Navegando por Orientadores "ROCHA, Rossineide Martins da"
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Avaliação da qualidade da água e da sazonalidade no processo produtivo de Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) no município de Curuçá–PA(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-05-29) PALHETA, Glauber David Almeida; MELO, Nuno Filipe Alves Correia de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4989238044542736; ROCHA, Rossineide Martins da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4371300451793081Shrimp production in Amazon has a potential to rise in the next years. Litopenaeus vannamei is a marine species which is starting to be better explored in Para State. This is due to water quality, more precisely to physical, chemical, hydrologic and sanitary water condition, and sediments. We can also mention that the seasonality of region may contribute to adequate condition for L. vannamei production. The accompaniment of water conditions are indispensable to understand how the seasonality could affect the shrimp production in Para State. The management in shrimp farm could be improved with inclusion of statistic in the data from shrimp farm and this technique maybe used to model the parameters during the cultivation and, consequently, improving the production and decreasing the cost. Therefore, the Thesis aimed to evaluate the influence of seasonality in water quality and shrimp growth. To those evaluations, the shrimp production in a commercial farm (Curuçá city, PA) was evaluate during the two cycle found in the region, and the first was from January to April of 2011 (rainy season) and the second was from July to November of 2012 (less rainy season). The farm had four tanks of one hectare of water surface and those thanks were used alternately in both cycles. In general, the seasonality found in Amazon altered the water quality in both cycles, but the shrimp cultivation was not affected. In addition, the production showed to be viable economically in both periods (rainy and less rainy season). There was correlation among rainfall and shrimp production.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Avaliação do sistema digestório de juvenis de tambaqui Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1818) alimentados com rações formuladas utilizando ingredientes regionais(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-04-02) SIZO, Fabricia de Jesus Paiva da Fosenca; FERREIRA, Maria Auxiliadora Pantoja; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1832728101486131; ROCHA, Rossineide Martins da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4371300451793081The objective of this study was to evaluate the digestive system of juvenile tambaqui fed with an experimental diet containing 28% crude protein and 3000 Kcal/kg, with an inclusion of 20% of the following ingredients: palm kernel cake, tucuma pie and coconut bran. We used 300 juveniles tambaqui (16.0± 1.5 g), distributed in 12 recirculating tanks (250L) with continuous filtration and aeration of water. The experiment design was randomized and conducted with three replicates of four treatments identified as basal diet- T1, palm kernel-T2, tucumã- T3 and coconut-T4. After feeding for 60 days portions of the mid intestine and live were fixed in bouin and processed for optic microscopy. Morphometric of intestinal villi showed that diets, T1 and T4 interfered in the epithelial microvilli height. Hepatocytes showed differences between the diets T3, T2 and T1. Hepatic changes were significant in the tucumã diet. Leading to the conclusion that a diet based on palm kernel is the most suitable to feed juveniles tambaqui.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Caracterização estrutural e ultraestrutural das células do epitélio gonadal de Hypophthalmus Marginatus (Valenciennes 1840) durante a espermatogênese(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-09-05) GONÇALVES, Liziane Amaral Barbosa; ROCHA, Rossineide Martins da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4371300451793081Hypophthalmus marginatus is a siluriforme, belonging to the family Pimelodidae. This species is highly consumed in eastern Amazonia and has a wide socio-economic importance to the region. Studies on the histological characterization of the reproductive system are still unknown in this species. Therefore, this study serves as a tool for biotechnology techniques, necessary for the production in captivity, since this species is one of the fishing resource most intensively exploited by artisanal fisheries. The aim of this study was to characterize the structural and ultrastructural features of germinal epithelium cells of Hypophthalmus marginatus during spermatogenesis. 168 specimens were collected from December 2011 to December 2012. Macroscopically were identified 69 adult males. In field, ventral incision was held in fishes and fragments of testicles from the median region and semen were removed. Then the material was subjected to processing and analysis of light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and scanning. The data revealed that the germ cells proliferate inside the spermatic cyst synchronously. Spermatids enter at the spermiogenesis process through three distinct stages of cell differentiation. The nucleus does not move relative to the axis flagellar and the centrioles don't migrate to the nucleus. The spermatozoids showed a spherical head with the highly condensed nucleus and no acrosome. The intermediary piece was short containing a single long flagellum. The axoneme presents the structure of microtubules within the pattern (9 + 2). The nuclear fossa housed the proximal centriole partially. The presence of spermatogenic cells in the same subphase of meiosis inside the cyst is characterized as cystic spermatogenesis, with synchronous growth of the cells. This suggests that spermiogenesis of H. marginatus is of type III and the presence of nuclear fossa is considered a distinctive feature for the species, which differs from other pimelodids.