Dissertações em Engenharia Civil (Mestrado) - PPGEC/ITEC
URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2304
O Mestrado Acadêmico foi aprovado pela CAPES em 1999 e inicou-se em 2001 pertente ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Civil (PPGEC) do Instituto de Tecnologia (ITEC) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA).
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Navegando Dissertações em Engenharia Civil (Mestrado) - PPGEC/ITEC por Orientadores "DUARTE, André Augusto Azevedo Montenegro"
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Análise comparativa de alturas ortométricas definidas por fontes diversas para subsídio a estudos hidrológicos(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-03-31) HEIDEMANN, Marcelo de Almeida; DUARTE, André Augusto Azevedo Montenegro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1135221873341973This study aims to conduct a comparative analysis of elevation data obtained by topography (trigonometric leveling), physical geodesy (screening GNSS) and mathematical modeling (MAPGEO2010), with reference to those obtained orthometric heights and transported for the first technique (topography), between two Level references (RN's) of High Precision Altimetric Network (RAAP), aiming to contribute in hydrological studies requiring altimetry data in deciding which methods or techniques can be used in each study, seeking the simplification, economic efficiency and the speed in the works. Research shows that, considering the relevant characteristics of the survey region and variations presented between the different techniques used, the application of each technique is variable, and in the calculations of the hydraulic gradient waterways and production sediment in a small watershed through the methodology RUSLE (Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation) all methods are recommended and the calculation of flood areas due to the waterway bus, proved unviable geodesy techniques and mathematical modeling. . This conclusion stems from the variability in the results of each study hydrological used is: 0.003% to 0.385% for gradients of 5.85% to 6.49% for the production of sediment and 29.71% to 79.23% for flood areas.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Análise de risco de cumprimento de prazo de construção comercial(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-05-25) BATISTA, Amanda Cremilda Lima; MAUÉS, Luiz Maurício Furtado; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7497951647889934; DUARTE, André Augusto Azevedo Montenegro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1135221873341973Civil construction is characterized by its complexity and uncertainty, because its processes occur simultaneously and interdependently, inserted in a dynamic, non-linear and unpredictable environment. It is necessary throughout the life cycle an evaluation and management of the risk factors, thus enabling the elaboration of prevention strategies and opportunities. Therefore, this research had as objective the probabilistic evaluation of the risks in the terms of a vertical construction project, located in the city of Belém / Pa. The strategic objective of the stakeholders was the completion of the work in the 15-month period and a forecast of direct and indirect costs of R $ 8,808,614.04. In this way, the probability of the project to occur within the desired period (15 months) was evaluated through two PERT / CPM networks, called scenario 01 and scenario 02. Given that scenario 01 was developed considering the 15-month period and scenario 02 developed according to the unit composition tables of term and costs, which is called the pessimistic scenario of the work. Thus, the results of the evaluation showed that the project had a 76.79% probability of occurring in 22 months, with a possible budget increase of 35.18%, close to R $ 11,907,293.46. Therefore, the PERT / CPM methodology is satisfactory, since the objectives of this research were achieved. However, the network is incompatible with the contextual reality of the project, since construction projects have other interacting variables that influence time and costs and are impossible to evaluate with the PERT / CPM network.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Análise econômica de sistema de abastecimento de água público fechado: estudo de caso da Cidade Universitária Professor José da Silveira Netto - Belém (PA)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-05-18) SILVA, Adnilson Igor Martins da; DUARTE, André Augusto Azevedo Montenegro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1135221873341973The water supply is of paramount importance not only for human survival, but also for the development of economic activities and institutional, that is, to organic life / biotic and social life. Regarding the availability of this feature Brazil is a country with huge potential reserves to meet this end. The City University Professor José da Silveira Netto, the UFPA campus, currently produces its water, with funding through an underground aquifer, and in small quantities, also purchased from Local Dealership. However, in relation to production at the Federal University of Pará there is no knowledge about the maintenance costs of the production line, the hand labor involved, etc.. The lack of such knowledge does not allow the manager to act strategically with respect to this situation. This work aims to raise the direct and indirect costs of production of 1m³ of water treated at the City University Professor José da Silveira Netto, comparing it with the amounts charged by the Concessionaire site in order to show the manager what the most advantageous to the Administration with relation to the matter being addressed. Furthermore, future scenarios have been created in order that the activity is dynamic and growing university, beyond what was incorporated as conditions of energy cost and value of grants for water use, not yet integrated into the current cost of production. The results clearly demonstrate that the option of producing drinking water is the most economically advantageous for the institution, in any proposed scenario. Noting that the cost per m³ of produced water ranges from R$ 0,31 to R$ 0,45, while the purchase through the Local Dealership, around R$ 4,30 / m³ for the year 2011, only show viable if that price is a maximum of R$ 0,50 / m³. With this information and analyzes adequately presented clearly and technically considered, this work may be used as a management tool that will permit the public better or more adequate system of water supply in the City University Professor José da Silveira Netto.