Dissertações em Educação (Mestrado) - PPGED/ICED

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2319

O Mestrado Acadêmico pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação (PPGED) do Instituto de Ciências da Educação (ICED) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA).

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Adolescentes em conflito com a lei: memórias e trajetórias de vivências na escola
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-09-03) MONTEIRO, Regina Fernandes; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6009592378453661
This study aims to uncover the memory of school adolescents in conflict with the law and measures that meet the Foundation for Children and Adolescents of Pará in Internment Unit Socio-Val-de-Dogs. The intention is to trace through the discursive statements of these subjects, their inroads into the educational environment and thereby identify what made them leave school early and / or submit their curricula in a high rate of repetition. The questions guiding this study are: What factors contributed to these teens leave the educational environment so early? To what extent the school and social exclusion were factors relevant to the involvement of adolescents with violence and crime? How committed to the training of school adolescents in conflict with the law, taking into account the school's role in the formation of the subject? Using the guiding questions that the study is to identify network Meanings are involved in these questions. The sample included the participation of 18 adolescents aged 12-17 years old in high school first grade of primary education up to 8th grade of elementary school, born in Para State, fulfilling socio-educational measures for the infraction that will damage to public property (Art. 163) the robbery followed by death (Art.121 / c Art. 14). Was used as instruments to collect data to semi-structured interviews and documents donated by the Foundation, as the records with personal data and monitoring of each teen. The corpus of research has been analyzed by the following issues-issues: School, Family, Violence and Crime, Interpersonal Relations and Future Prospects. The theoretical basis for data analysis follows the design of Bakhtin on the network of meanings and authors that discuss aspects related to the themes. Used for such authors as ROSSETTI and Ferreira (2004); ARROYO (1997); BOSSA (2002); CORDIO (1996) and Vygotsky (2000); PINTO (2002), among others. In this perspective, the goal was to find correspondence with the principles and criteria that could contribute to the foundation of this analysis, promoting interaction between different forms of knowledge production, especially from the data presented to the process of schooling of these subjects, once that contributed to failures, school failures, gaps, and often for truancy.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
As culturas infantis no espaço e tempo do recreio: constituindo singularidade sobre a criança
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-03-30) SOUZA, Ana Paula Vieira e; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7901626430586502
This research had as objective to investigate the infantile cultures in the recreation and followed the partner-historical line that the child understands as subject description and social producer of culture. I objectified as main focus to apprehend the infantile cultures of the children of the public school of the city of Belém by means of the emission of discursivos statements in its schedule of recreation, the cultures produced in the current universe of infancy. The discursiva boarding was the perspective adopted in the invetigação process, therefore it allowed to infer the meaning and sensible that the children attribute to the pertaining to school time destined to the recreation; to historiar as the time of the recreation was being established for the Brazilian legislation, in a general way, and for documents of the State of Pará and the city of Belém, in particular. 93 children had participated of the study in the etária band of 09 the 11 years of the series 3 and 4 of Basic Ensino. I used as instruments of retraction of data the exploratória comment and the questionnaire. The analyses had been organized in 07 thematic axles that had emerged of the statements of the children. It arrives in port it theoretical for the analyses of the collected data was based on the historical perspective and the dialógicas teorizações of Mikhail Bakhtin on speech, interactions and the constitution of the citizen. The theoretical beddings on the infantile infancy and cultures had come of Sarmento and Pinto, Steinberg and Kincheloe, Quinteiro, Kramer. The statements of the children disclose to the direction and meaning of the recreation as moment to play it, the games, the colloquies, time of diversion, pleasure and satisfaction. The cultures infantile gifts and produced by the children in the recreation are the tricks, the games, the television, the Internet, the reading, among others. Moreover, the data point practical of entailed interactions to the infantile work and activities of learning in the pertaining to school context. For some children it is time to be without making nothing, is all equal one, time to be sad. The children disclose the interactions with the adults as to talk with the guard and the Belinha teacher. Therefore, the recreation is a magical space and must have its independent time of the schedule of merenda pertaining to school.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Assistência e a educação de meninas desvalidas no Colégio Nossa Senhora do Amparo na Província do Grão-Pará (1860 -1889)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012) SABINO, Elianne Barreto; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6009592378453661