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Composição do microfitoplâncton do Rio Arienga (Barcarena-Pará)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012) SENA, Bethânia Alves; NAKAYAMA, Luiza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3771896759209007; ROCHA, Rossineide Martins da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4371300451793081This work aims to describe the composition, relative abundance and frequency of occurrence of microphytoplankton in the Arienga River, determined from the analysis of ten samples collected in the rainy and dry seasons (May and September 2009 respectively), during five geo-referenced stations, using a conical plankton net with a mesh size of 20μm. In the period studied, the rainfall showed an atypical behavior, compared to the average of the last ten years for the region of Barcarena, as pH and temperature did not undergone great changes. A total of 128 species were identified, belonging to divisions: Dinophyta (0.78%), Chrysophyta (0.78%), Cyanobacterium (12.50%), Chlorophyta (26.56%), and Bacillariophyta (59.38%). Genres Microcystis Kützing ex Lemmermann, Staurastrum Meyen ex Ralfs, Ulothrix Kützing, Eudorina Ehrenberg ex Ralfs, Volvox Linnaeus, Hydrodictyon Roth, Pediastrum Meyen, Aulacoseira Thwaites, Coscinodiscus Kützing, Pinnularia Ehrenberg, Polymyxus Bailey, Rhizosolenia Brightwell, Actinoptychus Ehrenberg, Thalassiosira Ehrenberg, Tabellaria Ehrenberg ex Kützing, Fragilaria Lyngbye e Navicula Bory de St. Vincent had 100% of representativeness at in both fenods. It was possible to confirm two large groups, suggesting that the rainfall regime was the main controller factor of phytoplankton composition and spatial variation of species along the Arienga River. The phytoplankton diversity was considered characteristic of the Amazon region; therefore, it is considered that the human action did not affect the phytoplankton community of the Arienga River to date.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Estudo da biologia reprodutiva de Crassostrea gasar (Adanson, 1757) no nordeste paraense(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-04-30) PAIXÃO, Leonardo Fernandes da; FERREIRA, Maria Auxiliadora Pantoja; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1832728101486131; ROCHA, Rossineide Martins da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4371300451793081The present study analyzed gonadal development in Crassostrea gasar from an Amazonian estuary and characterized the relationship between the reproductive cycle and the variation in abiotic factors. Samples of approximately 20 oysters were collected each month between August, 2009, and December, 2010. The study period was divided into four seasonal periods (dry, dry-rainy transition, rainy, and rainy-dry transition). The salinity, pH, temperature, and dissolved oxygen concentration of the water were measured in situ during the collection of specimens. The gonads were dissected and analyzed histologically. A total of 353 specimens were collected, of which 190 were female, 161 were male, and two were hermaphrodite. Histologically, the specimens were classified in four gonadal stages: I – immature; II – maturing; III – mature, and IV – spawned (females) and spermiated (males). Of the abiotic factors analyzed, only salinity and rainfall varied significantly over the study period, with correlations being found between these factors and gonadal maturation, suggesting that they influence the reproductive cycle of the species. A predominance of mature (stage III) and maturing individuals were recorded during the rainy and rainy-dry periods (low salinity and high rainfall), whereas immature (I) and spawned/spermiated (IV) specimens were more common during the dry and dry-rainy periods (high salinity and low rainfall). Given this, the collection of seeds for farming would be recommended during the latter period, when spawned/spermiated oysters were more common.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Estudo estrutural e ultra-estrutural das gônadas masculinas dos diferentes morfotipos de Macrobrachium amazonicum.(Heller, 1862) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palaemonidae)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006) SILVA, Gicelle Maria Farias da; ROCHA, Rossineide Martins da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4371300451793081Macrobrachium amazonicum is the most commercially-explored fresh water shrimp in the Amazon, finding great acceptance in the consuming market. The objective of this work is to characterize the structure and the ultrastructure of the gonads of different M. amazonicum morfotipos in natural population. The shrimps (500 specimen) were collected in Furo das Marinhas (Mosqueiro – PA), by local fishermen and brought alive to the Laboratório, in an appropriate box containing local water. Fifty males were selected, weight, measured and killed. Gonads were collected and fragments were fixed in 2,5% glutaraldehyde 4% paraformaldehyde in sodium caccodylate buffer at 0,1M pH 7,2. For light microscopy the fragments were processed according to the standard histological technique for paraffin embedding. The sections were stained with Hematoxilin and Eosin. For transmission electron microscopy the gonads were post-fixed with 1% osmium tetroxide in sodium caccodylate buffer at 0,1M pH 7,2 and processed for embedding in Epon resin. Semithin sections were stained with toluidin blue. For scanning electron microscopy the fixed and post-fixed specimens were dehydrated, submitted to the critical CO2 drying point and then coated with gold and examined in electron microscope. Four morfotips in natural population were observed, in agreement with corporal dimensions and coloration. The morfotips were denominated as TC, CC, GC and GC’ according to Moraes-Riodades (2002). The biometric relation total/length cephalothorax and total/weight had presented negative allometrie.The testicles and are located in the cephalothorax. The testicle is constituted by seminiferous tubules; each tubule presents a very thin capsule of conjunctive tissue that divides the parenquime of the organ. The tubule is covered by flat cells and in its interior we observed a cell population of spermatogenic lineage in different maturation phases that were denominated as: spermatogônias, spermatocytes, spermatids and spermatozoids. The spermatogonias are the largest cells with cromatina organized in clots, located eccentrically in the tubule. The spermatocytes are round cells with cromatina in dense clots. The spermatids are small cells with great amounts of mitochondria. The spermatozoids are concave cells in the apical portion and convex cells in the distal portion, presenting a small spike assuming an aspect similar to a cup. In cross section, the vas deferens come covered by conjunctive tissue and they can present from a cubic to a cylindrical epithelium; they present in their interior an agglomeration of feeder cells located in the eccentric portion and spermatozoids located in the lumen of the ducts.The structural analysis of the M. amazonicum gonads, demonstated the of three distinct morfotips in the Furo das Marinhas.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) A etnoictiologia de pescadores xikrin da terra indígena Trincheira Bacajá - Pará, Brasil(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014) CARVALHO JÚNIOR, Jaime Ribeiro; NAKAYAMA, Luiza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3771896759209007; ROCHA, Rossineide Martins da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4371300451793081This thesis was developed in five villages of the indigenous community Xikrin-Mebêngôkre, which inhabit the Indigenous Land Trincheira Bacajá - ILTB, Pará, Brazil. The overall objective was to analyze by ethnoictiology, the various ecological, cognitive and behavioral aspects of fishermen, aiming to understand the basic interactions that this community has with fish stocks and other elements of the ecosystems in ILTB. With the proper permits, the research was conducted between the months of April 2011 to April 2013, in seven trips to five villages, totaling 153 days. The information was obtained through ethnoictiological and ethnoecological approaches and employing a set of methods related to participatory research. The study included 103 Indians aged 15-84 years and residents of villages: Mrotidjãm; Bakajá; Pytakô; Pat-Kro and Pykayakà. According to the knowledge of Xikrin, the aquatic resources perceived by them in the ngo (water) field and used most often are made up of toe (fish) and they allowed to generate an ethnotaxonomical list consisting of 144 fish species that were grouped into four categories (consumption, commercial, bait and handicrafts) according to the diversity of use in ILTB, with 135 species declared for consumption (94% of total); it is noteworthy that there is overlap among species usages, ie, some fish have multiple functions and are used in different ways, however, the primary function is the protein source, ensuring family livelihood. According to the seasonality, this diversity of fish occurred in at least 26 preferred microhabitats. The waki (screen) mode was used in all seasonal periods and opportunely was built in ILTB an ethnoecological seasonal calendar, which were summarized the close connections of the biotic and abiotic components existing in the region. In these ethnoictiological records of species of cultural importance Xikrin represent the first steps towards understanding the process of use of fish and it is considered that the continuity of this knowledge, sayings and doings Xikrin, acquired over many years and passed by mebengêt (old) are indispensable to the daily life of the entire population speaker and reader of language Mebêngôkre, not only for survival and empowerment of the communities, but also for the intrinsic value of belonging and being Xikrin.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) A pesca e os aspectos reprodutivos da jatuarana escama grossa Hemiodus unimaculatus (Bloch, 1794) na área de influência da usina hidrelétrica de Tucuruí-Pará(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-10-31) PINHEIRO, Jossandra Carvalho da Rocha; NAKAYAMA, Luiza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3771896759209007; ROCHA, Rossineide Martins da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4371300451793081The Hemiodus unimaculatus (Jatuarana Tick Scale) is a hemiodontidae Benthopelagic of significant commercial importance, generating food, employment and income to fishermen in the influenced area by the reservoir in the hydroelectric plant of tucurui (Tucurui HEP). The present study analyzed the fishing and the reproductive aspects, as the structure in length and weight of the population, the weight-length relation, the average length of first gonadal maturation (L50), the sex ratio and the period of breeding in the area of influence of the Tucurui HEP (upstream in the reservoir and the downstream). Were analyzed temporal series of landing data (2000 to 2008 period) and interviews from July to October 2010 in the three areas of Tucurui HEP, with dealt information about the location and characterization of the fishery and fishing widget. For the study about reproductive aspects, the specimens analyzed were collected monthly, from January 2006 to December 2007, in the reservoir and downstream of the dam. A H. unimaculatus was landed in three areas influenced by the Tucurui HEP during all year, being the upstream responsible for the highest production. There is statistically significant seasonality throughout the year, characterizing production peaks, being the upstream in May, June and October, January and from May to June in the reservoir, and the downstream from May