Programa de Pós-Graduação em Teoria e Pesquisa do Comportamento - PPGTPC/NTPC

URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2332

O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Teoria e Pesquisa do Comportamento (PPGTPC), que integra o Núcleo de Teoria e Pesquisa do Comportamento(NTPC) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), iniciou suas atividades em 1987 com o curso de Mestrado Acadêmico em Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa do Comportamento. O curso de Doutorado passou a ser oferecido a partir do ano 2000.

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Análise da formação de classes ordinais sob controle condicional
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-08-20) NUNES, Ana Letícia de Moraes; SOUZA, Carlos Barbosa Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1264063598919201; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
Studies have shown that the formation of ordinal classes emerge from separate sequence training. The reversal of ordinal functions becomes an important variable when a sequence is subjected to conditional control. The development of ordinal classes under conditional control has been verified when a chaining procedure was used to establish the original contingencies. The training of overlapping paired sequences (e.g. A1->A2, A2->A3, A3- >A4, and A4->A5) may lead to the true emergence of intra-sequential transitive relations. There have been no conclusive results when using an overlapping procedure with conditional control. This study investigated the emergence of ordinal relations in children when overlapping paired stimuli were employed in three experiments. The experimental sessions were conducted in a room located in an educational institution. An REL software program (Version 5.0 for windows) was utilized for stimulus presentation and response recording. The experimental task required sequential responses simultaneous stimuli displayed on the monitor, and correct responses received differential reinforcement during the training session. The purpose of the pilot study was to ascertain whether ordinal relations emerged when training involved overlapping two-stimulus sequences and functional reversals (e.g. when a green square elicited an A1->A2 response, or if a red square elicited an A2->A1 response). Three preschool children participated in the study, and the visual stimuli were cardinal numbers (Sequence “A”), written names of numbers (“B”), and quantities (“C”). The emergence of transitive relations was observed in two participants, and another exhibited ordinal class formation under conditional control. Subsequently, Experiment 1 analyzed the emergence of ordinal relations in eight additional children, following overlapping twostimulus sequence training (e.g. A1->A2, A2->A3 and so forth). Two sets of visual stimuli were used (numbers and quantities). All participants formed transitive relations and in most of them, ordinal class formation was observed as well as novel performance on a generalization test. Furthermore, five children from Experiment 1 participated in Experiment 2, and were exposed to overlapping two-stimulus sequence training on one set of stimuli (“A”) involving conditional control of color discrimination. The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of conditional control on ordinal relations. In all of these participants the emergence of transitive relations and ordinal class formation was verified. Three children produced pairs of the second sequence (“B”) under conditional control without direct training. However, performance on the sequence probes varied, apparently as a result of unprogrammed stimulus control. Finally, the discussion focused on the prerequisites for sequential responding under conditional control and its implications for the development of number concepts in children.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aplicação de um programa de ensino de leitura e construção de sentenças para crianças com autismo
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-09-28) PAIXÃO, Glenda Miranda da; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by significant disturbances in communication, social interaction and other children's behavior. These disturbances may restrict the development of equivalent stimulus classes, which may hinder the development of repertoires such as reading and writing. To prevent or remedy difficulties in developing these repertoires, behavior analysis studies have applied the Constructed Response Matching to Sample (CRMTS) procedure, in which is required pairing response to the model from the selection of stimuli that compose it. Using this procedure, a series of three studies were conducted with three children diagnosed with ASD, in which were gradually taught to build words and sentences of two to five components and tested the textual reading and reading with comprehension and, as well as the construction of new sentences. The stimuli used were visual and auditory responses and the observation and selection responses got along from the touch on the computer screen. Two children showed textual reading and comprehension, in addition to the widespread construction of three and five terms sentences, showing maintenance of the repertoire after fifteen and thirty days. One child showed textual reading and comprehension, and general construction of sentences with two terms. A fourth participant was exposed to the teaching procedure, which is applied by the mother, showing textual and comprehension reading, and general construction of sentences with five terms, also demonstrating maintenance. The data indicate that there was equivalence classes and ordinal classes formation, maintaining these repertoires even after a period without exposure to tasks for children diagnosed with ASD.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aplicação do procedimento de decomposição comportamental para a descrição de competências no contexto público federal
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-06-18) RAMOS, Camila Carvalho; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
