Teses em Doenças Tropicais (Doutorado) - PPGDT/NMT
URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/3560
O Doutorado Acadêmico em Doenças Tropicais iniciou em 2007 e pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Doenças Tropicais do Núcleo de Medicina Tropical (NMT) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA).
Navegar
Navegando Teses em Doenças Tropicais (Doutorado) - PPGDT/NMT por Orientadores "MASCARENHAS, Joana D'Arc Pereira"
Agora exibindo 1 - 4 de 4
- Resultados por página
- Opções de Ordenação
Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Análise molecular de rotavírus tipo G9 de crianças na Região Norte do Brasil(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-10-31) GUERRA, Sylvia de Fátima dos Santos; SOARES, Luana da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0556695301015859; MASCARENHAS, Joana D'Arc Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5156164089432435Group A rotavirus (RVA) is the most viral agent associated with acute gastroenteritis, responsible for about 200,000 deaths among children aged under five years annually. RVA belongs to Reoviridae family, Rotavirus genus, its genome is composed by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) with 11 segments encoding 12 proteins, six structural (VPs) and six non-structural (NSPs). Each protein designating a specific RVA genotype, being VP7 protein responsible for G genotype and currently there are 32 genetic variants. G9 genotype emerged on a global scale in the 90s, a period before RVA vaccine introduction in Brazil that occurred in 2006, and is continuously detected until present day. This study aimed to describe the frequency and genetic constellation associated with the current G9 genotype in Northern Brazil. It was selected 50 samples collected between 1999 and 2013, being 45 G9P[8], 2 G9P[4] and 3G9P[6], for fecal suspension preparation and dsRNA extraction for further genome amplification and sequencing of nucleotides. It was observed that during pre-RVA vaccine introduction period G9 frequency rate was 43%, while after RVA vaccine introduction the most frequece obtained was 12.5% (2008 to 2010). Phylogenetic analysis of VP7 gene showed that all strains belong to lineage III of G9, observing aminoacidic substitutions in antigenic sites when compared with vaccine strains. It was demonstrated in VP4 gene that P[8] strains gathered in lineage III, whereas P[4] grouped into lineage V and P[6] strains into lineage I. All G9P[6] and G9P[4] samples were associated with DS-1 constellation, genogroup 2, while G9P[8] samples showed Wa constellation, genogroup 1, except for one sample showing NSP3 gene with DS-1 profile. G9 samples from Northern region analyzed were associated with the expected constellations described in other parts of the world, except for one G9P[8] sample that showed a genetic restructuration in NSP3 protein. In the present study the same G9 lineages have circulated during pre and post RVA vaccine introduction periods, and it was described aminoacidic substitutions in relevant antigenic regions, such as it was reported genetic restructuration phenomenon in one sample of this genotype, emphasizing the continuous monitoring of current genetic variants of RVA.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Avaliação epidemiológica, clínica e molecular de enteropatógenos causadores de diarreia aguda em crianças e adultos residentes na comunidade Quilombola do Abacatal, Ananindeua, Pará(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015) KAIANO, Jane Haruko Lima; MASCARENHAS, Joana D'Arc Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5156164089432435Acute diarrheal disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries and one of the factors that contributes to the worsening of the nutritional status of children. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical, epidemiological and molecular profile of infections by viral and parasitic agents in children aged 0-10 years and those over 10 years of quilombo of Abacatal in the 2008-2010 period. Fecal samples from 294 children were collected in the age group 0-10 years and 81 individuals over 10 years, residents of the community Abacatal, Ananindeua, Pará, which had acute diarrhea board or without diarrhea (controls). The viral diagnosis was made by immunochromatographic and molecular tests and parasitological by Faust and Hoffman method. A total of 375 fecal samples were obtained from 177 individuals. The frequency of viral agents in this study were rotavirus group A rotavirus C and picobirnavirus group by 6.4% (24/375), 0.3% (1/375) and 1.3% (5/375 ), respectively.The polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis confirmed the presence of rotavirus in 23 of 10 samples (43.48%) having short profile of 13 (56.5%) long profile. The presence of intestinal parasites was observed in 272 (77.94%) samples, and the most common were Ascaris lumbricoides detected in 13.18% (46/349) of the samples, followed by Trichuris trichiura with 10.88% (38 / 349), hookworms with 4.01% (14/349) and Strongyloides stercoralis 1.72% (6/349). Of the 24 samples positive for rotavirus group A the following genotypes were detected: G2P [4] (12.50%, 3/24); G1P [8] (25.00%, 6/24), G3P [9] (29.20%, 7/24) and G12P [6] (33.33%, 8/24). Two new genotypes were detected for VP6 genes (I18) and NSP1 (A19) of rotavirus A. Nutritional assessment of 38 children was conducted, showing that 18 4% (7/38) presented malnourished. This study highlights the need to implement preventive actions in the community, including education measures for health, vaccination against rotavirus, and even the implementation of programs to control parasitic infestations.