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) O custo de oportunidade do atraso de empreendimentos imobiliários na ótica do empreendedor: estudo de caso em uma construtora de Belém(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-09-14) TOMÁS, Luciana Mendonça; DUARTE, André Augusto Azevedo Montenegro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1135221873341973In a real estate project, even if numerous considerations are made to achieve financial, operational, and consequently success, there are many factors that alter planning and that mainly impact the completion of the project, causing measurable losses, such as failure to comply with Budget, and others difficult to measure, such as the breakdown of the company's prestige in the market. The objective of this work is to measure the cost of the delay of the works to the one who undertakes, based on what economic science characterizes and denominates the opportunity cost, which, applied in this work, will have as a metric the sum of five components/costs: 1) maintenance of the construction site; 2) maintenance of head office; 3) readjustment of the value of the supplys; 4) delayed receipt of funds related to the value of property financing amount; and 5) the detrimental of the company's image, some of which are not measured or even perceived by the entrepreneur, who could avoid them or minimize them if their works are delivered within the scheduled deadlines. Data were collected from thirty (30) works of a large construction company in the city of Belém-PA, which identified a modal delay of almost 22 months. The opportunity cost of the delay in the present study reached a total value of R$ 20,732,963.98, or a basic unit cost of opportunity of R$ 44.68/m² of real global area, that is, the delay, In this case study, corresponds to almost 5% of the cost of construction, proving to be an important and significant component, and should be considered when feasibility studies of real estate projects and management/management of works.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Custo de oportunidade pelo atraso de uma obra: estudo de caso na UFPA(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-05-23) ESTUMANO, Keyla da Costa; NEVES, Renato Martins das; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6538317425557058; DUARTE, André Augusto Azevedo Montenegro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1135221873341973Delays in public construction projects execution lead to serious problemas because these projects are planned to provide services to the community and financed by resources from taxpayers, thus, the public project managers must always seek to meet the stipulated execution and construction deadlines. This study objective is to measure the consequences of public constructions delay through the opportunity cost. As a case study it was adopted a Public University construction project aiming at the expansion of a Health Care Center for children with autism sprectrum disorder. The methodology presented applied characteristics with exploratory objectives, using qualitative and quantitative approache. This research aimed to characterize the time delay of the construction project, as well as the services that couldn't be provided, both for the number of attendances that were not performed and for graduate and undergraduate students who coundn't increase their qualification because they coundn't have experience of participating in such project. Through the study, among other things, it was possible to envisage that if autistic children needed to be treated in a private clinic to have similar care they would have to provide approximately R$ 236.50 per session. Another relevant factor is that with the completion of the construction project there would be a 34% increase in the number of services performed from the year 2014 to the year 2018. The result has shown that non-compliance with the deadline of a public construction project is much more damaging than a mere delay in time of the construction and should be avoided or minimized to the maximum extent.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Depreciação e obsolescência em edificações com base na norma de desempenho NBR 15.575/2013: estudo em uma instituição de ensino(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-03-20) GALENDE, Ana Beatriz Fernandes; NEVES, Renato Martins das; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6538317425557058; DUARTE, André Augusto Azevedo Montenegro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1135221873341973Depreciation and Physical obsolescence of a property are aspects directly related to the useful life of the same. Aging is one of the most immediate causes of depreciation and is unavoidable. However, several factors can contribute to this, in addition, both depreciation and obsolescence are relevant factors and can not be neglected in the procedures of valuation analysis of any movable or immovable property. This work aims to perform the analysis, apply and to validate the consolidated methods for calculating depreciation and to reconcile them to the perceived reality, measuring them in a less subjective and more compatible with reality, in addition to proposing a method based on the Performance Standard in Buildings - NBR 15.575 / 2013. The obsolescence, in turn, is difficult to measure, being in this work analyzed with respect to the influence on depreciation. The research consists of a case study in 4 