The Competency Management model was introduced in Brazil through Decree 5,707 / 2006 to guide the development of personnel in the Federal Public Administration. Although many organizations seek to implement this new management model, little attention has been given to the description of ompetencies. According to previous researches, teaching objectives or, in this study, competence, need to specify the concrete behavior of a professional who should be learned or improved from the training activities. The objective and exact specification of these competencies is a crucial first step in the whole process of management. The aim of this study was to apply the behavioral decomposition procedure to improve the description of competencies a federal public institution. To do so, they were prepared and analyzed five problematic conditions of the descriptions of competencies which could hinder its operation. The study was conducted in a federal public institution was divided into the following phases: 1) Competency Mapping, 2) Categorization; 3) Analysis of the descriptions of competencies and behavioral decomposition. As a result of mapping it has identified 191 competencies. The decomposition results showed that 93.20% of skill descriptions presented at least one of the five problematic conditions. In addition, when analyzing and decomposing mapped competencies have been identified behavioral 1,168 units. The results confirm the suitability of the decomposition procedure to improve the description of competencies. The categorization of failures formulation, developed in the educational context, proved useful to the organizational context. Subsequent studies should explore the possible impact of the procedure here about the effectiveness of subsequent stages of management by competencies such as setting priorities for training activities for the institution to achieve its strategic objectives.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aprendizagem por exclusão: análise de um procedimento de ensino em crianças diagnosticadas com autismo
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-02-22) OLIVEIRA, Thayline; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
Behavioral analysts have developed a number of methodologies, especially from the stimulus equivalence paradigm, to investigate reading skills in children with learning disabilities. However, few studies involving exclusion have proposed to investigate reading teaching in individuals with atypical development. When it comes to children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), study has not been identified in the literature. Therefore, this research aims to investigate whether the exclusion procedure combined to CRMTS is effective to establish arbitrary relationships between figures and printed words for children with ASD; if the naming of printed words emerges after training; and finally, if the reading of new words occurs. The data indicate that the training involving the exclusion and CRMTS procedures were effective to establish arbitrary relations between figures and printed words with little exposure to errors and to generate the reading of the dissyllable words in the naming tests. However, the procedure was not sufficient to emerge the recombinative reading of the new words.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Contribuições da análise do comportamento para reabilitação verbal de crianças usuárias de implante coclear
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-06-27) PEREIRA, Fabiane da Silva; VERDU, Ana Claudia Moreira Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3777028853675653; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
This study is characterized by a research portfolio, which involves Behavior Analysis, linguistic behavior and cochlear implant. It got together a study of the literature review, and two experimental studies that tried to verify the effect of Multiples Examples Instructions (MEI) procedures, which started with different methods, and also with a list of deaf children naming and cochlear implanted children. The naming concept and the method used on the last 20 years were reviewed. The study 1, experimental, investigated on three children that are cochlear implanted, the effect of the Multiples Examples Instructions procedures on the repertory integration of hear and speak. The study 2, experimental, evaluate in a child that was late cochlear implanted the effect of teach only of the listening repertory about naming, and the MEI about naming repertory. The literature review showed that the naming concept uses like described by Horne and Lowe (1996) has increased on the Behavior Analysis literature. And three procedures have been used during 20 years: hand sorting, MEI and Pairing naming. The study 2 results indicated that the MEI procedure was essential to the hearer and speaker repertory integration, which reduced the performance differences between speak and listen people. And the study 3 results showed that were necessary extra exposes to MEI to naming emergency. It discuss the possibility of new procedures at speak and hear abilities of cochlear implanted children.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desenvolvimento de metodologia de monitoramento das ações de capacitação na Universidade Federal do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-04-04) RAMOS, Camila Carvalho; COSTA, Thiago Dias; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1248194912228326; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