This research aims to rescue the social and educational history of the Colégio Nossa Senhora do Amparo, a public institution that cared for children in the poor province of Grão- Pará, in the period 1860 to 1889. Created to educate, house and educate poor girls, that institution was founded on a politics of sanitization and establish order in the province of Pará, because many children lived and slept in the streets, alleys and slums. Thus, the questions that guide this study are: What significance the institution Colégio Nossa Senhora do Amparo was to society in Pará period 1860-1889? What educational purpose, political and social had with the maintenance of the Colégio Nossa Senhora do Amparo? What conception of childhood helplessness is present in the documents of the Colégio Nossa Senhora do Amparo? What educational activities have been implemented in the Colégio Nossa Senhora do Amparo? To try to answer these questions the main objective of this study is to understand the instruction given in the Colégio Nossa Senhora do Amparo for the helpless children in the province of Grão-Pará between the years 1860 to 1889. Therefore, from this main objective we will: (1) understand the significance of education for underprivileged children in the province of Grão-Pará between the years 1850 to 1889, the Colégio Nossa Senhora do Amparosociety to Pará, (2) verifying the conception of childhood helplessness in the documents of the Colégio Nossa Senhora do Amparo, (3) examine the educational activities implemented at the Colégio Nossa Senhora do Amparo in the instructions for underprivileged children. The corpus of the research covers approximately six hundred and sixty documents that were raised in the Arquivo Público de Belém and the Biblioteca Pública Arthur Vianna (CENTUR), from which we selected, for hours, the documents refer to the Statute of 1868, the Internal Rules, 1869, reports from the ombudsman's College, an application for admission and resignation of the college girls and others. The analysis will give the light of history Cultural theorized by Chartier, who understands how cultural practices not only produce a text, or a mode of teaching, but also the ways in a society, how men live, eat, dress, talk and keep silent. The data reveal that this college was creating as provincial as to sanitize the city and prevent the girls hanging around the streets stay helpless and so it was possible to give them a primary training activities with reading, writing, calligraphy, arithmetic and grammar, and moral and religious guidance. There was also a domestic education for underprivileged girls when they leave the Amparo could get a "good" marriage. We also note that the college operated a pedagogical model disk with severe punishment.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Concepções de infância e educação nos discursos do periódico a escola – revista official de ensino do pará (1900 a 1905)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-01-19) OLIVEIRA, Michelle Araújo de; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/600959237845366
Esta investigación tiene como objeto de investigación los discursos sobre niño y educación para la niñez presentes en los textos del periódico "A Escola - Revista Oficial de Enseñanza" que fue publicada en Belém do Pará en los años 1900 a 1905. Siguiendo en las líneas de investigación en Historia de la niñez y en Historia de la Educación en la Primera República, el trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar, discursivamente, la concepción de niño y de educación para la niñez presentes en estos discursos. Para ello, se seleccionaron, para el análisis, textos de los géneros Texto de Opinión y Poema que apuntan a discursos sobre niñez y educación. Se elaboró un inventario - apéndice- que presenta los años de publicación de la revista, los géneros encontrados en las secciones y una descrición de estas. Para un mejor análisis de esos discursos, se crearon cuatro categorías cuyas temáticas se encuentran presentes en las ediciones recogidas y en una mayor ocurrencia: niñez y papeles sociales; la niñez, el patriotismo y la formación ciudadana; la niñez y la familia; y la niñez y la escuela. Fueran seleccionados para la fundamentación teórica sobre História de la niñez y de la educación en la Primera República – contexto en que se pasa esta investigación – teóricos como Ariès (1981), Rizzini (2011), Gondra (2000), Kuhlmann Jr. (1998; 2001; 2002), Saviani (2008), entre otros, y para la fundamentación teórica sobre los impresos educacionales , teóricos como Nóvoa (1997), Caspard (1981), Fernandes (2008) , Chartier (2009) entre otros. Además, esta investigación hizo un análisis del discurso a partir de la perspectiva analítico-discursiva de Mikhail Bakhtin (1997; 2002; 2006) cuyos resultados apuntaran para una concepción de niñez y de educación para la niñez en un momento en que ellas eran vistas como el futuro ciudadano de la sociedad moderna que necesitaba de cuidados.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A criança indígena nos estudos acadêmicos no Brasil: uma análise das produções científicas (2001 – 2012)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-09-04) ARAÚJO, Sheila Alves de; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6009592378453661
This paper examines the conceptions of Indigenous Childhood in academicians present studies produced in Brazil. Contributions to this study, it was considered as a guiding question: what conceptions of Childhood for the various indigenous ethnic groups in academic productions in Brazil in the period 2001-2012? The overall objective was to investigate the conceptions of childhood to the various indigenous ethnic groups present in academic productions in Brazil in the period 2001-2012, aimed (1) to identify and map these conceptions of indigenous children in different ethnic groups present in academic productions; (2) describe the process of education of indigenous children in several Brazilian indigenous ethnicities; (3) address the cultural practices of indigenous children mentioned in these studies; (4) discuss the relevance, progress and limits of such studies to the understanding of indigenous children in Brazil. The methodological path followed for the development of this study was bibliographical whose source Dissertations and Theses collected on the portal of CAPES in the period 2001-2012 on indigenous children. For the purpose of systematizing the corpus of analysis of this study and facilitate understanding of the material, the theses were organized into three themes: (1) ethnic conception of indigenous children; (2) cultural practices of indigenous children; (3) Indigenous education. From the choice of themes, it was thought in categories that could facilitate the understanding of the methodology chosen for this dissertation. Was then chosen for each thematic axis a category, namely: (1) Freedom; (2) Play; (3) Indigenous education (traditional school). Regarding the categories, it was possible to realize how important it was to mention them in this study because it allowed us to understand them well to bring out the rich arsenal that emerge when studying the conceptions of childhood linked to freedom, play and education. Such conceptions allowed us to have a new look about childhood in indigenous societies, from advances / limits. The results also showed that studies of childhood and / or indigenous child is incipient, particularly in the state of Pará and this is due to the fact that local researchers have not yet awakened the interest in the topic in question, and list some possible reasons for this "no interest": lack of motivation of researchers in this area, the inclusion of these studies in various areas of knowledge that are not necessarily in the field of education and poor access communities. We also noticed that the productions performed in our region on the theme Indigenous children are computed at the source of the researchers who come here to study it in leaving the North in the limit of production on indigenous children. Moreover, there is an urgent need to investigate the childhood and / or children living in the most diverse indigenous societies. Here is a challenge to be overcome and attempt to understand the child's world and your logical thinking to reality, learning as complex and full guy, so their perceptions of everyday village, school, family, rituals and symbols constitute themselves into a task of paramount importance.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A criança na fotografia: o retrato da infância na primeira metade do século XX em Belém do Pará (1900 a 1950)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-10-31) NASCIMENTO, Sebastião Valério Silveira do; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6009592378453661
