Navegando por Orientadores "SCHMITZ, Heribert"

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A ação coletiva de agricultores integrados à agroindústria de dendê na Associação dos Moradores e Agricultores Familiares da Região do Igarapé-Açu de Baixo, em Irituia - Pará.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-11-17) OLIVEIRA, Khety Elane Holanda de; SCHMITZ, Heribert; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2294519993210835
In this study, I analyze the performance of the common partners and the board of directors of the Association of Residents and Family Farmers of Igarapé-Açu de Baixo (Amafib), in the municipality of Irituia, Pará, in proposals related to collective action with its partners, the Central Social Organizations Between the Rivers Guamá and Capim (Consergc) and the multinational company Archer Daniels Midland Company (ADM) in the context of the integration of family agriculture to the agro-industry of palm. The methodology consisted of a case study with qualitative and quantitative approaches. The following were carried out: direct observation of meetings and work activities of the partners; non-directive and semi structured interviews between August 2019 and February 2020; and review of pertinent literature, prioritizing the categories collective action, associativism and productive integration. The results show that Amafib's actions with its partners have been favorable to the members of the association. In the cooperation with Consergc, several demands have been reached, such as the suitability of weighing the fruits for the digital balance, the sale of fertilizers by the company itself, the increase in the price paid for the palm oil and the marketing of tools through collective purchase. In a scenario of negotiations between the parties for the common good, Consergc has a leading role in the collective action and contributed to the good progress of the projects.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ação coletiva entre assentados da reforma agraria: o grupo de mutirão no assentamento Benedito Alves Bandeira, município do Acará / Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010) MELO, Acácio Tarciso Moreira de; SCHMITZ, Heribert; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2294519993210835
This paper aims to study the collective strategies, or 'mutirão' (mutual-aid effort), developed by small farmers settled on the agrarian reform settlement called Benedito Alves Bandeira (BAB) in the municipality of Acará, Pará State. This research was carried out from June to November 2009 and in January 2010. The methodology included qualitative and quantitative approaches, the main procedures being: a literature review, structured and semi-structured interviews, observations and secondary data collecting. The results show a peculiar form of collective action, whereby a group (10% of the settlers) engaged in mutual-aid effort practices took over the association that manages the settlement as a whole. This was added by the fact that the 'mutirão' group, in practice, did not just address production-related issues, as is common in mutual-aid efforts, but also settlement-related political, economic and social actions. While many studies on land reform settlements point to the settlers' resistance to collective farming, especially promoted by the Landless Workers Movement (MST), the analyzed the experience shows the acceptance of the collective work of a group of settlers gathered around the 'mutirão' and aiming at agricultural production. The following factors that favored this type of work were identified: a) a previous preparation of leaders by the Catholic Church; b) voluntary performance of activities; c) the owner of the plot manages the 'mutirão' activities; d) the users themselves define the rules; and e) the size of the group. The experience of collective work in the three plots studied hereby also guides the actions taken by the association, whose meetings are held in rotation in the homes where the 'mutirão' is to be held. Despite the example provided by this type of practice used in the settlement since the beginning of its creation, there is resistance both inside and outside the settlement against the association, characterized by individual interests and the quest for power of opposing sides, which involves even government agencies. This study will contribute to understanding the strategies of reciprocity that facilitate collective action among settlers in Northeastern Pará State linking two phenomena: the little probability of cooperation, according to the logic of collective action (Olson, 1965) that questions the willingness of a group to engage in common goals; and, the promotion of cooperative work through reciprocity-based structures.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ação coletiva na criação e gestão do projeto de assentamento Paulo Fonteles em Mosqueiro, Belém – Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-08-27) PANTOJA, Rosiane Cristina Pimentel; SCHMITZ, Heribert; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2294519993210835
