Dissertações em Neurociências e Biologia Celular (Mestrado) - PPGNBC/ICB

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2375

O Mestrado Acadêmico pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências e Biologia Celular (PPGNBC) do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA).

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Alterações morfo-funcionais em córtex isquêmico de animais tratados com transplante autólogo de células mononucleares da medula óssea
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-10-08) BARBOSA JUNIOR, Mário Santos; PEREIRA JÚNIOR, Antônio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1402289786010170; BAHIA, Carlomagno Pacheco; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0910507988777644
Statistical data show stroke as the second leading cause of death and leading cause of disability among all other diseases in the world. The ischemic stroke (ischemic stroke) accounts for about 87% of incidence of strokes. In ischemic stroke, inflammation acts in restraint of infarction caused by ischemic stroke, and on the other hand the intensity of the inflammatory response in neurodegeneration and consequently influence the functional loss. The autologous cell therapy, mononuclear bone marrow cells, promotes modulation in neuroinflammation, being timely during an ischemic event for reduction of tissue loss and functional. In the present study, we used an experimental model of focal ischemic stroke to assess morphological and functional effects of autologous implant mononucleres bone marrow cells (CMMOs) on the morphological and functional changes related to ischemic stroke. We demonstrate in this study that the autologous BM-MNC in acute or acute and subacute periods of ischemic event, promoted neuroprotection and inflammatory modulation able to rebound in preservation and functional recovery in specific activities. We also show that the treatment enhanced in subacute period, the ischemic event, was able to promote increase in morphological and functional improvements promoted by autologous transplantation in acute period.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aumento da ativação neuronal e de marcação de BDNF após degradação das redes perineuronais em modelo experimental de privação sensorial
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-09-23) AGUIAR, Gisele Priscila Soares de; PEREIRA JÚNIOR, Antônio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1402289786010170; BAHIA, Carlomagno Pacheco; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0910507988777644
The central nervous system (CNS) has the ability to processing and store information collected from the environment, and modifies and adapt under environmental stimuli diversity. However, It has low regeneration capacity after injury or neurodegenerative disease. Several works are demonstrating cellular and molecular mechanisms implicated in CNS plasticity, such as chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans (GAGs-SC) important components of the extracellular matrix from nervous tissue, responsible for synaptic stabilization, toconcentrateof growth factors and ions around neurons. Removing CSPG of the nervous tissue, we can (re)opens a potential plasticity window in the CNS. The goal of our work is to evaluate the influence of removal of GAGs-SC on neuronal activity, via cFos immunolabeling, and BDNF proteins levels at the barrel cortex, under an experimental model of sensory deprivation (vibrissectomy) during critical period of plasticity. To do that, we used 18 rats (Rattus novergicus), Wistar lineage, submitted to the removal of all whiskers from their right snout (vibrissectomy) since first day of life (P0) until the end of critical period of plasticity (P30). The 40 days deprived animals received epidural polimer implant of Elvax, previously saturated with chondroitinase ABC (ChABC, to degraded the extracellular matrix) or with bovine albumin serum(BSA, control), on the barrel cortex of contralateral cerebral hemisphere to the sensory deprivation (left). The animals were perfused 10 (P50) or 20 days (P60) after Elvax implant. Our results shown that the animals submitted to the sensory deprivation, during critical period of plasticity of S1, and to GAGsSC degradation presents modification in perineuronal net (PNNs) characteristics when compared to control animals, at P50. Those animals also presents increase in cFos labeled cells (mainly at the granular layer of S1) and in BDNF labeled cells at the deprived PMBSF, both seen in 10 (P50) as 20 days (P60) after Elvax implant saturated with ChABC. In this way, we concluded that GAGs-SC removal induced local plasticity, evoking changes in cortical activity and BDNF expression at the deprived PMBSF, even 30 days after critical period of plasticity ended at S1.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Distribuição espacial e temporal das redes perineuronais durante o desenvolvimento pós-natal do córtex pré-frontal
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-04) COIMBRA, Gabriele dos Santos; BAHIA, Carlomagno Pacheco; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0910507988777644; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3794-4710
The mammalian prefrontal cortex (PFC) is the cerebral cortex area involved in processing several functions as cognition and complex motor control for social interactions. In this PFC area, there is no duration of the time window definition about its critical period of plasticity. One of the potential biological markers for this may be the Perineuronal Nets (PNNs). The present work aimed to examine the developmental time course of PNN formation focusing on the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of rats using histochemistry with Vicia villosa agglutinin. We use 21 male rats Rattus novergicus, wistar lineage, which were randomly divided into seven experimental groups, composed of 3 animals in each group, as follows: group at 7, 14, 20, 26, 58, 75, and 135 postnatal days, respectively. We found that in PFC, PNNs appear at P26 with a small number of Vv+ cells, increasing in total numbers until adulthood. The results of the present study demosntrate the temporal development of PNN formation in the Wistar rats mPFC, and we suggest a time window for the end of the critical period of plasticity in this cortical area (26- 75 postnatal days), there is a progressive decrease in PNNs with immature profile and a concomitant increase in mature PNNs during postnatal development of the mPFC, making this PNNs profile more prevalent at more advanced ages, around 3 months of age, when the animals are already considered young adults.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Os efeitos da atividade física baseada em movimentos de dança no movimento, funções executivas, episódios depressivos e qualidade de vida de pessoas com doença de Parkinson