The present study aims to examine the childhood photograph of children in the city of Belém do Pará in the first half of the twentieth century. Therefore, the research focuses on the importance of photography as a historical document that reveals multiple meanings; matter, especially its potential as language or representative of childhood and of a conception of childhood scenario built in the city of Belém do Pará, which comprises the first half of the twentieth century. The photograph is a historical source, is an image / document. In the case of photos for the family album, has a record of family history and family member, not necessarily to be within an album, but only to present such characteristics as literally reveal the ways and circumstances in which the family or part of it is photographed. Have photos of children in magazines, are displacements of the photos that were usually produced for own family's interest to put them on their albums, however, were also used as a means of promoting family loose inside publications in journals or periodicals of the first decades twentieth century. Usually accompanied by a message discursive bringing the "name" of the family. The photograph allows almost everyone (not just the wealthy) can become object-image, or a series of images that depict moments of their lives. In this case, the images found in albums of school celebrations are proof of that: photographs of children exclusively and for commemorative purposes with some annual events present in children's educational leisure. The photograph could be taken as an equivalent of individual and collective memory, with the image of a fixed time, apparently, was "clipped". The photograph of children in journals and family album is a way to understand and meet the social, cultural and educational childhood in the Amazon because the images can reveal many indexes about a family and, by extension, society : their rites, ways of life, affection and ideals. The research corpus is composed of photographs of children archived in the Library Arthur Viana. For further theoretical about photography and image utilize Dubois, Kossoy, Benjamin, Fabris, Milk, Mauad, Burke and Fischman. As for reading about childhood highlight Rizzini, Del Priori, Freitas, and Kulmman. In the context of the reality of the Amazon privilege the following authors: Bezzera Neto and Sarges.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Discurso sobre violência contra a criança nas notícias do jornal “Folha do Norte” em Belém do Pará: perspectiva de educação no início do século XX
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-05-31) VIANA, Carmeci dos Reis; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6009592378453661
Concerned with the themes of Childhood, Violence and Education, I seek in this Master's Dissertation to investigate violence against children, through the discourses present in the Folha do Norte newspaper at the beginning of the 20th century in Belém do Pará. as a guiding question of the study: "What discourses / practices of violence against children are presented in the Folha do Norte newspaper in the early 20th century in Belém do Pará?" In order to promote the debate on a subject so relevant to the understanding of construction of the child subject and his childhood in Bethlehem we brought as general objective: To analyze the situations of violence against children in Belém do Pará at the beginning of the 20th century and its relation with the social, educational and cultural context of the period investigated. As for the specific objectives we have: (1) To identify the typology of violence against the child that was registered more frequently in the News of the Journal; (2) To reveal the discourses that are related to violence and to the education of the infancy in the investigated sources; (3) Elucidate how the culture of violence perpetrated against the child affected age, gender, and socioeconomic status; (4) Understand that discourses on violence against children and early childhood education related to the social, political, economic, cultural and educational context of the time. This documentary research has the corpus constituted by specific subjects of the phenomenon of violence against the child, in the Folha do Norte Journal, in the first decade of the twentieth century. The theoretical reference used as input for the analysis of the collected data is based on the theorems of Mikhail Bakhtin on discourse. From this work, we realized that the newspapers of the time built a discourse about the child and / or about violence and its relationship with the child. And that these senses are representative of the nationalist, hygienist and progress ideal that defended themselves at the time.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Os discursos de egressos acerca da construção e escrituração da dissertação acadêmica do programa de pós-graduação em educação da UFPA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-10-04) SILVA, Márcio Oliveiros Alves da; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6009592378453661