The research presented aims at studying the forms of organization for cooperation in the creation and management of Settlement Project Paulo Fonteles in Mosqueiro, Belém - Pará. For this case study, we used a qualitative approach from the application interviews with semi-structured questionnaire. The research problem grounded both in theories of social movements, with discussions of social events, as the French School of Sociology of Organizations with discussions of the organizations and the centrality of power. Restlessness is understand how social groups influence the forms of cooperation for the creation and management of the Settlement Project Paulo Fonteles. It is observed that social movements have been the intermediary of collective action in the struggle for agrarian reform, becoming references of continuity of struggles and ensuring the mobilization of families for collective action. The common goal for the conquest of the land is what secured the commitment and cooperation for the occupation of the settlement. But the conquest of the land reflects a multifaceted reality, because families have different prospects as housing, production, employment, among others. The increase in the number of settlements and the increased production questioned the need for agrarian reform as a policy for rural development. The MST, reaffirming that public policy, has proposed new forms of organization of settlements, called "commune land". These settlements are located close to metropolitan areas, in order to serve the population of these suburbs, which demand for land for housing and employment. These new settlements are aimed at the incorporation of urban infrastructure to facilitate the production and market relations. For the proposal to be successful, cooperation becomes a central theme. Thus, the settlement, is observed that cooperation takes place at different levels because there is no settlement without cooperation, much less groups that do not have membership. Therefore, the largest membership and engagement are located in the rules of power, with more or less the same centrality. Thus, we identified that while the association has the president the centralization of power, the group's collective 'mutirão' (local organization) has a balanced management, leading to greater involvement of families to the cooperation of the management of the settlement Paulo Fonteles.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ação coletiva sob influência da dendeicultura: um estudo de caso sobre a Central das Organizações Sociais entre os rios Guamá e Capim (CONSERGC)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019) BALIEIRO, Marciclei Lopes; SCHMITZ, Heribert
I analyze the experience of formal organization of family farmers integrated with oil palm in the Central of Social Organizations between the Guamá and Capim Rivers (CONSERGC). The central category of research is collective action in rural areas. I use Mancur Olson's theory of economics and the contributions of the French school of sociology of organizations to understand how cooperation is being built from the actions of the actors involved. The participation and management categories also stand out during the project, which is why I highlight the process of building self-management. Data were collected between June 2017 and February 2019, using a script, the methodology was based mainly on open interviews with the application of a semi-structured questionnaire and direct observation. I also conducted a literature review on the theme addressed in this work and did a documentary research with relevant data on the object of study. I present the context in which CONSERGC was proposed and created. I identify and characterize how the mobilization of farmers and leaders took place based on the performance of organizations such as the local STTRs, FETAGRI and, above all, the ADM company for integration in the oil palm project and for the organization as an association. Despite the difficulties that accompany the trajectory of the formal organization in the Northeast of Pará (credit, technical assistance, income, management, among others), the initiative is seen by most farmers as an opportunity. The possibility of organizing production, accessing some financing or project and improving family income were pointed out by the interviewees as important factors for engaging in associations. The organization presents difficulties that were identified in the research, among them: the lack of resources to develop its economic, social and logistical activities to gather members. However, the data showed that for the short time that CONSERGC has existed, the organization's associative proposal is in promising development. This finding makes reference: the performance of its board and its leaders, who have found solutions to the recurring difficulties; the trust of associates in their managers and the good level of participation of associates in meetings and meetings that, even by representation, assume an important role in the organization's operating strategies. The participation and construction of the action based on game of interests, they were negotiated within the organization and have been important for the continuity of the collective action analyzed here. Among the results of the research clipping, it is concluded that the interest of Integrated Associations in affiliating with a Central of Associations is related, in principle, to the mobilization and incentive given by ADM company for the creation of organizations. Subsequently, CONSERGC was seen by the associates as a facilitator of the dialogue with the company and, among the advantages, a means to obtain improvements in the integration contract. Empirical data revealed that few farmers read the contract in its entirety and, through CONSERGC's performance, they are being able to review some contractual clauses of paramount importance to their interests within the palm project such as in relation to price and price. weight of the product, these being the items most cited by the integrated. Despite being a specific case study, this work can c