buildings of the Federal University of Pará, Guama Campus. A bibliographic and documentary research was carried out for the theoretical basis of the theme, followed by survey and visual / photographic inspection in the buildings, where the systems established by NBR 15.575 / 2013 - Structural, Fences, Floor, Cover and Water and Sanitation were evaluated. reports of nonconformities found. The calculation of Depreciation proceeded with the application of the consolidated methods in the literature, Kuentzle, Ross-Heidecke and Linear Depreciation, with the method elaborated based on NBR 15.575 / 2013. With the results, a comparative analysis was performed between the values obtained and the influence of age on the results was verified. There are many differences among the obtained results considering the methods that were used. These differences vary between 5% to 7000%, and subjectivity is a factor that should be treated with care at the time of this decision of some criteria. The results obtained through the method based on NBR 15.575 / 2013 demonstrated that the performance of a building is a factor or variable that must be incorporated in the methods that evaluate the building. Depreciation was verified with greater approximation of the reality when the methods were applied in which the parameters used are more consistent and objective, being the Ross-Heidecke and the NBR 15.575 / 2013 methods more compatible with the researched reality.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) O direito à cidade e as desconformidades urbanas: identificação, classificação e mensuração através da matriz de amplitude, intensidade e taxa (MAIT)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-06-21) CARDOSO, Myrian Silvana da Silva; LIMA, José Júlio Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5176390429456548; DUARTE, André Augusto Azevedo Montenegro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1135221873341973Brazil is a continental and urban country, which more than 80% of population lives in the cities, in irregular and illegal conditions with an elevated stage of insustentability to the major of population. There were many legislative and administrative advances, in special the sanction of the Statute of the City in 2001, and the creation of the Ministry of Cities in 2003, but such advances still haven't produced results in the sense to revert this precarious and urban disconforming situation, resulted from the conflicts between the occupation process and the brazilian legalization process, intending the magnitude, historical and multifaceted character of the problem, originated since the colonial period. In this sense, this research objective was to identify, classify and measure the conditions of urban disconforming. Such for, was created a model nominated MAIT - Matriz de Amplitude, Intensidade e Taxa (Amplitude, Intensity and Rate Matrix), which expresses in percentual terms this conditions, by thirty six dichotomous variables, distributed in twelve dimensions, agglutinated in four natures (Land patrimonial, Environmental urban, Infrastructural and Socioeconomic). This model was applied in 1935 realties, located in consolidated settlements, at UFPA/Union, situated around the University campus, in the neighborhoods of Guamá, Terra-Firme e Marco, land regularization object developed by the Union in the last three years. The research demonstrates that the amplitude (48,3%) and the intensity (44,8%) are presented in a moderate way, whereas the rate of is conforming realties comes to the maximum limit of 100%, but when analyzed in its distinct parts, demonstrates significant variability between these magnitudes, is either entirely or in parts of the settlement analyzed.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) O estudo da água real e virtual no concreto usinado(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-11-03) BARRETO, Lidianne Pereira Gomes Lucas; BLANCO, Claudio José Cavalcante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8319326553139808; DUARTE, André Augusto Azevedo Montenegro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1135221873341973Water is an essential substance in order to have life and as well as being a fundamental human right to water is also used in food production, services and consumer goods. Water is present in construction in real and virtual form. The water that is use in the extraction of raw materials, manufacturing of building materials and during the lifetime of the buildings and the virtual water is incorporate into the product. The construction industry is one of the fastest growing economic sectors in the world and therefore has become a major consumer of natural resources. In Brazil, the number of investments for housing has raised the number of buildings in the country and has caused builders seek technologies to reduce the time of execution of works. One such technology is the use of ready-mix concrete; a product manufactured in metering stations, which has as main advantages, the rationalization of the workforce and reduced the concrete runtime. By the growth in the use of ready-mix concrete and concern about water scarcity, this work proposed verify the presence, importance and economic value of the real and virtual water as raw material in ready-mix concrete produced in the metropolitan region of Belém-PA, therefore, although present throughout the concrete production process for the water is not assigned any economic value. When entering the real and virtual water in the unit prices of composition percentages of increases in the value of cubic meters of ready-mix concrete would be less than 1% for real water and 36% for virtual water. These increases although there are not added to the final price of manufacture of concrete. Therefore, one must consider the importance of this natural resource in the construction segment, in order to ensure the maintenance and quality of life for this and future generations.