This Research Working held scientific arguments about the issue of Construction & Rewriting Academic Texts. The research object is the Construction & Rewriting Dissertations Academic of alumni of the Graduate Institute of Science Education, Universidade Federal do Pará. The problems that affect the object of research is that - What are the difficulties and Metacognitive Strategies encountered during the construction process and Bookkeeping Academic Dissertation in Speech Student Alumni Program Graduate Education in UFPA? And as a range of action we intend to investigate the discourse of students who graduate from the difficulties encountered and the metacognitive strategies during the course of construction and bookkeeping Academic Dissertation. Consequently, this goal uses of theoretical and methodological analysis of Bakhtin's Dialogic Discourse (1992,2003), which breaks it into a quantitative approach to map the data through the closed questionnaire online and a qualitative approach to identify the interviews ( in character - narratives) the difficulties and metacognitive strategies found throughout the construction process and Bookkeeping Academic Dissertation in the text of discourses Students Alumni and later run the crossing of quantitative and qualitative data to analyze the process of Academic Education. So the study gives the opportunity to demonstrate through evidence the process of the exercise of intellectual experiences in the Graduate level that constitutes Dialogism by the speeches of former students regarding the field of discursive work Academic Dissertation. Methodologically, the research was developed from three data collection instruments: documents, questionnaire and interview. The results are analyzed according to Bakhtinian discourse. The results indicate that graduating students during the stages of construction and writing of the academic dissertation showed up as difficulty the act of understanding theoretical discursive formations, they spent a long time to elaborate on the writing theoretical discursive formulation and suggest more opportunities on research experience.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Os discursos do jornal impresso O Liberal sobre violência escolar em Belém (2001-2010)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-10-26) SILVA, Lívia Sousa da; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6009592378453661
This study investigates the discourses of print media (newspaper), about school violence in Belem, in the period 2001 to 2010. Before this initiative, it points to the following guiding question of the study, namely: What (s) meaning (s) and direction (s) of school violence produced in the speeches of newspaper "The Liberal" in Bethlehem, in the period 2001 - 2010? With the objective of: a) to investigate the meanings and feelings produced by the newspaper "The Liberal" in Bethlehem, in the period 2001-2010, (b) identify the recurrence of stories about school violence in the newspaper "The Liberal "in Bethlehem, in the period 2001-2010, (c) verify that discourses are materialized in newspaper" The Liberal "in Bethlehem, in the period 2001-2010, about school violence, and finally, (d) identify the list of images with the discursive construction of the newspaper "The Liberal" in Bethlehem, in the period 2001-2010, on school violence. And since starting the assumptions of documentary research, the corpus of exploratory research consisted of two hundred sixty (260) news stories, raised by the Public Library Arthur Vianna (Centur). From this corpus of 260 news stories, we consider twenty (20) journalistic pieces, to form the corpus of analysis of this dissertation, which stands out for its explicit treatment and named school violence. The analysis will give the light of theory / Bakhtinian discourse analysis, for which, all discourse is imbued with ideological intentions, which gives meaning and direction to media messages. The examination of the findings provided us conclude that the number of publications of parts with explicit content on the approach of school violence is very small compared to the period studied. It was also found that the newspaper "The Liberal" has a position on school violence that seeks to consolidate when the approach through the appropriation of witness statements and scientific discourse. It was also found that the web of news stories analyzed discursive basically combines ten elements often, which makes up about assessments that go beyond the senses and meanings, whose plot, the image works as a participant of the movement of enunciation that, in the same way shows the figure of the student as the main actor of violent incidents in school and the phenomenon as a police and security features. In this sense, it is expected to contribute to a critical appreciation of the media in their own dimensions for construction of public debates, as well as an understanding of school violence in the context of its publication.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Educação infantil e cultura lúdica: um olhar sobre a prática pedagógica das professoras da Escola de Aplicação da UFPA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-05-03) MOCHIUTTI, Solange; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6009592378453661
The purpose of this work is to investigate the pedagogical practice of the teachers of child education of the School of Application of the UFPA has as focus of practical inquiry. The research looks for understand how time and the space are constituted to what concerned the ludic activities of child education and inquires which are the possibilities of the pedagogical practice of the teachers can offer from the manifestation of ludic situations. Considering playing as a basis of research the as social phenomenon, incursions had been carried on in the field of Sociology, chiefly in Benjamin (2002) and Brougère (1995, 1998) who characterize playing essential activity in the cultural and social development process of the child and in the contribution from Social Historic Psychology, chiefly in the works of Vygotsky (1984), Leontiev (1978), Elkonin (1998) who understand playing as a activity/need of the human being, considering the ludic situation the main source of the development and the most important activity of the child. This work refers also to the works of Kishimoto (1990, 1993, 1994, 1997, 1998b, 2001), Friedmann (1990,1996), Oliveira (1992), Campos de Carvalho; Rubiano (1994), Wajskop (1995, 1996) and Faria (1999a, 1999b), which focus the analysis of issues relating to the time and the space in the child education from the perspective of the child and the valorization of the ludic culture in the pedagogical practice. This work is a qualitative research, have approached social historic as guide of investigation and utilized the direct observation, inventory-questionnaire and the pedagogical project of the child education as an instrument to collect data. Such sources did allow the identification the presence of ludic daily activities in the institution. There are moments in the routine reserved to the entretainment, besides spaces and proper material for this purpose. There is also an understanding towards the organization of available spaces which may enrich the imaginary aspects of the ludic, artistic and creative. However, such procedures are used in a second plan in the pedagogical practice, considering that priority is driven to school-work activities. The homogeneity and the uniformity comprehend a great part of the format and the dynamics of the works there, performed, establishing in time and space rigidly institutcionalized by the school model. Therefore we must to reconsider this severe teaching and learning model, so that we may put the small child and its especificities and singularities as the main goal of all activity. This implies in the understanding of the ludic culture as social and cultural expression of the child and, as such, cannot be placed at a secondary position in the child education, rather to be included as a privileged activity and an excellent educative factor.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A infância em processos judiciais em Belém do Pará: da criminalidade aos discursos jurídico-assistencialistas para a educação do menor desvalido (1890-1930)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-02-08) CORRÊA, Liliane da Silva França; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6009592378453661
