Navegando por Orientadores "ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo"
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Adolescentes em conflito com a lei: memórias e trajetórias de vivências na escola(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-09-03) MONTEIRO, Regina Fernandes; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6009592378453661This study aims to uncover the memory of school adolescents in conflict with the law and measures that meet the Foundation for Children and Adolescents of Pará in Internment Unit Socio-Val-de-Dogs. The intention is to trace through the discursive statements of these subjects, their inroads into the educational environment and thereby identify what made them leave school early and / or submit their curricula in a high rate of repetition. The questions guiding this study are: What factors contributed to these teens leave the educational environment so early? To what extent the school and social exclusion were factors relevant to the involvement of adolescents with violence and crime? How committed to the training of school adolescents in conflict with the law, taking into account the school's role in the formation of the subject? Using the guiding questions that the study is to identify network Meanings are involved in these questions. The sample included the participation of 18 adolescents aged 12-17 years old in high school first grade of primary education up to 8th grade of elementary school, born in Para State, fulfilling socio-educational measures for the infraction that will damage to public property (Art. 163) the robbery followed by death (Art.121 / c Art. 14). Was used as instruments to collect data to semi-structured interviews and documents donated by the Foundation, as the records with personal data and monitoring of each teen. The corpus of research has been analyzed by the following issues-issues: School, Family, Violence and Crime, Interpersonal Relations and Future Prospects. The theoretical basis for data analysis follows the design of Bakhtin on the network of meanings and authors that discuss aspects related to the themes. Used for such authors as ROSSETTI and Ferreira (2004); ARROYO (1997); BOSSA (2002); CORDIO (1996) and Vygotsky (2000); PINTO (2002), among others. In this perspective, the goal was to find correspondence with the principles and criteria that could contribute to the foundation of this analysis, promoting interaction between different forms of knowledge production, especially from the data presented to the process of schooling of these subjects, once that contributed to failures, school failures, gaps, and often for truancy.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) As culturas infantis no espaço e tempo do recreio: constituindo singularidade sobre a criança(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-03-30) SOUZA, Ana Paula Vieira e; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7901626430586502This research had as objective to investigate the infantile cultures in the recreation and followed the partner-historical line that the child understands as subject description and social producer of culture. I objectified as main focus to apprehend the infantile cultures of the children of the public school of the city of Belém by means of the emission of discursivos statements in its schedule of recreation, the cultures produced in the current universe of infancy. The discursiva boarding was the perspective adopted in the invetigação process, therefore it allowed to infer the meaning and sensible that the children attribute to the pertaining to school time destined to the recreation; to historiar as the time of the recreation was being established for the Brazilian legislation, in a general way, and for documents of the State of Pará and the city of Belém, in particular. 93 children had participated of the study in the etária band of 09 the 11 years of the series 3 and 4 of Basic Ensino. I used as instruments of retraction of data the exploratória comment and the questionnaire. The analyses had been organized in 07 thematic axles that had emerged of the statements of the children. It arrives in port it theoretical for the analyses of the collected data was based on the historical perspective and the dialógicas teorizações of Mikhail Bakhtin on speech, interactions and the constitution of the citizen. The theoretical beddings on the infantile infancy and cultures had come of Sarmento and Pinto, Steinberg and Kincheloe, Quinteiro, Kramer. The statements of the children disclose to the direction and meaning of the recreation as moment to play it, the games, the colloquies, time of diversion, pleasure and satisfaction. The cultures infantile gifts and produced by the children in the recreation are the tricks, the games, the television, the Internet, the reading, among others. Moreover, the data point practical of entailed interactions to the infantile work and activities of learning in the pertaining to school context. For some children it is time to be without making nothing, is all equal one, time to be sad. The children disclose the interactions with the adults as to talk with the guard and the Belinha teacher. Therefore, the recreation is a magical space and must have its independent time of the schedule of merenda pertaining to school.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Assistência e a educação de meninas desvalidas no Colégio Nossa Senhora do Amparo na Província do Grão-Pará (1860 -1889)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012) SABINO, Elianne Barreto; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6009592378453661This research aims to rescue the social and educational history of the Colégio Nossa Senhora do Amparo, a public institution that cared for children in the poor province of Grão- Pará, in the period 1860 to 1889. Created to educate, house and educate poor girls, that institution was founded on a politics of sanitization and establish order in the province of Pará, because many children lived and slept in the streets, alleys and slums. Thus, the questions that guide this study are: What significance the institution Colégio Nossa Senhora do Amparo was to society in Pará period 1860-1889? What educational purpose, political and social had with the maintenance of the Colégio Nossa Senhora do Amparo? What conception of childhood helplessness is present in the documents of the Colégio Nossa Senhora do Amparo? What educational activities have been implemented in the Colégio Nossa Senhora do Amparo? To try to answer these questions the main objective of this study is to understand the instruction given in the Colégio Nossa Senhora do Amparo for the helpless children in the