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Avaliação temporal e genética do rotavírus genótipo G2 circulante na Região Norte do Brasil antes e após a introdução da vacina contra rotavírus(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-10-31) OLIVEIRA, Alessilva do Socorro Lima de; MASCARENHAS, Joana D'Arc Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5156164089432435Rotavirus group A (RVA) is the most important cause of diarrhea, accounting for about 40% of morbidity and mortality related to this disease in children around the world before the introduction of the vaccine. After the introduction of the vaccine against the RVA in Brazil in 2006 genotype G2RVA he rose again, being detected in up to 82% of children under five years of age performed post vaccination studies, leading to questions about the protection afforded by the vaccine facing the G2 type, as well as the occurrence of a selective pressure vaccine. Little is known about the evolution and diversity of G2 genotype and the possible influence of the vaccine on this. To provide a better understanding of the flow and genetic diversity of RVA genotype G2, we perform the time of circulation analysis of genotype over 31 years and analysis of structural and non-structural genes from samples that have circulated over 20 years in northern region of Brazil. The temporal assessment of movement of different genotype circulating in this region has observed that the G2 type RVA presented over the years a cyclical pattern of occurrence that did emerge in a post deployment of the vaccine scenario, suggesting a natural fluctuation due to variations natural occurring over time. Phylogenetic analyzes showed that for VP7 lines G2 there is a continuous, responsible for a movement of rotation in the lines being detected two lines and three sublineages over 20 years. Three important substitutions in antigenic regions of VP7 (A87T, D96N and S213D) were identified in samples that circulated from the 90. These changes may have increased the capacity of the circulating strains in environments where there is vaccine coverage for RVA. All G2P[4] strains analyzed revealed a DS-1-like genome constellation: I2-R2-C2-M2-A2-N2-T2-E2-H2. However, several viral variants circulated during the study period. No differences were observed in the antigenic sites of the VP8 * and VP7 proteins between samples that circulated in the period before and after the introduction of the vaccine. For VP2 and VP3 genes was evident in some samples a strong correlation with animal genes. This study provides evidence of genetic diversity in G2 genotype RVA, suggesting that this type has natural characteristics fluctuation and its emergence after the implementation period of the vaccine is more directly associated with ecological characteristics of the virus than a vaccine pressure.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Detecção, epidemiologia e análise molecular de rotavírus, picobirnavírus e reovírus em aves de corte criadas em granjas na mesorregião metropolitana de Belém, Pará, Brasil(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-08-29) SILVA, René Ribeiro da; SILVA, Artur Luiz da Costa da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7642043789034070; MASCARENHAS, Joana D'Arc Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5156164089432435This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of avian rotavirus (AvRV), picobirnavirus (PBV) and avian reovirus (ARV) in chickens raised on farms located in the Metropolitan mesoregion of Belém, Pará state, in the period of 2008 to 2011. For this purpose, 85 pools of fecal samples were collected from 37 farms belonging to eight counties. Viral RNA was extracted from fecal suspensions and subjected to polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) followed by RT-PCR. At least one sample was selected of each municipality wich positive result for nucleotide sequencing of the genes NSP4 (AvRV), RdRp (PBV) and S2 (ARV), and in the case of the PBV samples were cloned before sequencing. PAGE showed positive in 0/85 (0%) samples for AvRV group A, 13/85 (15.3%) samples for PBV and 01/85 (1.2%) samples for ARV. In the case of RT-PCR positive results was observed in 35/85 (41.2%), 42/85 (49.4%) and 28/85 (32.9%) of the samples for AvRV, ARV and PBV, respectively. Of the eight counties studied, seven showed positivity to PBV, and six for AvRV and ARV. Of the 37 farms studied the presence of these viral infections was observed in 19 (51.4%) to AvRV and ARV and 21 (56.8%) to PBV. NSP4 gene sequences had a similarity between 86.3 and 90.5% at the nucleotide level (nt) with prototypes from chicken and 93.5 and 100% similarity at the nt level when compared among them. RdRp sequences showed a high genetic heterogeneity with gene variants resulting between 56.1 and 100% similarity at the nt level with prototypes belonging to different species and sources of contamination and between 50.3 and 100% similarity at nt level when compared among them. S2 gene sequences analysis showed between 90.9 and 94.4% similarity at the nt level with chicken prototypes and 90.1 and 100% similarity at the nt level when compared each other. AvRV, ARV and PBV were detected in broiler farms of the Metropolitan mesoregion of Belém, being the detection by RT-PCR more efficient to detect at least one type of virus in the eight counties surveyed. Except for the PBV, which showed heterogeneous relationship with the prototypes used, the AvRV and ARV of this study related specifically to the samples obtained in birds. This is the first study involving the genomic sequencing of the AvRV, ARV and PBV in broilers in northern Brazil.