The present study was to develop a methodology for monitoring capacitating actions in a federal educational institution. The study was carried out at the Pro-rectory of Development and Management of Personnel with 26 technical-administrative public workers. We used the 360º type performance evaluation, in which the public worker performs self-evaluation and also is evaluated by different organizational actors. The procedure comprised: mapping the competences, establishing performance indicators, validating indicators, and implementation of the evaluation questionnaire. The results showed that the proposed methodology has adequate scale items that make possible an objective evaluation of the worker performance. Therefore, the new methodology was considered as a promising tool for the development of public workers and the process of competence decomposition was effective to create evaluation indicators.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Dois estudos em análise do comportamento: emergência de leitura após diferentes tipos de ensino de sílabas e palavras e introdução ao letramento analítico-comportamental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-06-28) MESQUITA, Alex Andrade; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
Reading can be understood as a complex network of relations between stimuli and responses. Study 1 aimed verify the effect of different types of syllable teaching (before or along with the word) and word sizes (two syllables or three syllables) on the development of recombinative and comprehension reading, perform a typology of word naming errors, and verify if the teaching method were considered reinforcing by the participants. The study participants were twelve children aged six to seven years, who were taught to read through the MTS and CRMTS procedure. The results showed that the type of syllable teaching had little influence on the recombinative and comprehension readings, but the participants who learned three syllables words developed a repertoire of recombinative reading superior to those who learned two syllables words and presented fewer errors. The most common type of error was to the exchange of syllables and the syllabication of the word. All children evaluated positively the teaching method. We conclude that the teaching of larger words can facilitate the generalized recombinative reading. In study 2 a bibliographic review of the narrative type was carried out with the objectives of: 1) presenting briefly the most used literacy methods in Brazil; 2) describe literacy in behavioral terms; 3) propose a new behavioral-analytic method of literacy. We verified that the most used literacy methods were: synthetic, with emphasis on the phonic, analytical, whole language, social constructivism and the Paulo Freire method. Quotations to behaviorist methods are few and often negative. Literacy involves complex behavioral processes and it can be reconciled with behavioral analysis as long as the behavioral objectives are clear and preferable immediate differential consequences follow the learning.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeito do ensino de discriminação condicional de sentenças sobre a emergência de relações sintáticas para deficientes auditivos.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-08-31) SANTOS, Rafael Ernesto Arruda; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
The growing contingent of deaf people in human society has a fundamental basic reading academic behavior in social inclusion policies. The proposed study seeks to observe the teaching of conditional discrimination sentences on the emergence of syntactic relations, from the construction of sentences in the affirmative and negative assertions in deaf children. Pre-tests verify the repertoire readings in LBS and Portuguese. The study used three sets of stimuli: A - Signs in LSB, B - words written in Portuguese and C - figures. The conditional relations AB and AC were taught and BA relations, CA, BC and CB tested with no differential feedback. The procedure adopted was matching-to-sample (MTS) to teach reading words. After training and testing, the participant was exposed to the constructed-response matching-to-sample (CRMTS) of affirmative and negative sentences. The participant should write sentences in the presence of a model (LBS signals or written sentences), from words written in Portuguese (or LBS) to compose the affirmative sentences and negative sentences. Next, specific tests for CRMTS evaluated the formation of new sentences, including a recombination test.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeito do ensino por resposta construída simultânea e com atraso sobre a produção e leitura de sentenças
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-02-27) BANDEIRA, Taynan Marques; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
Studies have used procedure constructed response matching to sample (CRMTS) to teach spelling of words. In this procedure the answer is constructed by selecting individual components presented as comparisons stimuli conditionally to the sample stimulus. It can be performed to the presence of the sample (simultaneous constructed response matching to sample ou SCRMTS) or after its removal (delayed constructed response matching to sample or DCRMTS). This study compared the effectiveness of training by SCRMTS and DCRMTS in the production and reading of sentences, as well as the maintenance of the repertoire after 20 days. Participants were seven children with a minimum repertoire of naming letters, syllables and some words. In Pre-tests none of the participants answered textually or correctly constructed sentences and only one score textual behavior of 73% of the words of the study. Each participant underwent the teaching of words that had errors using CRMTS. With a single-subject design of alternating treatment, all participants were submitted to both teaching procedures, with two different sets of sentences. The test results show that all learned to construct sentences and maintained the repertoire with the two procedures, and emitted a textual behavior and reading with comprehension on the teaching and recombined sentences. The two procedures can be used for teaching and maintenance of syntactic repertoire, although DCRMTS was more effective training. Important variables in using these procedures are discussed and directions for future studies.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeitos de sobreposição de palavras sobre a composição de sentenças sob controle condicional
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-02-18) CORRÊA, Diogo Rodrigues; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