province of Grão-Pará between the years 1860 to 1889. Therefore, from this main objective we will: (1) understand the significance of education for underprivileged children in the province of Grão-Pará between the years 1850 to 1889, the Colégio Nossa Senhora do Amparosociety to Pará, (2) verifying the conception of childhood helplessness in the documents of the Colégio Nossa Senhora do Amparo, (3) examine the educational activities implemented at the Colégio Nossa Senhora do Amparo in the instructions for underprivileged children. The corpus of the research covers approximately six hundred and sixty documents that were raised in the Arquivo Público de Belém and the Biblioteca Pública Arthur Vianna (CENTUR), from which we selected, for hours, the documents refer to the Statute of 1868, the Internal Rules, 1869, reports from the ombudsman's College, an application for admission and resignation of the college girls and others. The analysis will give the light of history Cultural theorized by Chartier, who understands how cultural practices not only produce a text, or a mode of teaching, but also the ways in a society, how men live, eat, dress, talk and keep silent. The data reveal that this college was creating as provincial as to sanitize the city and prevent the girls hanging around the streets stay helpless and so it was possible to give them a primary training activities with reading, writing, calligraphy, arithmetic and grammar, and moral and religious guidance. There was also a domestic education for underprivileged girls when they leave the Amparo could get a "good" marriage. We also note that the college operated a pedagogical model disk with severe punishment.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Concepções de infância e educação nos discursos do periódico a escola – revista official de ensino do pará (1900 a 1905)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-01-19) OLIVEIRA, Michelle Araújo de; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/600959237845366Esta investigación tiene como objeto de investigación los discursos sobre niño y educación para la niñez presentes en los textos del periódico "A Escola - Revista Oficial de Enseñanza" que fue publicada en Belém do Pará en los años 1900 a 1905. Siguiendo en las líneas de investigación en Historia de la niñez y en Historia de la Educación en la Primera República, el trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar, discursivamente, la concepción de niño y de educación para la niñez presentes en estos discursos. Para ello, se seleccionaron, para el análisis, textos de los géneros Texto de Opinión y Poema que apuntan a discursos sobre niñez y educación. Se elaboró un inventario - apéndice- que presenta los años de publicación de la revista, los géneros encontrados en las secciones y una descrición de estas. Para un mejor análisis de esos discursos, se crearon cuatro categorías cuyas temáticas se encuentran presentes en las ediciones recogidas y en una mayor ocurrencia: niñez y papeles sociales; la niñez, el patriotismo y la formación ciudadana; la niñez y la familia; y la niñez y la escuela. Fueran seleccionados para la fundamentación teórica sobre História de la niñez y de la educación en la Primera República – contexto en que se pasa esta investigación – teóricos como Ariès (1981), Rizzini (2011), Gondra (2000), Kuhlmann Jr. (1998; 2001; 2002), Saviani (2008), entre otros, y para la fundamentación teórica sobre los impresos educacionales , teóricos como Nóvoa (1997), Caspard (1981), Fernandes (2008) , Chartier (2009) entre otros. Además, esta investigación hizo un análisis del discurso a partir de la perspectiva analítico-discursiva de Mikhail Bakhtin (1997; 2002; 2006) cuyos resultados apuntaran para una concepción de niñez y de educación para la niñez en un momento en que ellas eran vistas como el futuro ciudadano de la sociedad moderna que necesitaba de cuidados.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) A criança indígena nos estudos acadêmicos no Brasil: uma análise das produções científicas (2001 – 2012)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-09-04) ARAÚJO, Sheila Alves de; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6009592378453661This paper examines the conceptions of Indigenous Childhood in academicians present studies produced in Brazil. Contributions to this study, it was considered as a guiding question: what conceptions of Childhood for the various indigenous ethnic groups in academic productions in Brazil in the period 2001-2012? The overall objective was to investigate the conceptions of childhood to the various indigenous ethnic groups present in academic productions in Brazil in the period 2001-2012, aimed (1) to identify and map these conceptions of indigenous children in different ethnic groups present in academic productions; (2) describe the process of education of indigenous children in several Brazilian indigenous ethnicities; (3) address the cultural practices of indigenous children mentioned in these studies; (4) discuss the relevance, progress and limits of such studies to the understanding of indigenous children in Brazil. The methodological path followed for the development of this study was bibliographical whose source Dissertations and Theses collected on the portal of CAPES in the period 2001-2012 on indigenous children. For the purpose of systematizing the corpus of analysis of this study and facilitate understanding of the material, the theses were organized into three themes: (1) ethnic conception of indigenous children; (2) cultural practices of indigenous children; (3) Indigenous education. From the choice of themes, it was thought in categories that could facilitate the understanding of the methodology chosen for this dissertation. Was then chosen for each thematic axis a category, namely: (1) Freedom; (2) Play; (3) Indigenous education (traditional school). Regarding the categories, it was possible to realize how important it was to mention them in this study because it allowed us to understand them well to bring out the rich arsenal that emerge when studying the conceptions of childhood linked to freedom, play and education. Such conceptions allowed us to have a new look about childhood in indigenous societies, from advances / limits. The results also showed that studies of childhood and / or indigenous child is incipient, particularly in the state of Pará and this is due to the fact that local researchers have not yet awakened the interest in the topic in question, and list some possible reasons for this "no interest": lack of motivation of researchers in this area, the inclusion of these studies in various areas of knowledge that are not necessarily in the field of education and poor access communities. We also noticed that the productions performed in our region on the theme Indigenous children are computed at the source of the researchers who come here to study it in leaving the North in the limit of production on indigenous children. Moreover, there is an urgent need to investigate the childhood and / or children living in the most diverse indigenous societies. Here is a challenge to be overcome and attempt to understand the child's world and your logical thinking to reality, learning as complex and full guy, so their perceptions of everyday village, school, family, rituals and symbols constitute themselves into a task of paramount importance.