The present study aims to analyze childhood in legal proceedings in Belém do Pará, based on the problem of crime, from the perspective of legal-assistentialist discourses for the education of underprivileged children from 1890 to 1930. Cases of minors: Joaquim Manoel da Silva, 13 years old, and Manoel dos Santos, 16 years of age, accused of various crimes. The judicial process is inserted in the context of the socioeconomic transformations of Belém in the passage from the nineteenth century to the twentieth century, which contributed to the increase of crime in the capital of Pará, due not only to the commercialization of rubber, but also to the project to modernize the city of Belém and of a new educational proposal of justice for poor children involved with crime in Brazil. However, this proposal was fostered in a work oriented education model, whose initiatives were based on the understanding of the alliance between Justice and Assistance, inserted in the philanthropic model logic, aiming at the moral sanitation of the society to focus on the poor, abandoned child ; and in the first code of Minors "Mello Mattos", implemented in 1927, thus enabling the system of assistance and protection for underprivileged minors. Thus, the questions that guide this study are: What discourses are present in the judicial processes of minors, Joaquim Manoel da Silva and Manoel dos Santos, on crime in Belém do Pará from 1890 to 1930? In view of this central question, we propose to raise some specific questions: What senses and meaning in the discursive statements are present in the judicial processes of minors, Joaquim Manoel da Silva and Manoel dos Santos? What ideological formation is contained in the discursive statements of the victims, witnesses and curators in the judicial processes on child crime in the capital of Pará? What is the educational proposal for the underprivileged minor in Republican Brazil from the legal-assistance discourses? In order to try to answer such questions, from the main objective of this study, I intend to: 1 - identify the meanings and meanings in the discursive statements present in the judicial processes of minors, Joaquim Manoel da Silva and Manoel dos Santos; 2 - to point out the ideological formation contained in the discursive statements of the victims, witnesses and curators in the judicial processes on child crime in the capital of Pará and; 3 - analyze the educational proposal for the underprivileged minor in Republican Brazil from the legal-assistentialist discourses. Child crime was directly linked to poverty, abandonment of the family, the demographic explosion and the modernization project of the city of Belém, which looked at the social, economic and political convergences and divergences that occurred in several capitals of the country, contributing to the emergence of less criminal. Against the Pará elite, which emerged in the Belle Époque, there was a population of poor children assigned to commit vagrancy, vagrancy, and theft crimes. The corpus of this research encompasses two judicial proceedings, collected in the archive of the Memory Center of Amazonia and belonging to the documentation of the Court of Justice of the State of Pará. The analysis of this corpus was thought from the Discourse of Bakhtin, where it was possible to identify the senses and meanings that constituted the case records based on the Penal Code of 1890.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A infância nas páginas de jornal: discursos (re) produzidos pela imprensa paraense na primeira década do século XX
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-03-27) PINHEIRO, Welington da Costa; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6009592378453661
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A infância pelo olhar das crianças do MST: ser criança, culturas infantis e educação
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-10-27) MORAES, Elisangela Marques; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6009592378453661
Researches on children in Brazil have pointed toward a new way of looking at childhood, bringing the child as a legitimate actor and not just a subject of investigation. Children to live in a context of a social movement like the MST have in your life the marks of the struggle for land and agrarian reform, which influence their ways of being. Look for the child of the MST is to see it as a being who participates in the ―organicidade‖ (forums of deliberation) of MST. Therefore, children create spaces of organization and mobilization. In this sense, I question: What are the senses and the meanings of childhood in the speeches of the children in the settlement ―Mártires de Abril‖ of the MST? The survey was conducted in ―Mártires de Abril‖ settlement MST, located in Mosqueiro, a district of the city of Belém. To collect the survey data, I used workshops and group interviews with the children of the settlement. In all 23 children participated in workshops, these workshops had as objective to approach me the children and create a climate of confidence for interviews. The interviews involved 13 children aged between 06 and 11 years, called by the collective movement as the ―Sem Terrinhas‖ (Landless children). The interview was divided into four sessions. The reports of the interviews were transcribed and organized into seven thematic categories. As a benchmark analysis I support the notion of sense and meaning that are expressed through language and are related to the formation of the self in a socio-historical perspective, based on Bakhtin. The survey results shows the different looks that Children of the settlement ―Mártires de Abril‖ have on childhood: they see childhood as a time of play and be children in the MST is experiencing a playful experience of participating in a movement that struggle for rights of the excluded. Children of the settlement talks about their space structural: about the domestic space, they tell us the relationship with the adults in your family is built with great care, but also with the contradiction of authoritarianism; in respect to the space structural of production, the work takes another dimension in space of the settlement, as a time of learning and participation in community life; and in respect to the space of citizenship, school is far from being a place where the right to play is respected. The children’s cultures are produced by children from the settlement in their peer relationships through play, which emphasizes space is important for the enrichment of play culture, whether on the beaches, the creeks and trees. The children of the settlement still tell us that television influenced their lives, their schedules and their way of life to act. Finalized the text indicating the characteristics that make playing the way through which children can act on the world and effectively exercise their right to participation.