The construction of units ordered language is an object of study of syntax and of fundamental interest to research the study of behavior. Syntactic performances often involve changes that take place in word order between different linguistic contexts. The aim of this study was to investigate the emergence of the composition of sentences written from the teaching of overlapping words with conditional control. It was still intended to examine the maintenance of performance from the reapplication of the test with new sentences. A software was developed for submission of programmed contingencies of teaching, testing and recording of behavioral data. The study included six children ranging in age from eight to ten years of a social institution. Four sentences, two in the active voice and passive voice in two participants were taught the procedure of overlapping words. The participant's task was to compose sentences written by choice, the computer screen, words presented in unpredictable order. After teaching for overlapping sentences in active and passive voice, they were conditionally related to the red and green respectively. Substitutability tests checked the production of new sentences. After about forty-five days without contact with the experimental contingencies, the emerging performance was again assessed. All participants reached the criterion for accuracy at the stages of education. In tests of substitutability, a participant has reached 87.5%, two had 75% and for others, the percentage of correct answers was 62.5%, 50% and 37.5%. A second study was carried out increasing the number of attempts to teach for three of the participants who had a poor performance with conditional control. The results showed that two of the participants (LUC and DAN) had 100% and 87.5% accuracy in the tests with new sentences. The participant POL reached only 62.5% accuracy in testing. The results suggest that refinement of the procedure for two of the participants produced sentences with the emergence of conditional control, regarding the performance of those participants in the first study. The participants' performance in re-testing is still debatable with maintenance only one participant. This study shows that the teaching procedure for overlapping words can generate the composition of sentences with few errors. The conditional control needs to be well established and variables such as order of training needs to be investigated.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Emergência de controle condicional sobre a construção de sentenças em crianças
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-08-28) TENÓRIO, Analu da Costa; BRINO, Ana Leda de Faria; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9930065472602966; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
This study searched for teaching conditions for produce and keep repertoire of sentences construction on the active and passive voice, under colors conditional control, in six children that have learning problems at school. The construction of four pairs of sentences (active and passive) under conditional control was taught as a baseline. Then there were repeated tests for emergence of conditional control on the construction of new sentences in active and passive voice, composed by recombinations of the baseline sentences. Finally, a maintenance performance test was applied 45 days after the end of the study. For each pair of sentence, three children were subjected to the training of sequence in the active order followed by the sequence in the passive order, and so on, and the other three children were subjected to the reverse training. All the children learned to construct the baseline sentences under conditional control, requiring more exposition on passive sentences training to reach the learning criteria. In the repeated tests for emergence of conditional control on the construction of new sentences, the number of correct constructions in the active (92,4%) was greater than in the passive (31%), regardless of the teaching order of sentences. In the maintenance test, the performance increased, with 78,9% correct in passive and 80,3% in active. In this study a better performance in the maintenance test was observed in relation to previous studies, suggesting that the training of greater number of baseline sentences is a favoring condition for maintenance of the repertoire.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Emergência de relações auditivo-visuais via treino por CRMTS para crianças diagnosticadas com TEA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-02-10) CALADO, Jacqueline Iukisa Faustino; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
Considering that people diagnosed with autism may have difficulties on auditory stimuli discrimination, making training with auditory specific consequences feasible may help on this repertoire acquisition. This study verified the emergence of auditory-visual control relations after visual-visual training through CRMTS with auditory consequences. Four children diagnosed with ASD with 12 Sentences Reading and Writing previous repertoire participated of this study. Auditory-visual relations with those sentences were tested during baseline (melodies or voices as sample stimuli for sentences construction). Then a visual-visual training was performed (animations as sample stimuli for construction of four from 12 sentences) with auditory consequences (melodies or voices). By the end of each training session, auditory consequences were presented as sample stimulus for 12 sentences construction. Two of four children showed a performance above 80% to auditory-visual relations. Results demonstrate the effectiveness of using CRMTS with auditory consequences for the emergence of auditoryvisual relations with people diagnosed with ASD. Also, they go forward by ensuring classes expansion using specific consequences, high cost responses and sentences.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Emergência de relações numéricas em crianças surdas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004-03) CARMO, Ruth Daisy Capistrano de Souza; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