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) A criança na fotografia: o retrato da infância na primeira metade do século XX em Belém do Pará (1900 a 1950)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-10-31) NASCIMENTO, Sebastião Valério Silveira do; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6009592378453661The present study aims to examine the childhood photograph of children in the city of Belém do Pará in the first half of the twentieth century. Therefore, the research focuses on the importance of photography as a historical document that reveals multiple meanings; matter, especially its potential as language or representative of childhood and of a conception of childhood scenario built in the city of Belém do Pará, which comprises the first half of the twentieth century. The photograph is a historical source, is an image / document. In the case of photos for the family album, has a record of family history and family member, not necessarily to be within an album, but only to present such characteristics as literally reveal the ways and circumstances in which the family or part of it is photographed. Have photos of children in magazines, are displacements of the photos that were usually produced for own family's interest to put them on their albums, however, were also used as a means of promoting family loose inside publications in journals or periodicals of the first decades twentieth century. Usually accompanied by a message discursive bringing the "name" of the family. The photograph allows almost everyone (not just the wealthy) can become object-image, or a series of images that depict moments of their lives. In this case, the images found in albums of school celebrations are proof of that: photographs of children exclusively and for commemorative purposes with some annual events present in children's educational leisure. The photograph could be taken as an equivalent of individual and collective memory, with the image of a fixed time, apparently, was "clipped". The photograph of children in journals and family album is a way to understand and meet the social, cultural and educational childhood in the Amazon because the images can reveal many indexes about a family and, by extension, society : their rites, ways of life, affection and ideals. The research corpus is composed of photographs of children archived in the Library Arthur Viana. For further theoretical about photography and image utilize Dubois, Kossoy, Benjamin, Fabris, Milk, Mauad, Burke and Fischman. As for reading about childhood highlight Rizzini, Del Priori, Freitas, and Kulmman. In the context of the reality of the Amazon privilege the following authors: Bezzera Neto and Sarges.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Criança, cinema e educação: os discursos sobre a infância em produções cinematográficas brasileiras(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-10-28) SÔNIA , Maria Fernandes dos Santos; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6009592378453661This study aims to analyze discourses about childhood and the child’s protagonists in the movies Menino de Engenho (Brazil, 1966, Walter Lima Jr.), O Meu pé de Laranja Lima (Brazil, 1970, Aurélio Teixeira) and, Capitães da Areia (Brazil, 2011, Célia Amado), in whose center of the problem lies in the fact of how the childhood and the child’s cultural practices has been presented in these films productions e the relations stablish with conceptions instituted in society. The movies are a cultural system, once that’s possible, by the multiple voices caught in the film, the interaction between individual consciences, for having ideological form and content that is processed from specific fields and in multiple discourses, to be observed, within the process of communication, as signs. Further than that, it demarcates its field as a rich and propitious source for the historian and other researches, because it’s capable not only of telling a story, but of problematizing reality, which ensures its merit as a childhood’s research field. Thus, the following specific objectives were defined for this study: 1) to unveil the present and/or absents discourses that can point the possible senses and the meaning of childhood (re)produced in the selected films; 2) to problematize about the conceptions of childhood present in our society and that are re-treated in the investigated films; 3) to reflect about the aspects related to education and the ways of being a child present in the films studied. In order to do so, this study follows the descriptive and analytical study’s lines, with a qualitative approach, using bibliographical and documentary research, with dialogues anchored in the Bakhtin studies and authors from the childhood and history’s fields in a sociological, historical and cultural perspective. Our analyses were guided, from three areas: Conceptions of childhood, Cultures for children and Education. From these, it was possible to perceive the strong influence of conceptions, social practices and educational aspects that accompany the historical trajectory of childhood, and the diverse forms that reproduce in social practices and relations. The results also pointed that studying the childhood through film encourages us to be “others”, once it allows us to become new men, since the conception of time is connect to the man’s conception, and that although all artistic creation is impregnated with fictionality, it does not cease to dialogue with the reality traced in us, capable of projecting us to other already existing realities and others that are yet to come.