Artigos Científicos - IG
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) A categorização e a validação das respostas abertas em surveys políticos(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-10) HENKEL, KarlThe article deals with the problem of the categorization of answers about politics, government, and democracy obtained through open-ended questions in a survey with a random sample of 800 interviewees. In order to identify the degree of comprehensibility of the questions, a pre-test and missing value analysis were carried out to elaborate a psychometric profile. In the categorization process, the deductive method was superior to the inductive one. The media and the life cycle position influences perception about politics and government. The validation of intra- and inter-coder reliability shows that coders, at a given moment, begin to accept irrational responses as rational ones, and that they can be subject to framing effects.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) The mineralogy and chemistry of the German and Portuguese tiles used to face a historic building in the Amazon region and their natural susceptibility to tropical weathering(Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, 2013-09) COSTA, Marcondes Lima da; SANJAD, Thais Alessandra Bastos Caminha; PAIVA, Rosildo SantosDuring the 19th century, the most prominent buildings of the city of Belém were faced entirely with tiles manufactured in Portugal and Germany, which now exhibit distinct degrees of degradation. The Pinho mansion is one of the most important of these buildings and was selected for the investigation of the action of the tropical Amazonian climate on the degradation of the tiles. To achieve this objective, the tiles were mapped for organic and inorganic degradation, and samples were collected for analysis. The minerals were determined by XRD, the chemical composition by classical wet methods and SEM/EDS, and the microorganisms under the microscope. The results show that the German and Portuguese tiles are quite different in their composition. While both ceramic bodies are composed of SiO2 and Al2O3, CaO was found only in the Portuguese tile. The low Na2O and K2O contents indicate the addition of materials to reduce the fusion temperature. SiO2 and PbO are the main constituents of the glaze, with CoO and FeO being added as pigment. The ceramic body of the German tiles is constituted of quartz, mullite, and cristobalite, in contrast with the Portuguese tiles, which are made of quartz, gehlenite, diopside, calcite, and feldspars. The glazes are XRD-amorphous. The chemical and mineralogical differences between the German and Portuguese tiles indicate that they were produced from different raw materials under distinct thermal processes. The most prominent weathering-related modifications are the thin layers (German tiles), oxidation stains, dark stains, the detachment of the tile (Portuguese tiles), loss of the glaze and powdering of the ceramic body (Portuguese tiles) through the establishment of Cyanophyta and Bacillariophyta.. The distinct degradation patterns of the tiles exposed to the tropical Amazon climate are a consequence of their distinct mineralogy and chemistry.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) O papel da grande mineração e sua interação com a dinâmica urbana em uma região de fronteira na Amazônia(Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2016) MELO, Ana Carolina Campos de; CARDOSO, Ana Cláudia DuarteThis article deals with particularities of the urbanization process associated to the mining dynamics, which articulate directly the extraction territories to the global accumulation circuits. On the Amazon frontier, the forms of capital operationalization, altered the urban structuring, the urban-rural relationship and caused an enormous impact on the nature and on the most vulnerable sections of the population. The analysis is based on the Lefebvrian derivation of extended urbanization and on the notion of levels of social reality; has the objective of exploring the relational connections of the urban with the global and local levels and allow the construction of parallels between the iron ore extraction at the Serra dos Carajás and the gold exploration, at the Vale do Husco, northern region Chile. We observe an urban dynamic governed by the global sphere, and parallel processes, embryos of a new urban matrix, in the local sphere, centered on the reproduction of life and the construction of citizenship.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) A ocorrência de malária em quatro municípios do estado do Pará, de 1988 a 2005, e sua relação com o desmatamento(Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, 2012-03) PARENTE, Andressa Tavares; SOUZA, Everaldo Barreiros de; RIBEIRO, João Batista MirandaThe purpose of this paper is to study occurrence of malaria in four different regions of the state of Pará and its possible relationships with deforestation rates. A retrospective study using secondary data from 1988 to 2005, using malaria incidence records reported in four cities in the state (Anajás, Itaituba, Santana do Araguaia and Viseu), as well as deforestation rates provided by the PRODES-INPE. The quantiles method was applied to establish five categories or classes of malaria incidence for each city, and a state IPA was generated with the contributions of these cities. From 1988 to 1994, the curves of incidence of malaria follow deforestation rates. From 1995, there are consecutive years of high incidence levels after years of high deforestation rates, as registered in 1995, 2000 and 2004. It was noticed that after periods of intense deforestation the occurrence of malaria presented an incidence pattern between high and very high, suggesting that deforestation may be a factor in maintaining and increasing the number of cases in the state of Pará.