Studies focusing on the formation of ordinal classes have reported a number of experimental findings relevant to the comprehension of sequential stimulus relations. The aim of this investigation was to replicate previous findings obtained with normal children and adults (Study 1) using a training by chaining procedure in order to ascertain whether learning in deaf children could also be maintained under conditional control, using visual stimuli and chained motor responses (Study 2). In study 1, seven children with profound hearing impared degree, sign language naives, served as subjects. A programmed procedure was used to chain responses to three sets of stimuli: A = printed number names, B = numbers presented in Brazilian Sign Language and C = abstract forms in different quantities. The values assigned to the three stimulus categories varied from 1 to 6. In Study 2, five deaf children were subjected to the same teaching procedure, although with sequential variation. Each participant was to respond, in the presence of a green-colored stimuli, presented in a A1A2A3A4A5A6 sequence; and in the presence of a red-color stimuli in the 6A5A4A3A2A1 sequence. In both studies, after having responded correctly to each sequence, an animated figure appeared on the screen, and the experimenter praised each child with signed words signifying very good, correct, or great. When an incorrect response was emitted, the screen whitened for a second, and a new configuration of stimuli was presented randomly. The sessions were carried out in a classroom in a public school for hearing-impaired students. It was used a laptop computer with software designed to present the stimuli and record behavioral data. After each trial and a revised baseline for each response sequence, tests of transitivity and connectivity were administered in order to 16 evaluate the emergence of ordinal classes, in a non-adjacent paired stimulus array with substitutability. The results showed that the participants responded quickly in both studies. In conclusion, the procedure was efficient in facilitating the acquisition of numerical concepts, and showed that emergence of equivalent stimulus classes occurred outside the matching-tosample format in hearing-as well as deaf children.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Equivalência de estímulos após a formação de classes seqüênciais com portadores de necessidades educativas especiais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2002-03) SAMPAIO, Maria Elizângela Carvalho; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
Studies first realized on the UFPA Psychology Experimental Laboratory showed that the chaining trial was more efficient on the sequential classes formation demonstrating a better precision by the participants on the test that documented the ordinal relation properties, specially on the substitutability test. Based on this study and through a chaining procedure to form eight independent sequences with visual stimuli, it was looked to evaluate the effects of a trial history with usual stimuli and no usual ones, and if the emergent sequential classes members were also equivalents. Participated on this study three people with mental retardation, students from APAE (Associação de Pais e Amigos dos Excepcionais). All of them were experimentally naïve. The experimental sections were realized in an APAE classroom, five times a week. It was used a computer with sensible touch screen that was specially created to this study. The procedure counted with trial and tests phases, and was divided in two conditions: in the Condition I it was used the answer chaining trial with four usual stimuli groups followed by the sequential test, no adjacent pair of stimuli tests, stimuli substitutability and equivalence test. In the Condition II it was used the same procedure used in Condition I with four new no usual stimuli groups. The results showed that the taught sequences presented an ordinarily relation properties during the stimuli substitutability tests. The participants were capable to form a new sequence by the two sequences independent trial, suggesting the sequential class emergency in both experimental conditions demonstrating that the usual stimuli could be exercised an ordinarily basic function, and had facilitated the sequential answer with the new stimuli. The equivalence relations emergency suggests also that the stimuli are functionally equivalents. These results make bigger anterior studies results to other population and empirically confirm what have being appointed by this subject literature.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Equivalência monetária em crianças surdas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-01-15) MAGALHÃES, Priscila Giselli Silva; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
In the teaching of monetary skills the procedures of matching to sample (MTS) and constructed response matching to sample (CRMTS) have proven effective. However, there is a controversy about the importance of prerequisites. Experiment 1 aimed to investigate the effect of teaching on the monetary equivalence in deaf children with different mathematical repertoires. A total of ten children participated. They were enrolled in a specialized school for deaf students, where the sessions were carried out and were distributed in two groups: Children with greater mathematical repertoire (Group I) and children with lower mathematical repertoire (Group II). A computer was used with software (REL 5.3.3 for Windows). Initially, the participants were exposed to pre-test and a pre-training identity. Then, the teaching of conditional relations in MTS between monetary value in Brazilian Signal Language (LIBRAS) and decimal numerals (AB), monetary value in LIBRAS and figures of coins (AC) and the monetary value in LIBRAS and figures of paper money (AD), followed by tests of symmetry and transitivity. In both groups, there was emergence of relations for most of the participants. Also a CRMTS teaching figures of paper money and decimal numerals (DB') was conducted, followed by tests of symmetry and transitivity. In the tests there was variability in responses in both groups. Post-tests and maintenance tests showed consistent performance with training. Experiment 2 aimed to replicate the results of experiment 1 verifying that changes in procedure would produce monetary equivalence in deaf children. Three deaf children participated. The experimental environment, materials and equipment were the same of Experiment 1. The procedure was similar to that used in Experiment 1, but with the introduction of some experimental phases: 1) randomized trials in the training, teaching numerical components and pre-training CRMTS. Results indicate the emergence of relations for the three participants in MTS and the emergence of a few relations in CRMTS. In both experiments the complexity of the task was one of the possible explanations of the performance and the prerequisites not interfered with the learning of this type of task.