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Discurso sobre violência contra a criança nas notícias do jornal “Folha do Norte” em Belém do Pará: perspectiva de educação no início do século XX(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-05-31) VIANA, Carmeci dos Reis; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6009592378453661Concerned with the themes of Childhood, Violence and Education, I seek in this Master's Dissertation to investigate violence against children, through the discourses present in the Folha do Norte newspaper at the beginning of the 20th century in Belém do Pará. as a guiding question of the study: "What discourses / practices of violence against children are presented in the Folha do Norte newspaper in the early 20th century in Belém do Pará?" In order to promote the debate on a subject so relevant to the understanding of construction of the child subject and his childhood in Bethlehem we brought as general objective: To analyze the situations of violence against children in Belém do Pará at the beginning of the 20th century and its relation with the social, educational and cultural context of the period investigated. As for the specific objectives we have: (1) To identify the typology of violence against the child that was registered more frequently in the News of the Journal; (2) To reveal the discourses that are related to violence and to the education of the infancy in the investigated sources; (3) Elucidate how the culture of violence perpetrated against the child affected age, gender, and socioeconomic status; (4) Understand that discourses on violence against children and early childhood education related to the social, political, economic, cultural and educational context of the time. This documentary research has the corpus constituted by specific subjects of the phenomenon of violence against the child, in the Folha do Norte Journal, in the first decade of the twentieth century. The theoretical reference used as input for the analysis of the collected data is based on the theorems of Mikhail Bakhtin on discourse. From this work, we realized that the newspapers of the time built a discourse about the child and / or about violence and its relationship with the child. And that these senses are representative of the nationalist, hygienist and progress ideal that defended themselves at the time.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Os discursos de egressos acerca da construção e escrituração da dissertação acadêmica do programa de pós-graduação em educação da UFPA(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-10-04) SILVA, Márcio Oliveiros Alves da; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6009592378453661This Research Working held scientific arguments about the issue of Construction & Rewriting Academic Texts. The research object is the Construction & Rewriting Dissertations Academic of alumni of the Graduate Institute of Science Education, Universidade Federal do Pará. The problems that affect the object of research is that - What are the difficulties and Metacognitive Strategies encountered during the construction process and Bookkeeping Academic Dissertation in Speech Student Alumni Program Graduate Education in UFPA? And as a range of action we intend to investigate the discourse of students who graduate from the difficulties encountered and the metacognitive strategies during the course of construction and bookkeeping Academic Dissertation. Consequently, this goal uses of theoretical and methodological analysis of Bakhtin's Dialogic Discourse (1992,2003), which breaks it into a quantitative approach to map the data through the closed questionnaire online and a qualitative approach to identify the interviews ( in character - narratives) the difficulties and metacognitive strategies found throughout the construction process and Bookkeeping Academic Dissertation in the text of discourses Students Alumni and later run the crossing of quantitative and qualitative data to analyze the process of Academic Education. So the study gives the opportunity to demonstrate through evidence the process of the exercise of intellectual experiences in the Graduate level that constitutes Dialogism by the speeches of former students regarding the field of discursive work Academic Dissertation. Methodologically, the research was developed from three data collection instruments: documents, questionnaire and interview. The results are analyzed according to Bakhtinian discourse. The results indicate that graduating students during the stages of construction and writing of the academic dissertation showed up as difficulty the act of understanding theoretical discursive formations, they spent a long time to elaborate on the writing theoretical discursive formulation and suggest more opportunities on research experience.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Os discursos do jornal impresso O Liberal sobre violência escolar em Belém (2001-2010)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-10-26) SILVA, Lívia Sousa da; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6009592378453661This study investigates the discourses of print media (newspaper), about school violence in Belem, in the period 2001 to 2010. Before this initiative, it points to the following guiding question of the study, namely: What (s) meaning (s) and direction (s) of school violence produced in the speeches of newspaper "The Liberal" in Bethlehem, in the period 2001 - 2010? With the objective of: a) to investigate the meanings and feelings produced by the newspaper "The Liberal" in Bethlehem, in the period 2001-2010, (b) identify the recurrence of stories about school violence in the newspaper "The Liberal "in Bethlehem, in the period 2001-2010, (c) verify that discourses are materialized in newspaper" The Liberal "in Bethlehem, in the period 2001-2010, about school violence, and finally, (d) identify the list of images with the discursive construction of the newspaper "The Liberal" in Bethlehem, in the period 2001-2010, on school violence. And since starting the assumptions of documentary research, the corpus of exploratory research consisted of two hundred sixty (260) news stories, raised by the Public Library Arthur Vianna (Centur). From this corpus of 260 news stories, we consider twenty (20) journalistic pieces, to form the corpus of analysis of this dissertation, which stands out for its explicit treatment and named school violence. The analysis will give the light of theory / Bakhtinian discourse analysis, for which, all discourse is imbued with ideological intentions, which gives meaning and direction to media messages. The examination of the findings provided us conclude that the number of publications of parts with explicit content on the approach of school violence is very small compared to the period studied. It was also found that the newspaper "The Liberal" has a position on school violence that seeks to consolidate when the approach through the appropriation of witness statements and scientific discourse. It was also found that the web of news stories analyzed discursive basically combines ten elements often, which makes up about assessments that go beyond the senses and meanings, whose plot, the image works as a participant of the movement of enunciation that, in the same way shows the figure of the student as the main actor of violent incidents in school and the phenomenon as a police and security features. In this sense, it is expected to contribute to a critical appreciation of the media in their own dimensions for construction of public debates, as well as an understanding of school violence in the context of its publication.