Teses em Química (Doutorado) - PPGQ/ICEN
URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/4047
O Doutorado Acadêmico pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química (PPGQ) do Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais (ICEN) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA).
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Estudo de eletrocatalisadores de PtRu, PtRuRh e PtRuPd obtidos por modificação no Método Borohidreto de Sódio para eletro-oxidação de metanol e etanol(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-01-25) ANDRADE, Flávio Vargas; SOUZA, José Pio Iúdice de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1448978342555218PtRu, PtRuRh and PtRuPd electrocatalysts supported on carbon has been widely studied for electro-oxidation of methanol and ethanol. Among different possibilities of preparing these electrocatalysts is the method of reducing with sodium borohydride. For the catalytic activity is optimized, it is necessary that the electrocatalyst is distributed evenly. One possibility is the use of complex precursor salts, including those with amine linker. In this work, we tried to assess the effect of adding an ammonium hydroxide solution (NH4OH) the solution of precursors. The electrocatalysts were characterized physically by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). For the electrochemical characterization, the techniques of chronoamperometry and cyclic voltammetry were used. The results of EDX showed that the compositions of the electrocatalysts were very close to the nominal composition. The crystallite size and the lattice parameter obtained by XRD showed changes with the change of the method. The TEM results show a homogeneous distribution more particle on electrocatalysts preparations with the addition of NH4OH solution 4 mol L-1 although this is not be determinant in electrocatalytic activity. Nos electrochemical testicles, as chains were for standard electro-oxidation of CO and load monolayer for the mass activity and compared this way. The cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry results showed different activities paragraph an electro-oxidation of methanol and ethanol. The results of DEMS electrocatalysts trimetallic of PtRuRh and PtRuPd showed different amounts of products and volatile. This way possible and establish an activity order these electrocatalysts.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Estudo de suportes alternativos de carbono ativado de biomassa para aplicação em células a combustível de álcool direto - DAFC’s(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-08-05) SILVA, Marconiel Neto da; SOUZA, José Pio Iúdice de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1448978342555218This work deals with the synthesis, characterization and catalytic activity of electrocatalysts Pt and PtSn supported on activated carbon biomass with high surface area, obtained by carbonization and chemical activation of carbonaceous material at different temperatures and concentration of the activator chemical. The series under study are BSC (obtained from the shell of Brazil nut, Bertholletia excelsa) and BO (obtained from bur fiber Brazil nut). The electrocatalysts were synthesized by ethylene glycol via reduction method. The physical characterization was performed using the techniques of X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy X-ray (EDS), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The electrochemical behavior of the catalysts for the reactions of electro-oxidation of alcohols was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry by using the technique of ultrathin layer electrode. To compare the catalytic activity of electrocatalysts used to normalize currents through the mass of metal contained in each electrode. The activated carbon biomass showed good electrical capacity 52 to 550 g F-1 and high specific area 1030 to 3154 m2 g-1 which gave good dispersion of nanoparticles on the material support. The chronoamperometry measures in acid ethanol solution, show higher catalytic activity for Pt73Sn27/BSC800K5R; Pt72Sn28/BO600K3 and Pt57Sn43/BSC600K1F. Already in acidic methanol solution electrocatalysts Pt86Sn14/BSC800K5; Pt72Sn28/BO800K5 and Pt57Sn43/BSC600K1F showed the best catalytic responses.