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A atuação da associação dos usuários da Reserva Extrativista Marinha de Tracuateua (PA) diante de conflitos sociais relacionados ao uso dos recursos naturais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-03-30) RODRIGUES, Monique Rocha; SCHMITZ, Heribert; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2294519993210835
Extractive Reserves (Resex) are territories of common use destined to the conservation of natural resources, culture and means of life of traditional people. The regulation of the use of these areas is done through shared management between the public administration and administration of traditional peoples with participatory principles. For the implementation of the new management model (comanagement), the User Associations are created as representatives of the traditional people. The present research was elaborated with the proposal to contribute with the construction of sociological scientific knowledge, referring to the action of the Association of Users of the Marine Extractive Reserve of Traucateua (Auremat) in the face of social conflicts related to the management of natural resources. As recurrent and specific conflicts in Marine Extractive Reserves (REM) I chose to develop a study of the conflict caused by the practices: "marrecas fishing", creation of loose buffaloes and use of "thin mesh" for fishing. Such conflicts occur among groups of users: those who practice them and those who feel harmed by these activities. The investigated conflicts occur mainly in areas of flooded fields and in the surroundings of the rivers, situated in the area surrounding Resex. The data collection was done using the qualitative approach in three communities (Cocal, Santa Maria and Santa Tereza), chosen from the zoning made by the Chico Mendes Institute of Biodiversity Conservation (ICMBio) and nominations of members of the board of directors of Auremat as conflicting. The research was divided in two stages, being carried out 5 incursions in the field. The following were conducted: secondary data collection, literature searches referring to the researched topic, observations and 41 interviews (39 with agroextrativistas users of Resex and 2 with Environmental Analysts of ICMBio). Even without the approval of the Management Plan (PM), it was verified that Auremat acts in the face of social conflicts related to the use of natural resources researched through meetings and environmental journeys in the areas surrounding the Resex where the users reside, promoting awareness on the problematic activities, assisting in the reporting of complaints to the competent bodies, in addition to developing other works aimed at improving the life of users. During the research, the difficulties to act were also observed of the agroextractivists who are members of the association, these are due to the insufficiency of associated users who are up to date with the payment of the fixed rate, causing a lack of resources. Currently the users association seeks attract productive projects and carries out activities, both destined to the users of the Reserve, with the support of international resources coming from the Tracuateua Project, which also takes on great importance for the training of agroextractivists for bureaucratic burdens of the association.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Cooperação e conflitos na gestão da Reserva Extrativista Marinha de Maracanã, Estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-03-02) SANTOS, Luiz Carlos Bastos; SCHMITZ, Heribert; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2294519993210835
Extractive reserves are areas of common use devoted to the conservation of natural resources, and intended for traditional populations. The management model performed in this type of Conservation Unit must take place through the establishment of formal rules which enable regulating the exploitation of natural resources in the area, in addition to allowing participation of the local community. The objective of this study is to examine the cooperation and conflicts among users in the management process of the Maracana Extractive Marine Reserve, State of Pará. This study used a qualitative approach, through which techniques such as observation and interviews were used to collect a variety of data otherwise accessible only by establishing a direct contact with the individuals participating in the action. Primary and secondary data were surveyed. Therefore, five field surveys were carried out. In the field surveys, it was possible to monitor the implementation of different activities related to collective management of the area, and twenty-five semi-structured interviews were applied. Literatures with approaches related to the issues being considered were accessed. The main collective space for decision-making, the Deliberative Council of the Maracana Extractive Marine Reserve (MEMR) comprises several authors, in addition to the users which participate representatively. However, the meetings have not been held regularly. The Committees, which are organizational structures composed solely of users who propose to collaborate with the management of MEXMR are highlighted in the process. Finally, the Committees are considered differential in the management process of this conservation unit, and an initiative intended to increase the participation of traditional populations in the management of that space, as to ensure the conservation of natural resources as stated in the official management tools of the area. However, the simple creation of organizational structures, if, for example, devoid of support material and coercive power, will not be consolidated as the solution to remedy the existing weaknesses in the management of natural resources of that space intended for common use.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Cooperativa Agrícola Santo Antônio: uma ação coletiva bem sucedida no Município de Marituba-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-05-29) PRADO, Edy Silva de Azevedo Carvalho; SCHMITZ, Heribert; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2294519993210835
