: uma abordagem neo-institucional e neo-schumpeterina(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-09-11) OLIMPIO, Silvia Cristina Maia; CAMPOS, Índio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9134366210754829Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) A Produção familiar de commodities em Mato Grosso(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-12-18) RODRIGUES, Marcos; CAMPOS, Índio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9134366210754829Soybean is the most important Brazilian agricultural product, highlighting Mato Grosso as the largest national production of this commodity. This activity in Mato Grosso has some characteristics as predominance of large farms, high capital investment, high productivity and strong coordination among the agents of the productive chain. Although historically these characteristics have excluded family farmers from soybean production, it is possible to identify these farmers in the rural area of Mato Grosso, raising the question of how they are able to overcome the limiting conditions for soybeans production. This study aimed to analyze the mechanisms of insertion of family farmers in North of Mato Grosso in the soybean supply chain. A questionnaire was applied with small family farmers in six municipalities in Mato Grosso to gather information about production, profitability and institutional practices. With an exploratory factorial analysis, it was possible to identify the factors that correlate institutional practices, also was performed the Productive Technological Index of Family Agriculture (ITPAF) with the factors scores, which analyzed the variables that most interfere in the technological adoption and profitability of the family farming soybean production. The results demonstrated that the economic viability of soybean production in small family farms is achieved with institutional practices that complement the technical improvements technologies. The presence of two markets, one for trading used machinery between farmers and other of contract services of harvesting, allows the reduction of investment in an essential machinery in soybean production, the harvester. Other mechanisms such as Rural Product Certificate (CPR), contracts of future sale and commercialization of soybean to the biodiesel program help the viability of production by providing credit, reducing exposure to risk and adding new markets for soybean negotiation. ITPAF has shown that farmers have moderate adoption to institutional innovations, requiring the diffusion of knowledge in supply chain, mainly with public policies of rural extension. Within family production, although economies of scale still influence the production of commodities, in general small farms can develop the commodity production and provide income to families. Identify institutional mechanisms that contribute to the production of soybean in family farming allows them to be disseminated and improved in the institutional environment, through public policies, consequently promoting rural development.