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Fatores que afetam a evasão na educação à distância no curso de administração
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-03-26) BENTES, Márcia Cristina Benigno; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
Distance Education (DE) is a mode of operation in the teaching process that is characterized by: a) physical distance between teacher and student as well as temporal separation b) mediation by some technological feature (print, television, computer, etc.). c) flexibility of content, accented by the use of the internet, and d) the student be considered manager of learning itself, the latter being an advisor for the development of distance education activities first, but high dropout logged in ODL courses. The present study examined the factors that contribute to the evasion of the students of Directors in the form of distance education at a public university and a private, 60 college dropouts a public institution and a private 36 were invited to participate in the research through a pre-designed questionnaire that received by email to respond. The analysis was made on the categorization of items and made a comparative analysis of the percentages of these items presented in the questionnaire, indicated by dropout students as what led to circumvention for each institution (public and private).
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Identificação de controle restrito de estímulos e autismo:avaliação em tarefas de matching to sample com estímulos visuais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-02-16) CALLOU, Isabella Cazuza; BORBA, Marilu Michelly Cruz de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3874088862428314; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
Restricted stimulus control is a phenomenon presented by several populations, among them children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorders - ASD. Because these children depend on specific teaching procedures, early identification of the phenomenon can help to optimize their performance. Thus, the general objective of the present study was to evaluate the performance of children diagnosed with ASD in different Model Pairings (MTS) tasks with visual stimuli and to verify the presence of restricted stimulus control. Six children with ASD participated in Study 1. The aim was to verify if these children would present restricted stimulus control in simultaneous identity MTS (SMTS) using syllables as stimuli. The children presented the phenomenon, despite an increase in the rate of correctness with the exposures and changes in the error pattern. In order to extend the test curriculum, it was carried out Study 2 which had the objective of identifying restricted control of stimuli in the performance of children with ASD in different tasks of MTS with more complex stimuli (figures and words). Three children were evaluated previously in Study 1. The data show that there was a predominant control of the figure and the vowel. The repercussions of these findings for teaching alternative forms of communication and procedures used in inclusive education environments are discussed.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Integrando tecnologias para leitura em crianças com paralisia cerebral na educação inclusiva
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-05-28) OLIVEIRA, Ana Irene Alves de; GAROTTI, Marilice Fernandes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2218504886013525; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
Cerebral palsy is a chronic disease characterized by a dysfunction predominantly sensorymotor disorders involving muscle tone, posture and voluntary movement, presenting a diversity of clinical characteristics that may be aggravated by limitations of knowledge and life experiences, being considered, often, the mentally disabled because they can not express themselves and not interact functionally in most cases, unable to articulate speech or hold a pencil to learn to write, compromising, often, the process of learning and literacy, together with a flawed methodology and inappropriate for the difficulties that these children are in the process of acquiring the prerequisites for reading and writing. Even with all its limitations are keen to interact with the world and provide indicative that the difficulties can be eliminated or minimized if learning technologies and support are nurtured. It is proposed to three studies a documentary and two experimental. The studies were developed in the Center for Development in Assistive Technology and Accessibility - NEDETA. The first, being a data collection to characterize children with cerebral palsy treated at NEDETA. The second and third integrating technology education based on the paradigm of stimulus equivalence, associated with the resources of Assistive Technology. Study 2 consisted of motor training with 03 steps: Step 1 - Drive with toys, Step 2 - Drive to your computer without selection; Step 3 - Drive with selection and Study 3, with 4 stages, Stage I involved the pretest , consisting of the application of the evaluation software Develops ® performed in study 1 and the reading tests of the taught words and words of