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Os discursos dos médicos do estado do Pará nas “Teses de Doutoramento ou Inaugurais” (1929-1954): saúde, assistência e educação da infância pobre(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-02-29) GUIMARÃES, Jacqueline Tatiane da Silva; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6009592378453661Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Educação infantil e cultura lúdica: um olhar sobre a prática pedagógica das professoras da Escola de Aplicação da UFPA(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-05-03) MOCHIUTTI, Solange; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6009592378453661The purpose of this work is to investigate the pedagogical practice of the teachers of child education of the School of Application of the UFPA has as focus of practical inquiry. The research looks for understand how time and the space are constituted to what concerned the ludic activities of child education and inquires which are the possibilities of the pedagogical practice of the teachers can offer from the manifestation of ludic situations. Considering playing as a basis of research the as social phenomenon, incursions had been carried on in the field of Sociology, chiefly in Benjamin (2002) and Brougère (1995, 1998) who characterize playing essential activity in the cultural and social development process of the child and in the contribution from Social Historic Psychology, chiefly in the works of Vygotsky (1984), Leontiev (1978), Elkonin (1998) who understand playing as a activity/need of the human being, considering the ludic situation the main source of the development and the most important activity of the child. This work refers also to the works of Kishimoto (1990, 1993, 1994, 1997, 1998b, 2001), Friedmann (1990,1996), Oliveira (1992), Campos de Carvalho; Rubiano (1994), Wajskop (1995, 1996) and Faria (1999a, 1999b), which focus the analysis of issues relating to the time and the space in the child education from the perspective of the child and the valorization of the ludic culture in the pedagogical practice. This work is a qualitative research, have approached social historic as guide of investigation and utilized the direct observation, inventory-questionnaire and the pedagogical project of the child education as an instrument to collect data. Such sources did allow the identification the presence of ludic daily activities in the institution. There are moments in the routine reserved to the entretainment, besides spaces and proper material for this purpose. There is also an understanding towards the organization of available spaces which may enrich the imaginary aspects of the ludic, artistic and creative. However, such procedures are used in a second plan in the pedagogical practice, considering that priority is driven to school-work activities. The homogeneity and the uniformity comprehend a great part of the format and the dynamics of the works there, performed, establishing in time and space rigidly institutcionalized by the school model. Therefore we must to reconsider this severe teaching and learning model, so that we may put the small child and its especificities and singularities as the main goal of all activity. This implies in the understanding of the ludic culture as social and cultural expression of the child and, as such, cannot be placed at a secondary position in the child education, rather to be included as a privileged activity and an excellent educative factor.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) A infância em processos judiciais em Belém do Pará: da criminalidade aos discursos jurídico-assistencialistas para a educação do menor desvalido (1890-1930)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-02-08) CORRÊA, Liliane da Silva França; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6009592378453661The present study aims to analyze childhood in legal proceedings in Belém do Pará, based on the problem of crime, from the perspective of legal-assistentialist discourses for the education of underprivileged children from 1890 to 1930. Cases of minors: Joaquim Manoel da Silva, 13 years old, and Manoel dos Santos, 16 years of age, accused of various crimes. The judicial process is inserted in the context of the socioeconomic transformations of Belém in the passage from the nineteenth century to the twentieth century, which contributed to the increase of crime in the capital of Pará, due not only to the commercialization of rubber, but also to the project to modernize the city of Belém and of a new educational proposal of justice for poor children involved with crime in Brazil. However, this proposal was fostered in a work oriented education model, whose initiatives were based on the understanding of the alliance between Justice and Assistance, inserted in the philanthropic model logic, aiming at the moral sanitation of the society to focus on the poor, abandoned child ; and in the first code of Minors "Mello Mattos", implemented in 1927, thus enabling the system of assistance and protection for underprivileged minors. Thus, the questions that guide this study are: What discourses are present in the judicial processes of minors, Joaquim Manoel da Silva and Manoel dos Santos, on crime in Belém do Pará from 1890 to 1930? In view of this central question, we propose to raise some specific questions: What senses and meaning in the discursive statements are present in the judicial processes of minors, Joaquim Manoel da Silva and Manoel dos Santos? What ideological formation is contained in the discursive statements of the victims, witnesses and curators in the judicial processes on child crime in the capital of Pará? What is the educational proposal for the underprivileged minor in Republican Brazil from the legal-assistance discourses? In order to try to answer such questions, from the main objective of this study, I intend to: 1 - identify the meanings and meanings in the discursive statements present in the judicial processes of minors, Joaquim Manoel da Silva and Manoel dos Santos; 2 - to point out the ideological formation contained in the discursive statements of the