This research is about a case study in the Agricultural Cooperative Santo Antônio (COOPSANT) in Marituba City, state of Pará. The cooperative is a national and regional reference as a collective entrepreneurshipment in the area of production of hydroponic lettuce, ornamental plants and organic vegetables. The goal of the research is to study the selfmanagement process in the cooperative. For this were used qualitative and quantitative approaches based on non-formals and semi-structured interviews (application of a questionnaire) with the cooperated, as well as in loco observation. The work focuses mainly on the French School of Sociology of Organizations of Crozier and Friedberg that deals with issues such as power, organization and self management. Even facing problems such as conflicts, difficulties in enlisting the cooperation, among others, the shareholders contribute to the management of the organization, but it is obvious the predominant role of the president in coordination of actions and in the creation and modification of the operational rules of the cooperative. The power can be considered a force structuring the organization. The research identifies, in addition to the president, others in the cooperative that are strategic to it works. In conclusion we can say that the COOPSANT has a balanced self-management with an active participation of its members, but it is still essential the figure of the president driving the cooperative directions and supporting the decisions process in general assembly. The family participates actively in the form of individual and collective work, strengthening, buy this way, the familiar character of the associative entrepreneurshipment. So the cooperative members, even those who do not have family involved, say that the cooperative is a family business. The cooperative members are identified, both as a farmer, and as cooperating. The identity of the members creates a link between them and the organization to which they belong.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Cooperativa Agroleiteira Transamazônica (COOPETRA): fatores que influenciam na sua persistência
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014) FARIAS, Elielson Soares; SCHMITZ, Heribert; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2294519993210835
Analyze the persistence of collective action and cooperation in Agroleiteira Cooperative Trans, West of Pará State. Data were collected between January 2013 and January 2014. This is a case study and the methods and techniques used were: direct observation; interviews with semi - structured questionnaire application and documentary research. The observations were made at general meetings and meetings of the board of directors. Interviews were conducted with members in their rural setting, not unlike the way were interviewed local and regional leaders. For employees a structured questionnaire was administered and direct observations were made at the factory. Present a contextualization of the region, which includes this research, highlighting the historical aspects and the construction of collective action based on the mobilization of farmers, leaders and other organizations, especially Catholic and Lutheran Churches. The core category is collective action, but also highlights the power, participation and management. I use the theory of the sociology of organizations to understand the role of stakeholders in building cooperation and action. Present some aspects of the dilemma of cooperation in this study, partly shown negotiated and set by the actors that structure and maintains cooperative. Describe how actors' interests manifest themselves and affect the stability of the organization do not constitute a specific threat. The leaders assume the role of filter external pressures and to control what enters the context of the organization. The leaders have political experience, organizational and know how to negotiate. I also emphasize the active participation of members who, even by proxy, assume an important role in controlling the organization, define the purposes and activities do not interfere in the management of media activities. Finally, this construct, which is dynamic and negotiated within the cooperative, has avoided failure and built a possible alternative of cooperation and collective action to succeed.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A educação ambiental como intervenção na FLONA do Tapajós
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-08-28) GARCIA, Ana Paula dos Santos; SCHMITZ, Heribert; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2294519993210835