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Instituição Pia nossa Senhora das Graças: assistência e educação de crianças pobres, órfãs e abandonadas em Belém (1943-1975)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-03-29) CALLOU, Maria Lucirene; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6009592378453661
This research aims to identify and analyze the relevance assistance, philanthropic and educational of the Instituição Pia Nossa Senhora das Graças in attendance poor children, orphans and abandoned in Belém. For this is intended to: 1). Identify and analyze the purpose political, educational and the religious IPNSG; 2) Highlight the educational practices and assistance for the attendance poor childhood; 3) Relate the partnership actions that the institution held to remain active in the assistance and education of children’s.; 4) Characterize the profile of children seen in IPNSG; The study is located in the field of history of the educational institution, it will be reviewed by the bias of Cultural History of Roger Chartier, who sees social relations through practices and representations. The research is documentary, was used as historical sources clippings newspapers, minutes of the institution, balance sheets, statutes, reports, children admission sheets, photos and testament of Ilda Martins, who treated on the institution. After mapping the content of the matters discussed in the documents, the following categories of analysis for this study were elected: Institution, Childhood, Assistance, Education and boarding school. The origin of IPNSG happens with the creation of Antoniana Youth Association (1943-1949), linked to the Order of Friars Minor Capuchins and becomes institution in 1950. The institution promoted many religious campaigns and attempted to raise funds for the construction of the poor child's home in Belém. It was found that from as 1959 start attendance of children in boarding school and finished the construction of the building in 1961. Initially the institution assisted boys and girls of different ages, gave primary education, Christian religious teachings, shelter materials and household education only for girls. We found that the institution remained active partnerships with Department of Education, LBA, FBESP, FUNABEM, FUNPAPA, politicians and businessmen. From 1967 onwards, the service in boarding is meant only to girls and day school for both sexes, was offered primary education, household education, spiritual support and material. The institution came at a critical time in Belem, where public health was precarious and poverty was recurrent social condition among resident families in the city Belém. Like this, the boarding school for many families was the solution to that poor children receive protection and education The Instituição Pia Nossa Senhora das Graças based on Christian doctrine, worked for educate and protect children of the abandonment, orphanhood and poverty.
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Memórias (in)visíveis: narrativas de velhos sobre suas infâncias em Belém do Pará (1900 - 1950)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-07-01) DUARTE, Antonio Valdir Monteiro; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6009592378453661
This research looks into the infancy in the city of Belém of Pará state, in the first half of the last century (1900 1950). The intention is to understand the reality of the children who lived in an epoch full of great transformations in the economic, political, social and cultural levels. The city of Belém lived, at that time, one of the most prosperous moments of its history, due to the large rubber production, which posed, until the end of the XIX century, as one of the most commercialized and exported products of the country. This way, the study aimed at understanding the historical context, especially, in the first half of the XX century. The rubber apogee led the city to a surprising development, being even compared to the big European cities. However, all the modernizing project carried out in the city brought consequences and contradictions, which were made worse by the decreasing of the rubber economy, contributing considerably to the differences between the emerging elite, which made use of all the services offered in the city, and the less favored class, that was kept aside of all the process. In this scenario, we meet the child who started to be seen as a subject of rights. Nevertheless, little was done to guarantee that those rights would be respected. In order to understand the infancy in this period, narratives were taken from the elderly ones who were selected accordingly to the following criteria: They should be aged from 80 yrs. Old, have lived their childhood in the city of Belém, have both physical and psychological conditions to remember and narrate their infancies. The narratives were decisive to understand, for example, aspects of the familiar composition that, at the time, were characterized by respect, obedience and, above all, by the imposition; the relationship of the child with the public space; the arrival of the child to the school to study, despite the difficulties imposed by a under formation system; the alternatives of leisure found by the child, the politics of assistance to the abandoned child; among others. Besides authors who discuss and carry out research upon the oral history such as Thompson, Alberti, Bosi, Vidal, we dialog with others from the area of the infancy such as Kramer, Tozoni-Reis, Demartini, Rizzini, Arriés, and, also in the area of historiography and Amazon history such as Sarges, Figueiredo, Salles, Mendes, among others. Finally, the research preferred narratives which, in constant dialog with the theoretical references, were the lead thread of the construction of the history of the infancy in the city of Belém.