victims, witnesses and curators in the judicial processes on child crime in the capital of Pará and; 3 - analyze the educational proposal for the underprivileged minor in Republican Brazil from the legal-assistentialist discourses. Child crime was directly linked to poverty, abandonment of the family, the demographic explosion and the modernization project of the city of Belém, which looked at the social, economic and political convergences and divergences that occurred in several capitals of the country, contributing to the emergence of less criminal. Against the Pará elite, which emerged in the Belle Époque, there was a population of poor children assigned to commit vagrancy, vagrancy, and theft crimes. The corpus of this research encompasses two judicial proceedings, collected in the archive of the Memory Center of Amazonia and belonging to the documentation of the Court of Justice of the State of Pará. The analysis of this corpus was thought from the Discourse of Bakhtin, where it was possible to identify the senses and meanings that constituted the case records based on the Penal Code of 1890.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) A infância nas páginas de jornal: discursos (re) produzidos pela imprensa paraense na primeira década do século XX(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-03-27) PINHEIRO, Welington da Costa; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6009592378453661Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) A infância pelo olhar das crianças do MST: ser criança, culturas infantis e educação(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-10-27) MORAES, Elisangela Marques; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6009592378453661Researches on children in Brazil have pointed toward a new way of looking at childhood, bringing the child as a legitimate actor and not just a subject of investigation. Children to live in a context of a social movement like the MST have in your life the marks of the struggle for land and agrarian reform, which influence their ways of being. Look for the child of the MST is to see it as a being who participates in the ―organicidade‖ (forums of deliberation) of MST. Therefore, children create spaces of organization and mobilization. In this sense, I question: What are the senses and the meanings of childhood in the speeches of the children in the settlement ―Mártires de Abril‖ of the MST? The survey was conducted in ―Mártires de Abril‖ settlement MST, located in Mosqueiro, a district of the city of Belém. To collect the survey data, I used workshops and group interviews with the children of the settlement. In all 23 children participated in workshops, these workshops had as objective to approach me the children and create a climate of confidence for interviews. The interviews involved 13 children aged between 06 and 11 years, called by the collective movement as the ―Sem Terrinhas‖ (Landless children). The interview was divided into four sessions. The reports of the interviews were transcribed and organized into seven thematic categories. As a benchmark analysis I support the notion of sense and meaning that are expressed through language and are related to the formation of the self in a socio-historical perspective, based on Bakhtin. The survey results shows the different looks that Children of the settlement ―Mártires de Abril‖ have on childhood: they see childhood as a time of play and be children in the MST is experiencing a playful experience of participating in a movement that struggle for rights of the excluded. Children of the settlement talks about their space structural: about the domestic space, they tell us the relationship with the adults in your family is built with great care, but also with the contradiction of authoritarianism; in respect to the space structural of production, the work takes another dimension in space of the settlement, as a time of learning and participation in community life; and in respect to the space of citizenship, school is far from being a place where the right to play is respected. The children’s cultures are produced by children from the settlement in their peer relationships through play, which emphasizes space is important for the enrichment of play culture, whether on the beaches, the creeks and trees. The children of the settlement still tell us that television influenced their lives, their schedules and their way of life to act. Finalized the text indicating the characteristics that make playing the way through which children can act on the world and effectively exercise their right to participation.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Infância, crianças e experiências educativas no Educandário Eunice Weaver em Belém do Pará (1942-1980)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-02-10) PACHECO, Tatiana do Socorro Corrêa; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6009592378453661The thesis entitled Childhood, Children and Educational Experiences in the Educandário Eunice Weaver (1942-1980), is part of the History of Education and History of Childhood - Pará and has as its object the history of childhood and the educational experiences of children who live institutionally isolated due to the public policy of compulsory isolation implanted in Brazil in the first half of the XX century, for the control and prevention of leprosy. The main objective of the study was to explain the childhood and educational experiences of children who lived institutionalized in a space created to host, maintain, educate and instruct children who did not have leprosy, but because they were children of sick parents, they should be removed from the family to avoid the contagion of the disease by the parents. The preventers/educandários were created in almost all the Brazilian states in a moment of remarkable growth of the public interest in childhood, of social control and authoritarian intervention of the public power over the population. The procedures adopted for the acquisition of information and for the achievement of the proposed objectives were the interviews in oral and thematic oral history and documentary research, because, in this type of procedure, the researched topic is valued, and oral data communicate with other sources, which may be the documents and the analysis references. The main sources of the corpus of the thesis were the oral narratives of 13 graduates of the institution, the regulation of the preventers for children of lazarus installed in Brazil, the book of the Solidarity Campaign for the construction of preventory for healthy Lazarus’s children in Pará, reports of the I and II National Conferences of Social Assistance to the Lazarus, in 1939 and 1945, respectively, The National Public Health Department Regulations of 1923, photographic records, government reports, offices, as well as articles, books and magazines with subjects on leprosy and about the institution. The reflections undertaken are anchored in the foundations of cultural history. Authors like Michel Foucault, Mikhail Bakhtin and Erving Goffman gave us input for the analyzes undertaken. The research results reveal the history of children who were removed from their relationship with their families and from social life, thus building a way of experiencing childhood based on isolation, control of children's bodies through discipline and physical and psychological violence.