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-06-21) DUARTE, Juliana dos Santos; KREJCOVÁ, Lane Viana; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2604693973864638; BAHIA, Carlomagno Pacheco; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0910507988777644; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3794-4710
Parkinson's disease is considered the second most frequent neurodegenerative disease in the world and is characterized by being chronic and progressive. Motor symptoms are understood, but non-motor symptoms may be present and appear at different temporal stages of the disease. Although pharmacological treatments are important to alleviate PD symptoms, they are still limited and most often trigger side effects. Therefore, therapeutic approaches that complement the pharmacological approach are increasingly being investigated to assess their possible beneficial effects on symptomatology and disease progression. Physical activity based on dance movements is emerging as a therapeutic approach to a range of PD symptoms as it is a multidimensional activity that requires rhythmic synchronization and more neuromuscular functions. To evaluate the effects of physical activity based on dance movements on movement, executive functions, depressive episodes and quality of life in individuals diagnosed with PD. 13 individuals with PD (8♀ 5♂), aged 65.9 ± 6.5 years (mean ± SD), Hoehn & Yahr stages I to III, MDS-UPDRS 67.62 ± 20.83 (mean ± SD) performed two weekly sessions (50 min/session) of physical activity based on dance movements for six months. The assessment protocols were performed pre and post-intervention, applying the POMA test to assess movement, the FAB test to assess executive function and subdomains, the MADRS test to assess depressive episodes, the PDQ-39 questionnaire to assess the perception of quality of life and, finally, the MDS-UPDRS scale to assess the severity of PD. Student's t test was used to compare pre- and post-intervention results of physical activity based on dance movements. The significance level was 95% (p < 0.05). We observed significant improvement in balance and gait by the POMA test, t (12) = 2.283, p = 0.0207. Executive function by the FAB test, t (12) = 2.840, p = 0.0074, abstract reasoning and inhibitory control by the subdomains of the FAB Conceptualization test, t (12) = 2.941, p = 0.0062, and Inhibitory Control, t (12) = 2.920, p = 0.0064, showed significant improvements between the pre- and post-intervention periods of physical activity based on dance movements. Depressive episodes assessed by the MADRS test significantly reduced, t (12) = 2.264, p = 0.0214, and the perception of quality of life by the PDQ-39 had a significant increase after physical activity based on dance movements, t (12) = 4.239, p = 0.0006. We did not observe significant changes in PD severity. Physical activity based on dance movements has shown to have attenuating potential in movement, executive functions, depressive episodes and quality of life in PD, and may be effective in future rehabilitation. The characteristic elements of physical activity based on dance movements such as rhythmic synchronization, more cognitive-motor integration and social skills may have contributed to the results obtained in this study.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeitos da terapia motora baseada em movimentos de dança nas funções da teoria da mente e do ritmo Mu de pessoas com doença de Parkinson
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-08) VILHALVA, Jade Thalia Rodrigues; KREJCOVA, Lane Viana; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2604693973864638; BAHIA, Carlomagno Pacheco; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0910507988777644; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3794-4710
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects brain regions whose neural circuitry is responsible for controlling voluntary movements. In addition to motor symptoms, PD patients have non-motor symptoms that drastically affect their quality of life. These include cognitive alterations, among which deficits in working memory, deficits in executive functions and in the ability to deduce the mental states of others (Theory of Mind: ToM) stand out, and may also be related to the functions of mirror neurons (MN). The MN are neurons activated when a person performs or observes a given action, thus performing “internal” simulation of the observed acts, a necessary process for the ability to recognize emotions and intentions in the ToM. Their activity is influenced by prior training of observed motor actions and can be recorded using electroencephalography (EEG) through changes in the Mu band wave amplitudes (alpha 1 waves) detected when an individual observes the actions of another person. The present work investigated the effects of motor therapy on electroencephalographic activity and its correlations with MT functions in patients affected by PD. For this purpose, electroencephalographic evaluations were performed to investigate desynchronization patterns characteristic of mirror neuron activity, in addition to the Reading the Mind in the Eyes (RME) and Faux Pas Recognition (FPR) tests. We evaluated patients diagnosed with PD (n=09), under pharmacological regimen, Hoehn and Yahr 2-4, of both sexes and with mean age of 62.9 ± 7.1 years and mean of 5.8 ± 1.3 years of diagnosis , in time windows before joining the project after twelve months of participation in 2 weekly sessions of motor therapy in dance. Tabulated data were analyzed using Student's t-test. No significant differences were observed in the evaluation parameters of the FPR test in the Test and Retest temporal windows, whereas in the RMT test the average score obtained by the participants in the Test was 9.7 points, while in the Retest the average was 11.3 points with observed significance (p=0.0148), whereas electroencephalographic statistical analysis (TRPs) showed significant results in the level of desynchronization of alpha 1 waves (p=0.014 and p=0.010) during specific electrophysiological evaluation. The data showed that although the individuals did not show improvement in performance in most components of the analyzed TM tests, the electrophysiological results indicate alteration of specific cortical activity related to the activation of the mirror neuron system, influenced by motor therapy in dance, which may configure then, as an adjuvant therapeutic option in the management of motor and non-motor symptoms of PD.

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