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No colo da ama de leite: a prática cultural da amamentação e dos cuidados das crianças na Província do Grão-Pará no século XIX
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-07-15) GUTIERRES, Damiana Valente Guimarães; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6009592378453661
The present study deals with the cultural practice of breastfeeding and care of children by wet nurses in the Province of Grão-Pará in the nineteenth century. The wet nurses had an important role in the symbolic, social and cultural life of the private patriarchal society-slavery in Brazil in the nineteenth century. In the Province of Grão-Pará was recurrent hiring wet nurses to breastfeed and care for children. The central question that guided the study was: What is the presence of wet nurses in the childhood history of Pará, especially the cultural meanings, social and emotional life of the child in the Province of Grão-Pará in the nineteenth century? The research objectives were: a) identify the source of wet nurses and their importance to the history of childhood, b) describe the history of breastfeeding and speeches health doctors on the care of the child, the mother and the love of milk c) highlight the significance of wet nurses in nursing, care and education of children in the nineteenth century in the Province of Grão-Pará d) identify the request the services of wet nurses to meet the children in the Province of Grão Para. Methodologically use historical research and documentation, consisting of a corpus of 92 ads published in the period 1845-1888, in newspapers paraenses May Thirteen, The Constitution, Diary of Belém, Pará The Liberal, Regeneration, Official Gazette, Gazette The commerce and Pará. The corpus was obtained from the Library Arthur Vianna (CENTUR) and the National Digital Library Newspaper Library, having been organized in 12 categories of analysis, based on content analysis Laurence Bardin. The results demonstrate the existence of a trade indiscriminate sale of wet nurses in the Province of Grão-Pará, including valuing the younger, with good manners, good hygiene, healthy and had not created. The social profile of the wet nurses of the Province of Grão-Pará during the study period was similar to those present in the other provinces of Brazil, and it was usually a slave and free, was poor and predominantly black. In the late nineteenth century, doctors hygienists argued that wet nurses transmitted diseases and were "mercenary", recommending breastfeeding or using formula milk. However, it was found that the influence of wet nurse for the child was beyond the affective relationship, reflecting on their education, language, food, short in several aspects of their culture.
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O letramento no curso de licenciatura em letras da Universidade Federal do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-04-25) NUNES, Herika Socorro da Costa; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6009592378453661
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Professoras da educação infantil de Belém do Pará: histórias de leitoras
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-03-25) GOMES, Elaine Ribeiro; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6009592378453661
The present work is tied with the research line resume and formation of professors and intended to investigate the practical ones of reading of the teachers of the infantile education of the Municipal Public of the City of Belém. The argument on the reading was based, mainly, in: Kleiman, Silva, Lerner, Barbosa, Zilberman, Freire and Lajolo that understand the reading as an activity of construction of directions, in a dynamic relation between text and reader, one practical partner-interaction, partner-cultural or partner-historical. In the scope of the practical ones of reading, it served of reference Roger Chartier that approaches the practical ones of reading as a process of construction, developed for authentic readers in concrete situations, through processes diversified in relation to the act to read. This is a amount-qualitative research, of descriptive and interpretative matrix, that it used as instruments for the production of the data the questionnaire and the narratives of the teachers. The narratives had been chosen as way inquiry theoretician-method, on the basis of authors as Walter Benjamin, Larrosa, Thompson, Bossi, Delgado, among others. The social environment of this inquiry had been four Units of Infantile Education of the City of Belém, that take care of to children of 6 months the 5 years of age in full time and part-time. It counted on the participation of twenty and seven teachers, in the first phase and with nineteen teachers, in the second phase. The analysis was structuralized in accordance with the context of the practical ones of reading, the familiar one, the pertaining to school, the professional and the current context. The main results point that: 59% of the teachers had its first contact with the reading in house; 44% made responsible the parents for this insertion; 37% affirmed that its experience of reading in the school was good; 14% confirmed that the didactic book is the read and used support more; 16% of the teachers reads with the intention to prepare lessons; 74% of the teachers had affirmed that they like to read; 40% carried through this practical frequent; 40% of the teachers if had called as good readers; 44.4% dedicated less than two hours per day to the reading and 81.5% carried through this practical in house. Therefore, the teachers keep a relation with the reading differentiated and singular, being used to take care of its personal and professional necessities. The practical ones of reading of the teachers if constitute in different situations, in diverse contexts and ways to read.