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Infância, educação e criança: um estudo histórico-literário nas obras Serões da Mãe Preta e Chove nos Campos de Cachoeira (1897-1920)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-06-19) LIMA, Maria do Socorro Pereira; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6009592378453661In the field of social history of childhood in the Amazon, the thesis titled Childhood Education and Children a historical-literary study Serões da Mãe Preta and Chove nos Campos de Cachoeira (1897-1920) is guided by the following research question: Which place the child take, as a subject, in Firesides works Serões da Mãe Preta, de Juvenal Tavares and Chove nos Campos de Cachoeira,de Dalcídio Jurandir, from the relationship with the historical contexts, economic, cultural and educational in State o Para, between the years 1897 to 1920? To answer this question, the study’s main idea was to examine childhood, education and the place that the child occupies, as a subject, in Firesides works of Serões da Mae Preta, de Juvenal Tavares and Chove nos Campos de Cachoeira, de Dalcídio Jurandir, the from the historical contexts, socio-political, economic, cultural and educational in State of Para, between the years 1897-1920. The study was based on the theoretical and methodological assumptions of the New Cultural History, with an emphasis on the concepts of representation, practices and ownership, and the relationships established between history and literature associated with the sociological concept of childhood. The first milestone marks the height of the rubber boom, favoring the republican government’s investment in childhood education, leading to the publication of the fireside work Mãe Preta for children's reading in schools in the state of Pará. The end of cycle rubber shows political context of firesides work of Chove nos Campos de Cachoeira. In constant dialogue with the literature and the historical, political, economic, cultural and educational context, the corpus of analysis made by these works considers the proposition articulated by the author. The place of his speech, his ideas, his productions and his broader social relations overtaking the limits of a biographical characterization are indispensable. Also, it uses subsidiary documentary sources to dialogue with literary texts. From the analysis, the thesis points out that those writers do different childhood representations displaying the different places that the child occupies in the literary discourse. In Serões da Mãe Preta, there are clues that the author reports, through his characters, to a childhood under construction supported by a comfortable economic situation in which the child is represented as a person who needs to learn moral values and social to be recognized and accepted socially. Already in the Chove nos Campos de Cachoeira, the misery of the place refers to a poor childhood. The child is represented as knowledgeable of their environment, their situation of oppression and the will to break away from that which ails them, using imagery as a backdrop to leave the real world, characterized by the absence of the right to live and educate in dignity.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Infância, linguagem e educação: o texto escrito por crianças no 3º ano do Ensino fundamental(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-05-30) TRESCASTRO, Lorena Bischoff; AMARILHA, Marly; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7415412765980423; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6009592378453661This doctoral thesis, related to the research line in Education, Culture and Society of the Postgraduate Program in Education, at Federal University of Para, presents the research about the text written by children in the 3rd year of Elementary Education, in the interface between childhood, language and education. The aim of the research was to study texts written by children of the 3rd year of Elementary Education, in writing activities mediated by oral reception, visual reception and reading of questions, in order to investigate the condition of production that allows the creation of more creative than reproductive texts. This study, based on Bakhtin, Bruner and Vigotsky, sought contributions in the Sociology of Childhood, Narrative Studies and Discourse Analysis. This is a documentary research. The corpus consisted of twenty-five texts written by eight-year-old children, in the 3rd year classes of elementary school, at city public schools in Belem-PA. The children's text, written in a school context with the teacher's mediation, was seen as a school text in which it is possible to establish interlocution, taking it as an object of analysis in the course of the research in order to value the child's discourse. In the exploratory research of children's texts, three different production conditions for the child's writing were found, as it follows: (1) a story read aloud by the teacher, (2) a comic strip read silently by the child, and (3) reading a command from questions. Considering these three activities of school text writing, the guiding question of the research in the analysis of the corpus was: What activity of school text writing, among those mediated by oral reception, visual reception and reading of questions, enables the child of the 3rd year of the Elementary Education to write texts with elements that are more creative than reproductive? The study of the children’s texts pointed out that the production condition influences the text writing of the child: (1) the text written from a heard history tends to be more reproductive, pointing out the elements of the narrative; (2) text written from reading a comic strip tends to include dialogues between characters and new elements that were not in the comic strip; (3) in the text written from the reading questions what prevails is the answers to the questions that seem to function as a template to the answer-text. From the analysis of children's texts written from these three conditions of production, we found what prevails in the text writing by children in school literacy, the reading of stories enables the child to notice the structure of the narrative, the reading of imagery texts helps the construction of dialogues and the writing of more creative rather than reproductive texts and the reading of questions provides an answer-text template.