Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental (Mestrado Profissional) - PPGESA/ITEC

URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/16530

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Laboratório virtual de bombas hidráulicas para aprendizado de hidráulica aplicada ao saneamento
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-05-07) SANTOS, Yara Cristiane Fonseca; SENA, Manoel José dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2349287816857909
The curves that characterize the behavior of a pumping system are usually studied in physical laboratories. However, there are limitations regarding the parameters that are usually varied in such conditions. The use of virtual laboratories can expand the experiments conducted in physical laboratories in such a way that a better understanding of the effect of varying the parameters can occur. Examples of such parameters include length, pipe diameter, pipe material roughness, fluid viscosity, and the height difference between the lower and upper tanks. In this paper, the development of a responsive design virtual laboratory for a pumping system is described. This virtual laboratory can be used on PC computers, tablets, or smartphones due to its responsive graphical user interface. The equations used to simulate the behavior of the laboratory are the conservation equations, considering the equality between the manometric head provided by the pump and the pressure drop observed in the system. To account for pressure drops, the Darcy-Weisbach equations are used, with friction coefficients defined from the Colebrooke-White equations. The conservation equations are then solved numerically using the bisection method. The results are displayed graphically in the virtual laboratory. These results are the pump head, pressure losses, efficiency and driving power. All of them are as a function of the flow rate. The operating point is calculated and presented graphically. The variables are changed using sliders. The laboratory was tested with students of a Civil Engineering course. The results of a survey conducted with these students showed the effectiveness of the laboratory in promoting a greater understanding of the concepts studied. Most of the survey participants stated that they had greater knowledge of the pump curve, the system pressure loss curve, the pump efficiency curve and the pump driving power curve. This showed the usefulness of plotting these quantities as a function of the flow rate. A greater understanding of the influence of parameter variations was also perceived by the analysis of the survey results. In addition, the tests indicate directions for future developments
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Simulação do uso de bombas com velocidade variável em processos de saneamento
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2025-02-07) TRINDADE, Rafael Pinheiro; SENA, Manoel José dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2349287816857909
The pursuit of energy efficiency and sustainability in sanitation systems motivated this study, which investigated the use of variable-speed centrifugal pumps (VSCPs) in water supply, sewage systems, and urban drainage processes. The main objective was to develop a computational tool to simulate the behavior of these pumps under different operational conditions, comparing their performance with constant-speed pumps (CSPs). The methodology included mathematical modeling based on hydrodynamic similarity laws and the implementation of a C++ algorithm, validated through comparison with reference data. Twenty one scenarios were analyzed, varying the initial flow rate (Qₘ) from 200 to 800 m³/h and the flow variation amplitude (Aq) from 20 to 60 m³/h, over 24-hour periods. Results demonstrated that VSCPs are significantly more efficient at low flow rates (Qₘ ≤ 400 m³/h), achieving energy savings between 19% and 43%. However, at higher flow rates (Qₘ ≥ 500 m³/h), variable-speed operation became less advantageous, resulting in increased energy consumption (up to 154% in extreme cases). The reduction in power consumption at low-speed regimes, combined with the flexibility to adjust flow rates without throttling losses, justifies the adoption of VSCPs in systems with fluctuating demands. It was concluded that variable-speed technology is feasible for energy optimization in specific contexts, particularly in sanitation applications with moderate demand variations. The developed tool enables the analysis of real-world scenarios, supporting technical decision-making and education in sanitary and environmental engineering.

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