The Environmental Education’s involvement had development to get specifics conducts for its target, as the Rural Extension. These interventions came from on necessary proper known and technics to groups with intents to create a Quality Live better. The problematic incited in produce the research to notice a great deal of Environmental Education projects in Pará and the Forest National of the Tapajós, but the environments problems are continued and intense. The main focus of this text is the intervention of the Project Health and Smile (PSA), to make an image of environmental education together with traditional population of one community relate to this conservation’s unit. The abstract which conduct this work fix a connection with some categories, how: environmental education, rural extension and participation. And it were review to help the study and having links with interference made about the theme environmental education to comprehend how it happen, how the phenomenon of participation of target come, and the interfaces with rural extension. The study put a fault of order in evidence, the discusses about project’s techniques and their practices, because the fundaments of maintain environmental education are very presents in the interventions until when have the will to realize different action, for example, in a show of circus where stick out aspects of entertainment. Traditionally, similar with what find out in interventions of rural extension this techniques devote considerable “faith” at information and transmission of known to show conduct of ecologically right. And it happens without one problematic process of reality. Those interventions don’t get the changes of conduction hopes, whereas is necessary a series of changes on think and action manners the people, it isn’t get through of known transmission. After all, the techniques’ discusses show to used to the communicate methodologies. They have participation and intervention of the target, it describe a passive participation, conceded and symbolic. Having been the processes required by the techniques and the individuals to maintain illusion of they’re doing the politic e social participation. The majority of activities that the project develops about theme environmental education are environments activities, in the reality. Although, the techniques doing very intentionality to “make education” they continue reproducing the traditionalist connections of education when they become void the conduct norms of deal with the nature, often out of context with the target what is implant in a tend which come been thinking in Brazil, the emptying of environmental education.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Gestão comunitária e individual dos recursos naturais nas várzeas do Baixo Tocantins: o caso do Projeto de Assentamento Agroextrativista (PAE) Ilha de Sumaúma em Igarapé Miri / PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-09-05) SACRAMENTO, José Maria Cardoso; SCHMITZ, Heribert; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2294519993210835
This work is about rules related to the management of common resources by peasant communities in the Sumaúma Island, State of Pará, Brazil, before and after its land regularization through an Agroextractivist Settlement Project (Projeto de Assentamento Agroextrativista - PAE in Portuguese). It is known that the PAE aims to take into consideration the traditional communities’ historical claims, such as: an agrarian reform that guarantees not only the right to land to the peasants, but also respects their traditional way of life, and that has as principle combining the conservation of natural resources with the implementation of agro-extractive activities. This dissertation also analyses the history of natural resources management in the Lower Tocantins before and after the arrival of the Europeans, who colonized the region in the sixteenth century; the activities gradually established in this process; the influence of these activities on the forms of labor relations and the agricultural and extractive production of the current main products of the island. In addition, this dissertation describes the historical process in which social rules of coexistence among the inhabitants of the island are intertwined with rules for natural resources’ management. It was also analyzed the influence of the Catholic Church in the establishment of mechanisms to mediate the relationships among the peasants, including the rules and other institutional arrangements to manage natural resources collectively. In conclusion, despite the alleged concern of governmental agents in enhancing democracy and participation, respecting non-formal institutional arrangements developed by local people, the proposed plans for natural resource management for communities at PAE still has significant limitations: there are no provisions for when some rules are not accomplished and for the inclusion of new unplanned rules in the formal Plan for Natural Resources’ Use
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Intervenção e exploração de recursos naturais em comunidade quilombola: o caso de Abacatal
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2005-08-26) GOMES, Jorge Evandro Santos; SCHMITZ, Heribert; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2294519993210835
This study was conducted to examine possible impacts of the introduction of innovations by development officers in a community of slave descendants, from the standpoint of the farmer, as well as their views on the relevance of the activities implemented, discussing the factors that have influenced the adoption of innovations and the consequences of these changes in the form of land use and management of natural resources in the area. The results showed that, at the local level, factors such as the nature of the target audience participation in the projects, the results achieved in the intervention and the profile of the development officers exert strong influence on the decision of the small farmer in the appropriation of a practice. This study also revealed that requests of the services of Technical Assistance and Rural Extension (ATER) for the studied community was, above all, a complex strategy of farmers towards securing land tenure from the threat of „grileiros‟ who were trying to take their land. Another conclusion drawn from the study indicates that the sustainability of local family farms depend on profound changes in the predominant production system consisting of shifting cultivation and charcoal production, which is clearly impacting the forest cover of the territory of the slave descendants‟ community. A viable alternative would be the implementation of more complex systems such as agroforestry systems (SAF's), detected by this research in a pilot project and in isolated experiences in the community, along with the organization of production