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Instituição Pia nossa Senhora das Graças: assistência e educação de crianças pobres, órfãs e abandonadas em Belém (1943-1975)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-03-29) CALLOU, Maria Lucirene; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6009592378453661This research aims to identify and analyze the relevance assistance, philanthropic and educational of the Instituição Pia Nossa Senhora das Graças in attendance poor children, orphans and abandoned in Belém. For this is intended to: 1). Identify and analyze the purpose political, educational and the religious IPNSG; 2) Highlight the educational practices and assistance for the attendance poor childhood; 3) Relate the partnership actions that the institution held to remain active in the assistance and education of children’s.; 4) Characterize the profile of children seen in IPNSG; The study is located in the field of history of the educational institution, it will be reviewed by the bias of Cultural History of Roger Chartier, who sees social relations through practices and representations. The research is documentary, was used as historical sources clippings newspapers, minutes of the institution, balance sheets, statutes, reports, children admission sheets, photos and testament of Ilda Martins, who treated on the institution. After mapping the content of the matters discussed in the documents, the following categories of analysis for this study were elected: Institution, Childhood, Assistance, Education and boarding school. The origin of IPNSG happens with the creation of Antoniana Youth Association (1943-1949), linked to the Order of Friars Minor Capuchins and becomes institution in 1950. The institution promoted many religious campaigns and attempted to raise funds for the construction of the poor child's home in Belém. It was found that from as 1959 start attendance of children in boarding school and finished the construction of the building in 1961. Initially the institution assisted boys and girls of different ages, gave primary education, Christian religious teachings, shelter materials and household education only for girls. We found that the institution remained active partnerships with Department of Education, LBA, FBESP, FUNABEM, FUNPAPA, politicians and businessmen. From 1967 onwards, the service in boarding is meant only to girls and day school for both sexes, was offered primary education, household education, spiritual support and material. The institution came at a critical time in Belem, where public health was precarious and poverty was recurrent social condition among resident families in the city Belém. Like this, the boarding school for many families was the solution to that poor children receive protection and education The Instituição Pia Nossa Senhora das Graças based on Christian doctrine, worked for educate and protect children of the abandonment, orphanhood and poverty.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) O Instituto Orfanológico do Outeiro: assistência, proteção e educação de meninos órfãos e desvalidos em Belém do Pará (1903-1913)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-02-07) PINHEIRO, Welington da Costa; ALVES, Laura Maria Silva Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6009592378453661In 1903, in the context of the great development of the city of Belém due to the profits of the Amazonian rubber economy, the rulers Antônio Lemos and Augusto Montenegro created the Outeiro Orphanological Institute, designed to house male children who were considered orphans and Age group of five and twelve. This institution and the assistance, protection and education actions were configured as the object of study of this doctoral thesis. In the context of the History of Educational Institutions, in the context of the History of Educational Institutions, this thesis problematized political, educational and social discourses in the Outeiro Orphanology Institute in relation to the assistance, Protection and education of orphans and helpless boys? In order to answer this question, the general objective of analyzing the political, educational and social discourses that permeated the Outeiro Orphanological Institute in the assistance, protection and education of orphans and underprivileged boys from 1903 to 1913 was delimited. And as specific objectives, it was sought: a) to investigate the structuring, the space and the body of employees of the institution; C) identify the process of entry, stay and dismissal of the students in the institute; D) characterize the profile of the boys enrolled in the institution; and e) to analyze discourse the practices of assistance, protection and education of orphaned and underprivileged children at the Outeiro Orphanological Institute in the light of the Bakhtinian. The period investigated was selected by demarcating the year of creation and termination of the institution. The study is of the documentary type, having as central information sources for the composition of the corpus of the research the newspaper "The Province of Pará", the Messages of the Governors of Pará, the Album of Pará (1908), the status of the Orphanological Institute of Outeiro, as well as offices, ordinances and reports produced by the institution. For the analysis of the documents, the analytical-discursive baktinian perspective was used; Already in order to understand the mechanisms of operation of boarding school, was based on the concept of "total institution" and Foucault's assumptions. The discursive statements of the analyzed documents pointed out that the discourses that permeated the assistance, protection and education in the Orphanological Institute were based on ideological discourses that came together to the thesis that this institution was originated to be an establishment of initial preparation of labor, Because they intended to instill moral, civic, and nationalistic values among the students, as well as disciplinary and hygienic norms and behaviors to shape the boys' bodies to become healthy, strong, orderly subjects that were sought after in the speeches produced during the Republican period, Poor childhood as the social category to be invested to become future strong arms to meet the yearnings of the elite and the political principles of the state.