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Ferramentas para gestão estratégica da engenharia de manutenção: uma aplicação prática do MASP(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-07-04) SANTOS, Jackson Freitas; DUARTE, André Augusto Azevedo Montenegro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1135221873341973Typically, maintenance programs implemented in companies for generation, transmission and distribution of electricity that seek to avoid failure will cause the removal of equipment from the electrical system, which means large financial losses, either by decreased revenues, either by paying fines the regulatory agency, in addition to decreased system reliability. To avoid these drawbacks, the maintenance engineering makes use of strategic tools for the management of problems and solutions aimed at optimizing along with virtuous cycle of continuous improvement in maintenance processes. This study aims to make an analysis of the Methodology Analysis and Troubleshooting (MASP) as a strategic management tool to find and solve problems within the maintenance engineering. Thus initially presents a lot of information on the management of maintenance as well as the entire framework involving quality and management tools. With the chapter that deals specifically with MASP, have become a better sense of how each tool is required so that we can develop a good job, since it portrays that this methodology is nothing more than the sum of all existing tools placed in an orderly manner. Finally, we present four case studies where we intend to demonstrate the methodology Analysis and Troubleshooting (MASP) and applicability in strategic management vision into results in environmental engineering maintenance on the pillar of scheduled maintenance and autonomous - MP/MA within the Transmission Division Ji-Parana/RO - ADJR, linked to Power Plants in Northern Brazil (Eletronorte). In conclusion, it is a critical analysis of the methodology used in the provision of services, based on the above application.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Indicadores de desempenho de portos públicos e privados: estudo de caso de terminais de conteineres brasileiros(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-07-09) SANTOS, Nadyme Tayane Silva Ramos dos; NEVES, Renato Martins das; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6538317425557058; DUARTE, André Augusto Azevedo Montenegro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1135221873341973In recente years, a significant number of countries have implemented policies to reform their port industry. In the belief that efficiency will improve, privatization has been widespread, believing that the transfer of management from public hands to private ones, will lead to improvements in the levels of economic and operational efficiency, bringing a competitive advantage in the world market. This paper sought to investigate the validity of this assertion based on theoretical foundations as well as with the adoption of port performance indicators developed by ANTAQ, adapting methodologies that can measure the efficiency of public and private port terminals in the period of 2013 to 2018, comprising 06 years. For this purpose, 8 port units were defined, composed of 04 public and 04 private ports. The results obtained allowed to compare the sectors and to analyze the efficiency between them. During the study, it was noticed that the public sector presents more worrisome indicators for port management, mainly, related to productivity and the level of service obtained, and should be analyzed more comprehensively in the context of infrastructure and equipment to provide investments in this scope, considering that these parameters also have influence on these results.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Método para implantação de um sistema de gestão baseado na construção enxuta(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-05-25) TEIXEIRA, Willy Castelo Branco Romano; NEVES, Renato Martins das; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6538317425557058; DUARTE, André Augusto Azevedo Montenegro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1135221873341973The stagnation of the economy in the country make each time more business to look for alternatives to improve their results. The difficulty in obtaining mortgage loans strongly influences the rise of the distractions of the houses and apartments purchased, creating more offers and consequently increasing the competition between builders, which forces them to give discounts, making the expected profit is less for their enterprises. On this scene of challenges, the construction companies have been searching for improve their managment and processes. A alternative to make it happen is the development of their own management system, encompassing all steps of the process, starting in the concept until the after construction. The searching strategy is the searching-action, it consists in diagnoses the problem, plans the solution actions, implement these actions, evaluate the results and find possibilities of new actions. On this type of searching, the searcher's focus is on provocate changes in the system, monitoring the results and at the same time increasing the kwoledge about the theme. To define the searching, were made trhee steps: 1) Understood, where were full-blown the starting studies of productivity, construction quality and Lean filosofy, later being developed and approved tools to be applied in construction processes, 2) Development of the management system, where it was made and approved, 3) Enforcement of the management system, where the results were evaluated, propose the necessary improvement and define the final system version. The main results founded were: (a) the definition of necessary abilities for a person who will be the change agent, responding for the system implementation, (b) the final management system version porpose, (c) the definition of the each step's right application moment, (d) the viability demonstration of applying the proposed method thru the financial results.The results prove the necessity of developing a own management methodology for the construction companies, looking for a better results and rising the quality of the final product.