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
“Mesmo com essas coisas ruins que o dendê trouxe, eu não saio daqui”: resistência a agroindústria do dendê na comunidade do Castanhalzinho em Concórdia do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-03-31) RIBEIRO, Lissandra Cordeiro; SCHMITZ, Heribert; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2294519993210835
Palm oil production on the world stage has gained momentum in the last decades, in the main palm oil producing countries of Indonesia and Thailand the production of raw material for agrofuels has not been accompanied by a strict environmental policy, triggering conflicts with local communities and drawing the attention of ONGs and movements linked to the defense of the environment. In 2010, the National Biodiesel Production Program (PNPB) created by the Federal Government was launched in Brazil as a way to promote the production of alternative fuels to oil from palm oil, providing for the creation of salaried employment and the inclusion of agriculture through production contracts (BRASIL, 2010). The development of palm oil agroindustries, such as the company BIOPALMA S / A, which in its area of coverage has acquired large tracts of land around the Castanhalzinho Community, provoked changes in the living conditions of the residents due to the opening and extensions within the community and by the effects of the chemicals used in planting maintenance. The objective of this dissertation is to analyze the forms of resistance to the oil industry in the Castanhalzinho Community, located in the municipality of Concórdia do Pará. Scott's concept of daily resistance (2013) and theoretical foundations of Collective Action are used as the theoretical focus of this study because it helps us understand forms of resistance produced both in the daily life by the residents, as well as by the local quilombola associations. The study was constructed through case study and qualitative research, using participant observation, open and semi-structured interviews with community residents and with quilombola leaderships from associations and entities such as Malungu and Cedenpa. The results of the research pointed to forms of resistance by quilombola associations and daily resistance by community dwellers as a denial of the sale of land for monoculture, wages, the effects of palm oil cultivation in the quilombola community and resistance to the access to the environment by the opponent's devaluation. Elements of the social organization of the community such as kinship, religiosity and reciprocity guarantee solid social relations among the inhabitants and of them with the territory guaranteeing greater possibility of resistance in the place.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Mobilização e conflitos em torno da criação de uma Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável no Campo da Mangaba, Maracanã-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-02-16) PINTO, Sandolene do Socorro Ramos; SCHMITZ, Heribert; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2294519993210835
The study had the rare opportunity of following the process of creating a Conservation Unit. The perceptions of the local players surrounding the proposal of creating the Sustainable Development Reserve (RDS) Campo das Mangabas (Municipality of Maracanã, state of Pará) were evaluated focusing on the actions and positions with respect to the proposal. A qualitative approach was used in this study, using theoretical and field research, observations, and semi structured and informal interviews in the ten communities comprising the area. Data were also collected in the county seat and two interviews were carried out in the city of Belém. Results showed that the mobilizations for the protection of natural resources of Campo da Mangaba began due to threats to the local biodiversity. Factors such as burning and disorderly occupation create conflicts over land ownership and the use of natural resources, among other problems listed in the research study, and endanger the survival of the ecosystem and of traditional populations which have an important labor activity in extracting mangaba (Hancornia speciosa Gomes) and bacuri (Platonia insignis). The creation process officially began as of 2007, when several class actions with gatherings, meetings and public consultation occurred, promoted by local organizations and the Secretary of State for the Environment of the state of Pará. Most interviewees endorsed the creation of the reserve, although there are conflicts in micro scale. Three positions emerged regarding the proposal of creating the Conservation Unit: for, against and no opinion on the matter. Difficulties in understanding what is a Sustainable Development Reserve were also recorded. There was a time interval from the public consultation carried out by communities in September 2013 to the end of this research. The enactment of the Reserve depends only on the state government, given that the necessary legal formalities were fulfilled.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Motivação para o engajamento sindical : estudo de uma organização de agricultores familiares no nordeste paraense