widespread identity. Phase II involved two steps: Step 1. Teaching relations of identity and Step 2. Teaching arbitrary relations. Step 1 showed a sub step consisted of widespread identity test. Step 2 was a sub step consisted of testing equivalence. Phase III consisted of reading test recombination with six new words that were formed from the syllables of the words teaching. Finishing procedures were reapplied assessment Develops Software ®., All the stages and phases of the study 2 and 3 were developed using assistive technology, developing, and computer applications for teaching basic prerequisites for learning reading. The results provide evidence that the teaching procedure used promoted to one of four participants, the six generalized recombinational reading new words, the two other participants to read recombinational three new words and one of the participants failed to reach this stage by not have documented equivalence classes. The procedures used in this thesis suggest that the systematic manipulation of smaller units that the word may be a promising strategy for the development of reading, combining the paradigm of stimulus equivalence with phonological awareness exercises. TA and resources can contribute and promote inclusive education of students with PC, expanding their social interactions and minimizing academic difficulties.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Leitura recombinativa generalizada após procedimentos de correção com fading em pessoas com atraso no desenvolvimento cognitivo
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-01-07) ALVES, Keila Regina Sales; KATO, Olivia Misae; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3612219210222465; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
Several studies have investigated the use of correction procedures, such as copy exercises, dictates, and oralization in promoting recombinative reading in people with some or no cognitive developmental deficit. The use of supporting techniques, such as fading, have not been tested as another variable that could immediately favor generalized recombinative reading. This work reports two studies. Study one, which included two students with cognitive developmental deficit, was divided in two stages. In Condition A, students were taught the relationships among spoken and printed words (AC), followed by equivalence tests among figures and printed words (BC), and printed words and figures (CB). Following those tests, reading tests about the taught words (MALA, PATO and BOCA) and generalized words (built up from the recombination among syllables) were used. Participants showed the reading of words only after formation of equivalence classes among figures, spoken words and printed have been documented. Afterwards, control probes used for syllable units and then a correction procedure was implemented, highlighting specific syllables (those identified after control probes have been used for syllable units) during copy, dictate and oralization combined teaching. Following four expositions to the correction procedure, participants were still showing only the reading of the words. In Condition B, fading in the specific syllables was introduced for the correction procedure. Participant MAR demonstrated a correct reading of all generalized words after the second use of the correction procedure, while participant CLA only after its third use. Participants showed function transference to new verbal forms AB, AC, BC, CB, AB, AC, BC and CB. These results indicated the need to evaluate the two correction procedures separately. In Study 2, two participants with cognitive developmental deficit were selected and subjected to the same experimental design used in Study 1. One participant was subjected to the correction procedure and the other to the fading in correction procedure. Participant FER was subjected to fading in correction procedure, while participant JOS to correction procedure highlighting syllables. Both participants showed generalized recombinative reading after fading in correction procedure, as well as function transference to new verbal forms AB, AC, BC, CB, AB, AC, BC and CB. The results indicate that fading in procedure immediately favor generative recombinative reading in people with cognitive developmental deficit.
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Probabilidade de emergência de classes ordinais após o ensino de relações numéricas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2005-07) NUNES, Ana Letícia de Moraes; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
The equivalence paradigm has been useful in the explanation of complex behavioral processes like those involved in numeric conceptual behaviors. Several studies have looked for a comprehension of how performances under control of order are established and maintained. The purpose of the present study was to verify if ordinal classes could emerge following arbitrary matching to sample (AMTS) and sequence production. Three students with developmental disabilities participated of the study. The visual stimuli were abstract forms in different quantities (A), cardinal numbers (B), and written word in capital letters (C). The experimental sessions were conducted in a room of APAE-BELÉM and a software controlled and recorded the behavioral data. The AB/AC relations were trained and the emergence of three equivalence classes was tested. After the forward chaining procedure to teach one sequence (A1A2A3), the emergence of novel sequences was assessed (e. g. B1B2B3 and C1C2C3). Substitutability tests assessed the ordinal classes formation (e.g. A1B2C3). Generalization tests also were presented in order to verify if a response involving numerosity would occur with new stimuli. Results showed that the participants responded to novel sequences readily or with gradual emergence. The stimulus control topography analysis in that kind of task was helpful to the comprehension of the ordinal relations. All participants responded to sequences with new stimuli. The procedure was also effective in the transfer of ordinal functions in people with developmental disabilities.