Teses em Geografia (Doutorado) - PPGEO/IFCH
URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/15062
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Navegando Teses em Geografia (Doutorado) - PPGEO/IFCH por Orientadores "ROCHA, Gilberto de Miranda"
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Dinâmica territorial do povo Galibi Kali’na de Oiapoque-AP(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-09-28) CUNHA, Evilania Bento da; ROCHA, Gilberto de Miranda; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2436176783315749The research focus on to present the territorial dynamics of the Galibi Kali'na people, mainly with regard to Brazil's territorialization. The Kali'na are a native people, whose origin space is starting from Venezuela to French Guiana and, in July 1950, when moving through the Guiana Plateau, in the French Guiana area, they rebuilt their life on the right banks of the Oiapoque river, in the state of Amapá – Brazil. The absence of a geographical point of view of the Kali'na's process in Brazil prompted us to propose a thesis, considering that it is an unknown subject in the academic universe of Geographic Science, since the research did not only address issues related to an Indigenous Territory, but to an autochthonous group that made migration with international negotiations. We ask ourselves how the process of occupation and installation of this group in Brazil took place, since this territory was not part of their displacement route? What political and institutional articulations were necessary to move for the demarcation of the Galibi Indigenous Land? Why was this specific Indigenous Land in the Oiapoque region the first to be homologated? What elements defined the demarcated area? What factors interfered in the population dynamics of Galibi's Indigenous Land? What is sustained in terms of thesis is that the territorial dynamics of Kali'na, considering their experiences in French Guiana and its installation in Brazil, occurred due to a political mobilization of this people who, although were formed by just a few families, made the migration. Upon arriving in Brazil, they had the first Indigenous Land demarcated in the Oiapoque region by Decree 87,844 of 11/24/1982. And even with commercial relations established since French Guiana and that continued when arriving in Brazil with agriculture as the main economic activity - which is being changed to the service sector, especially in the condition of public servers. This work aims to analyze the territorial dynamics of the Galibi Kali'na of Oiapoque in the seventy years of their presence in Brazil, taking into account three elements of/in the territorial dynamics, namely: 1. The displacement of this people from French Guiana to Brazil and the socio-political-economic context; 2. Their installation and relationships established with the new land from the point of view of nature and society; 3. The Kali'na's own view of the Territory. To achieve this general objective, we list the following specific ones: to verify the expanded territory of Galibi Kali'na people in the northern arc of the Guianas; understand the formation process of the Kali'na Territory in Brazil; to map the organization of the Galibi Kali'na and the challenges of the Galibi Indigenous Land. We made use of a space-time methodology, with temporal cut being the 70s, since the territorialization in Brazil and as spatial one, the Galibi Indigenous Land itself. The bibliographic research was built throughout the doctorate, in the subjects taken, the participation in events and in the various interactions, with the goal of subsidizing the understanding of concepts of territory, territorial dynamics, Kali'na people, decoloniality. The Kali'na lived through different institutional arrangements in their territorialization in Brazil; to come to this conclusion, we used documentary research as instrument to demonstrate the legal agreements established by these people and the generation of new documents and maps from oral reports formally granted through interviews and informally through everyday conversations. Field research with immersion of experience helped with the continuity and choices taken during the thesis building. The organization of the thesis results is developed in four chapters: the first, entitled “Territory, concepts and experiences”, presents the conceptual basis; the second one, “The context of Kali'na migration”, makes a historical and documentary retrospective of the political and institutional situation in Brazil and French Guiana on the decision part of that people took to leave the Guiana; the third, “Territorialization of the Kali'na in Oiapoque Brazil”, presents the elements of territorialization, the use and reproduction of land, the spatial organization based on culture and the school as a mediator of flows; the fourth, “The Kali’na view of the territory: social cartography in perspective”, using the methodology of social cartography to show how the Kali’na see themselves in the territory.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Dinâmicas territoriais no município de Salinópolis/PA: unidades espaciais, ações públicas e a conservação ambiental(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-01-27) SOUZA, Geisa Bethânia Nogueira de; ROCHA, Gilberto de Miranda; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2436176783315749Coastal spaces focus special attention with regard to ecological, political and social discussions contemporary because they are areas increasingly densely populated, encompass essential ecological functions and have huge economic importance. The production of space on the Amazon coast points to a diversified reproduction movement, causing problems related to the natural, social and economic dynamics, what resonates in contradictions that are revealed in the fragility of the public actions in the coastal municipalities. The Municipality of Salinópolis concentrates a diversity of socio-spatial practices marked by the complexity of the activities established in its spatial reproduction process. This study focuses on the territorial dynamics in the municipality of Salinópolis from the forms of use throughout the space production process. Analyzes that the use today generates social and environmental inconsistencies, with significant loss of its natural and landscape resources, which reveals that coastal policies are often economistic, giving priority to certain activities such as tourism and the urbanization. Several public actions are taking place in the municipality to manage productive activities. These actions can cause conflicts due to the discrepancy of land use that does not show concordance with social dynamics and environmental conservation.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Produção do espaço, dinâmicas territoriais e vetores técnicos na zona costeira do estado do Pará: uma geografia da subsunção e das exterioridades: uma geografia das águas(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-07-01) SOARES, Daniel Araújo Sombra; ROCHA, Gilberto de Miranda; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2436176783315749This Doctoral Thesis in Geography is a study case about the Brazilian State of Pará’s Coastal Zone as a spatial outline that synthesizes Amazonian particularities, and at the same time, clearly illustrates the constitutive and structuring Brazilian space formation elements. The investigation aims to understand the importance of land ownership (in a broad sense, involving water resources, in its multiple dimensions, thus being the property of land and water), for the reproduction of local elites as hegemonic agents, in the control of production of space, territorial ordering and in the regulation of forms and the value of labor. In the “compensatory activities”, we see a formal subsumption reproduction foundation that characterized the horizontal pact between local oligarchies that founded Brazilian space formation, which structures the Brazilian national state, after overcoming the particular spatial formations inherited from colonization. It defends the analysis of spatial structures, territorial dynamics and, particularly, the change in the development vectors of the State of Pará’s Coastal Zone as tools to understand the historical transition from formal to real subsumption in Brazilian space formation (which, in the Amazonian case, took place in the truculent form of the “Great Projects” imposition), with the production of counter spaces that materialize and spatialize the externalities of capital.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Territorialização da pecuária na Amazônia paraense: uma análise na região de integração do Guamá, estado do Pará(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-06-26) GUILHERME JÚNIOR, José Antônio; ROCHA, Gilberto de Miranda; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2436176783315749The advance of cattle ranching in the Amazon is expressed in extensive fractions of the regional territory. From the 1960s onwards, this phenomenon will become more intense. In the case of the state of Pará, several fronts have noticed an increase in cattle breeding. The Região de Integração do Guamá is located in the Nordeste do Pará, the oldest agrarian frontier in the Eastern Amazon, a space of intense anthropic action and whose colonization was related to family farming based on small properties. In this territory, cattle ranching has manifested itself in the intensification of local deforestation, in the creation of centers for the concentration of activity and in the use of urban infrastructure to transport and improve production. In order to understand this reality, we chose a time frame that would guarantee a view of the process, in this sense, the last three agricultural censuses (1996, 2006, 2016) are taken as a reference. In the research, primary and mainly secondary data were used. Cattle ranching in the Região de Integração do Guamá is concentrated in some municipalities, having shown a deceleration in the growth rate in the last ten years analyzed. The road and service infrastructure supports the consolidation of cattle breeding in the region.