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-06-30) SANTOS, Raynice Souza dos; SCHMITZ, Heribert; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2294519993210835
This research deals with the motivations for engagement in the Union of Rural Workers (STTR), in the Municipality of Concórdia do Pará. Collective action represents one of the most important ways to make social and political claims prevail and is often carried out through organizations. Social organizations, therefore, become privileged instruments of contestation and political confrontation and, especially, unions have historically played a central role in defending the interests of workers. Rural unionism, however, is currently in a more delicate situation, due to a series of transformations that put its attractiveness in check, making it difficult for partners to engage and remain. Therefore, understanding why to become a member of a union is a matter of extreme relevance, not only academic, but also practical. To carry out this analysis, a qualitative approach was used, with data collection taking place in two communities (Galho and Igarapé João), and a settlement (Nova Inácia), as well as at the union headquarters. The research was divided into two stages, with five forays into the field. Secondary data were collected (from the Concordia Agriculture Department and the STTR headquarters), the literature on the researched topic was consulted and 23 interviews were conducted (with 18 family farmers and five union leaders). The survey results showed that the Concord STTR has a significant share of affiliated farmers, most of whom approve the current union board. Nevertheless, I found that most of the members are not up to date with the union contribution, with some claiming that they stopped contributing after the approval of the temporary law 871/2019 which ended the need to issue union declarations so that workers can apply for retirement. This service was one of the main reasons for STTR membership and its cancellation weakened the organization. This fact points to the need for unions to reinvent themselves and establish partnerships with other organizations, such as farmers' associations.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O movimento sindical dos trabalhadores e trabalhadoras rurais no nordeste paraense: as motivações dos participantes em Tomé-Açu
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-01-25) MORAES, Lucas Gabriel da Silva; SCHMITZ, Heribert; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2294519993210835
The Rural Workers' Union Movement (MSTTR) is one of the main collective actions organized in favor of the fight for better living and working conditions in rural areas. In the Northeast region of Pará State, the fight for rights in this category began in the mid-1950s, with the creation of the first farm workers organizations in the region and, later, with the institutionalization of the fight in 1962. Part of the demands of rural workers were rights that urban workers already had, whether they were: health, social security, labor laws and decent wages, in addition to the main demand, agrarian reform. These and other objectives guided collective actions within the scope of the MSTTR which, in turn, constituted the current structure of representation of rural workers. In Tomé-Açu, the Rural Workers’ Syndicate (STTR) was, for at least 35 years, the only organization that defended the category and represented its interests. This reality has changed since 2006, with the creation of the Tomé-Açu Family Farmers’ Syndicate (SINTRAF) and the Tomé-Açu Rural Employees’ Syndicate (SINDTER), in 2016, changing the dynamics of participation, affiliation and collective actions within the scope of the MSTTR. In relation to these dynamics, the literature of social movements has shown that collective action is not an easy task and may depend on a series of factors to materialize itself, as an example, the motivations. Within this context, the present work aims to identify the motivations for the participation of rural workers in the MSTTR, more specifically, in the Tomé-Açu STTR, in Northeast Pará, trying to analyze its trajectory and the current challenges that are imposed on the collective action. The methodology used started from a qualitative approach using the content analysis technique. During data collection, 34 interviews were carried out with syndicate leaders and rural workers, members and non-members who participate in any of the three rural syndicates in Tomé-Açu. The results of the study showed two bases of motivation, one of them being material, linked to the services and benefits of the syndicate, with rural retirement being the main one; and the other immaterial, being highlighted the syndical representativeness. Among non-members, land was the central motivation, exemplified in the case of the collective action carried out in the Mancha Negra camp. In the process of mobilizing new members, the role of leaders proved to be fundamental, both within the syndicate itself, through the figure of the president, and in the local context, through the action of syndicate delegates. As for the current challenges, signs of a crisis in the STTR were identified, which takes place within the scope of collective actions and reflects the problems that occur in the administration of the syndical organization, with the maintenance of power in the hands of the same group for many years, the prioritization of utilitarianism in the syndicate and the lack of new leaderships who could initiate a renewal of the current management.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Mudanças nos parâmetros técnicos dos projetos de crédito rural: o caso dos projetos de assentamentos no sudeste do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2005-08-29) OLIVEIRA, Dvandro Pedro de; SCHMITZ, Heribert; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2294519993210835