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Modelo de mudança organizacional: estudo de caso no setor de compras(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-10-04) FERNANDES, Lucas Athayde; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5726366418302065; ICHIHARA, Jorge de Araújo; DUARTE, André Augusto Azevedo Montenegro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1135221873341973This paper presents a model of organizational change to improve the business process purchases from the communication system between the Central Office and works at construction company, to identify opportunities and deficiencies in the system is a technological and / or management. The mapping of information to detect unnecessary pathways that prevent communication system operating in an agile and optimized as well as realize opportunities for continuous improvements to the process. The research method was based on the improvement of business processes, which consists in modeling the process mentioned, through data collection, analysis documents, design flow of information existing in the model and discussion of results. For validation of the method, it was the single case study in a construction of buildings subsector, which generated flowcharts purchasing process current and proposed as a model of organizational change.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) O prejuízo no atraso de empreendimentos residenciais na ótica do comprador: por uma definição do custo de oportunidade na engenharia civil(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-07-16) FRANÇA, Alexandra Algélia da Silva; NEVES, Renato Martins das; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6538317425557058; DUARTE, André Augusto Azevedo Montenegro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1135221873341973The wish and need of possess a fix dwelling are recurrent on Brazilian families. That require a planning with sacrifices for the family's, the same that should be seriously impacted by the recurring delays on delivery of housing units. The objective is measure monetarily the prejudice or damages adopting opportunity cost to value measure. Two parameters were considered, divided into 3 factors: The first parameter consists of two factors: 1) a physical disease due to the sum of frustrations(psychological disease) named effectiveness cost, 2)The living cost on overtime of property delivery contract to the client wich in theory will have to support two residencies. The second parameter correspond to legal costs that covers the cost of court proceedings and attorney fee cost. Three scenarios were built. : 1°) there is no psychological harm, or will not be considered, there being no cost effectiveness, 2°) damage restricted to one family member and 3 °) psychological damage throughout all the family. In a case study involving a single major construction company, conducted in another well-established research, found that the delay is on average 55.4 months. Being science fragmented in several areas of knowledge, which often do not interact with each other, multidisciplinarity was essential to achieve the proposed objective. It can be concluded that the opportunity cost ranges from R $ 76,371.69 to R $ 383,661.37 in absolute values, ranging from 16.30% to 70.16% of the apartments market value, depending on the scenario.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Viabilidade técnico-econômica do controle da verticalidade e da volumetria do revestimento de fachadas em edifícios altos por meio de medidas topográficas(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-09-18) PEGADO, José Antônio Santos; DUARTE, André Augusto Azevedo Montenegro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1135221873341973The vertical displacement analysis is fundamental to guarantee the functional performance of the structures, to minimize the possibility of rework and to control costs of engineering projects. The global tendency is the standardization of quality control processes, which is mandatory to develop and to apply accurate methodologies so that the building elements performance can be assured. Taking into consideration the control of these displacements that involves different measurement techniques and methods, whether for the structure behavior evaluation or for preventive maintenance purposes, this work aims to investigate the technical-economic feasibility of using geometric and volumetric control of building structures. With emphasis on facade coating, this dissertation presents a case study of two residential buildings located in Belém, state of Pará, where each work was observed during the building process. In this context, more rigorous topographic methodologies were taking into account, were used, with the use of modern instruments (total stations), since this practice is not very frequent in vertical building works. During the data collection, measurements were taken to identify the displacements in order to evaluate the facades volume after the wall coating was applied. Thus, we compared the cost-benefit ratio of the material volume with the topographic measurements generated. After this step, a detailed statistical analysis from the measurements was carried out, in which we demonstrated graphs about the verticality control and the facade volumetry of the buildings. The graphical analysis illustrates the procedures and mechanisms developed in both projects. The results indicate that the control or monitoring costs with a permanent topography team at the construction site are between 2.93 and 4.95 times lower than the costs added by the lack of verticality. The complexity of the architectural design in the geometry of the building also influences the displacement of the verticality and that the different indexes of prices of prices can alter this relation of costs plus, which undoubtedly reveal the importance of adopting more modern and efficient topographical techniques.