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Relações de gênero, direito e educação: o caso do processo judicial de defloramento de Joanna Bentes da Silva, em Belém/Pará (1890 -1905)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-08-23) SERFARTY, Patrícia Gomes; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6009592378453661
This work is a historiographical study on women based on the records of the judicial process deflowering of young Joanna Bentes da Silva, held in Belém / Pará in 1905, tramitados the 4th Criminal Court of the Bethlehem District. The time frame and geographic features the Belle Époque in the city of Belém / Pará, is a significant milestone that was marked, among others, by a targeted state intervention through the judiciary, which was verified tax policies concepts and gender stereotypes, aimed at regulation and control of private life and sexual practices of the population in Belém / Pará. The state became dictator and propagator of social values, such as the ideas of female education, seduction, honesty, honor and decency. The objective of this study is able to bring out this subliminal speech at the Judiciary acting specifically as a sexual crime, namely, the deflowering, since it involves an extremely rich theme from the point of view of the possibility of discussion and understanding of the social values and gender issues. The questions that guided the study were: What are the historical and legal aspects of the woman, her love and sexual behavior, and the deflowering of crime under the Brazilian Penal Code 1890? What is the relationship between virginity, decency and female sexual behavior in Brazil, in the early twentieth century? What voices are present in the speeches of the judicial process deflowering Joanna Bentes da Silva recorded in Belém / Pará (1905)? What polyphonic and ideological analysis can reveal in relation to social values, especially those related to education and women's decency, from the analysis of the judicial process deflowering Joanna Bentes da Silva recorded in Belém / Pará (1905)? The research objectives were: a) clarify the historical, and legal aspects of the woman, her love and sexual behavior, and the deflowering of crime under the Brazilian Penal Code 1890; b) explain how virginity is an asset to be protected by men, institutions, church and state and the relationship between women's decency and sexual behavior in Brazil of the early twentieth century; c) identify and characterize the voices present in the judicial process deflowering Joanna Bentes da Silva recorded in Belém / Pará (1905); d) clarify, polyphony and ideology of the discourse of the judicial process deflowering Joanna Bentes da Silva recorded in Belém / Pará (1905) and reveal the relationship with the social values of the time. The analysis of Joanna Bentes da Silva process follows polyphonic and dialogic speech Bakhtin and cultural representation in Roger Chartier and Bourdier present in the criminal justice process, aiming at elucidating the role of the state, through the judiciary, in determining appropriate behavior and reproof of citizens considered outside the ideal regulation of the private life of the time. Preliminary results show that in that historical moment, sexual violence was not deflowering requirement, and this was considered a crime because society realized virginity as a unique and females capable of "theft" and once deluded / offended, not having the "bad" repair, the woman was labeled dishonored, useless, considering the loss of his honesty and decency, as inserted in a society characterized by positivism, hygienism, sexism, paternalism and strict moral control present in the class speech intellectually and culturally dominant, which materializes and consolidated, including the power of the media and press.
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Significados e sentidos dos discursos de um grupo de crianças da 3ª série do ensino fundamental sobre a profissão e os gêneros na docência
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-07-02) CHARONE, Tatiana do Socorro Pacheco; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6009592378453661
This research investigates the meanings and senses of the speeches of a group of children of the 3rd year of elementary school upon the profession and the genders in the teaching, with the intention of analyzing through the children's speeches the unfoldings of the gender issues in the educational work and in the teaching. The children were my speakers and subjects in this work and their voices were my research object and analysis. The discursive approach was the perspective adopted in the investigation process. The instruments used in the collection of the data were semi-structured interviews and the use of two photographic images adopted as starting points of the dialogue with the children. The research was accomplished at a school of the municipal public net of Ananindeua-PA, and in the educational staff of this school, there were 19 female teachers and 08 male teachers working from the 1st to 4th years at the time of the investigation. The theoretical referential used as contribution for the analysis of the data collected is based on Mikhail Bakhtin's theories on the speech. In order to relate the children's voices with the social, cultural and historical contexts lived by them, we used authors such as Aries, Perrot, Connell, Carvalho, Louro. The analyses were organized in 05 thematic axis which emerged from the children's speeches: 01 - The ideological speeches about the educational profession and the historical definition of roles and functions for the sexes; 02 - The meaning of the profession and its historical and cultural bonds with the maternity; 03 - Manhood and Femininity: The multiples senses attributed to the genders in the teaching; 04 - Power relationships between adults and children and in the educational practice; 05 - The exercise of the teaching and the affective relationships. The children's speeches demonstrate a lot of continuities and also ruptures with the roles which were historically built for men and women. The main sense of the feminine teaching for the children is in the attention and patience and of the masculine teaching it is in the authority. Their speeches also present a lot of expectations and wishes for the teaching practice which overcomes binarisms and polarities and which offer significant information so as we can (re)think the teaching.