This work has the purpose of studying the occurred changes in the technical parameters, during the understood period from 1994 to 2004. This period was analyzed at two distinct moments: the first one studies the years from 1994 to 1999, which coincides with the predominance of the EMATER in the elaboration of the projects, and the second one studies the years from 2000, with the biggest participation of the lenders of service in the elaboration of projects for settled familiar agriculturists. This second moment coincides with the participation of the lenders of service of the Lumiar Project. The analysis privileges the second moment of changes in the technical parameters, which involved the participation of the familiar agriculturists and different institutions attached to the agricultural credit for settlements. The discussions about the projects were carried in the technical discussion forums (seminaries and meetings or workshops) promoted by the technical chamber. Through the improvement of the dialogue among the actors in the forums of technical discussions, the construction of the technical parameters in the Southeast of the state of Pará has been providing an improvement in the application of the credit, although there is still a lack of a more systemized analysis about the projects adaptation, in the agricultural establishments. The absence of regional technical indices may put some projects at risk, as the financing of the Forest PRONAF. The main technical advance in the discussions of the credit for the familiar agriculture was the incorporation of the activities regarding to small and medium animals and to agroflorestais systems (SAF’s), as financed items which allowed a bigger adaptability of the credit to the reality of the familiar agriculturists.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Socialização de agricultoras no movimento de mulheres do nordeste paraense
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-08-29) SILVA, Maria Evaneide Pantoja da; SCHMITZ, Heribert; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2294519993210835
This study is empirical. It is based on experience of a qualitative nature that searches to analyze historically the Movement of Women of the Northeast State of Pará (MMNEPA) and their role as social agents. This study takes into account: the processes responsible for the socialization of women farmers and their insertion into this process; how women influence the socialization of one another and does this reflect on the continuation of the movement; how does the movement socialize all men participating there and how do these men influence the socialization of the women in the movement. For the collection of data, I used principally the documentary study which was produced by the very MMNEPA; direct and participative observation and interviews. The observation took place during the period from January 2007 to January 2008 and the interviews from October 2007 to January 2008. It was concluded that MMNEPA while being a social agent, uses their formation experiences as an instrument for demonstrating their results on women which help them to interact among themselves thus making the movement selfsufficient and strong.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Os trabalhadores da Ciência: a crise da ação coletiva dos docentes da UFPA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-05-05) FARIAS, Silvio Kanner Pereira; SCHMITZ, Heribert; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2294519993210835
This work refers to collective action fild of studies, more especiclally about trade unionism organization. The empircal object is the Professors Association of the Federal University of Pará (ADUFPA). Intruce contributions of the Sociology os Organization and Social Movements in a Sociology of Work. Discuss the critical condition of the proferssors trade union in the frame of the degradation of higher education and the especifix working conditions. Through the empirical interviews and documental research has been verified a situation that can be called collective action crises. The theoretical answers from sociology of work to the trade unionism Brazil crises, despite of their important contribution to evaluate the macro conditions of work and trade unionism, do not allow an explain for this case. Because of what, does not ask about the organization and the specific form of work control. Concludes that it was constituted an specific mode of control of the professor´s work at the public Brazilian universities, the intellectual productivism, adapted to a degradation of conditions for scientific research. Like others, this mode has been affected the capacity of collective action by means of time reduction and the subjectification of the injunctions of the necessity of scientific production at any cost. The graduate is your local of reproduction that introduces a specific form of alienation. Proposes that the nature of the collective action crises, even though the contextual aspects, can be find at the trade unionism practice, market by absence of organized sustained interaction between leaders and the workers that would lead to a construction and reconstruction the conditions to mobilization.