to August. The main locations for the capture of the schools are the edges and beaches, being the main capture procedure the gillnets. The principal boarding port is located in Itupiranga city, where is the HEP Tucurui upstream. Among the fish caught in the reservoir (429) and the downstream (545), the biggest variation occurred in the reservoir (12.5 to 29 cm of total length). The weight-length relation has presented negative allometry in both sub-areas. The L50 considered for grouped sexes was 27.6 cm in reservoir and 22.2 cm the downstream. The sex ratio for the total samples was favorable females in both areas, being 1.6 and 1.9 in reservoir and downstream, respectively. The reproductive period was recorded in March (raining season) in the reservoir and the downstream from November to March (periods transactional dry/rainy and rainy). Considering that the specie occurs in all the HEP Tucurui areas and the tendency of annual production are increasing continually the upstream, the need to implement enhanced local infrastructure and measures for development in order to maintain the sustainability of fishery.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Utilização de indicadores biológicos na avaliação da qualidade da água da Baía do Guajará e do Rio Guamá (Belém-Pará)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006-09-20) SILVA, Dirlene Ferreira da; RIBEIRO, Karla Tereza Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2654817572738748; ROCHA, Rossineide Martins da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4371300451793081Belém, of Pará has a hight hydrographic system, in this way is possible the entrance of tides come from Guajará’s bay and of Guamá river. These are important aquatics ecosystems to the region. The purpose of these research is to evaluate the quality of water from Guajará’s bay and Guamá river, through of mycrobiologics and biomarkers analysis. During the research were made four collects in four period: intermediate rainy( December/ 04), rainy( March/05), intermediate dry (June/ 05) and dry (September/ 05). Sample 100 ml of surface-water were collected in four places in Guajará’s bay ( Arapari’s harbor, Ver-O-Peso, Una´s River and Barra’s Island) and three places in Guamá’s river ( Linhão, Tucunduba river, and Palha’s harbor). The mycrobiologic analysis was done accordance with the description of 20th edition of standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater (APHA, 1998). To the analysis of biomarkers was captured Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii specie. After of collect we did analysis histological analysis of livers. The result of the microbiological analysis showed that in six places of the collect the concentration of total coliforms and termotolerants were higher during the intermediate rainy period. During the four period of collect, Barra’s island showed a less concentration of these domestic polution. In accordance with law CONAMA 357/2005, the water of Guajará’s bay and Guamá river belong to class three, but they have more total colifoms and termotolerants than is determinate to this water´s class, however the in Barra’s island was the exception. The microbiological analysis showed a high fecal contamination in the Guajará’s bay and Guamá river. The result of analysis in the livers of Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii specie showed variations in hepatic tissue of some this fishes collected in places where the effluents are threw, we met 24 fishes with alteration. The Una’s river had more fishes with alteration than others. The result of this studies showed that the environment of Guajará’s bay and the Guamá river are in a initial degradation, because a lot of domestics and industrial effluents are throw in this waters. It affects the balance of aquatics community.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Utilização de peixes nativos da Amazônia como biomarcadores na avaliação da qualidade da água de uma área industrial no rio Pará - PA - Brasil(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011) MONTES, Caroline da Silva; FERREIRA, Maria Auxiliadora Pantoja; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1832728101486131; ROCHA, Rossineide Martins da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4371300451793081Indiscriminate dumping of toxic substances impairs and deteriorates the water quality. Fish gills have a large surface area; they remain in close contact with the external environment and are particularly sensitive to changes in water quality, for this reason they are quite relevant for environmental monitoring. This study analyzes the gill structure of the fish species Plagioscion squamossissimus and Lithodoras dorsalis from two different sites located an Amazon estuary. A total of 324 specimens were used, this total 176 were P. squamossissimus and 148 L. dorsalis, removing the second gill arch for histological, ultrastructural and immunohistochemical analyses. The histological changes were analysed semiquantitatively according to the histopathological evaluation. The sampled sites differ regarding the rate of occurrence of altered animals, only site A showed healthy animals, 84% of L. dorsalis and 77% of P. squamossissimus had normal gill structure, with the lamellae lined by simple squamous epithelial, composed of pillar, mucous and chloride cells. However, all the specimens collected in sites B revealed tissue changes in the gill lamellae such as: aneurysm; epithelial lifting; cell proliferation; lamellar fusion and cell hypertrophy, this result was also confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. TUNEL analysis indicated that only animals captured on site B showed apoptotic cells. The presence of injury in gill tissues in the animals captured on site B emphasizes the need for more effective pollution control measures with regards to discarding pollutant loads as well as the need for urban planning in this region.